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Nanofluidic chip for liquid TEM cell fabricated by parylene and silicon nitride direct bonding
Jang, Heejun,Kang, Il-Suk,Kim, Jihye,Kim, Jonghyun,Cha, Yun Jeong,Yoon, Dong Ki,Lee, Wonhee IOP 2017 Nanotechnology Vol.28 No.37
<P>Despite the importance of nanofluidic transmission electron microscope (TEM) chips, a simple fabrication method has yet to be developed due to the difficulty of wafer bonding techniques using a nanoscale thick bonding layer. We present a simple and robust wafer scale bonding technique using parylene as a bonding layer. A nanoscale thick parylene layer was deposited on a silicon nitride (SiN) wafer and patterned to construct nanofluidic channels. The patterned parylene layer was directly bonded to another SiN wafer by thermal surface activation and bonding, with a bonding strength of ∼3 MPa. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that carbon–oxygen bonds were generated by thermal activation. We demonstrated TEM imaging of gold nanoparticles suspended in liquid using the fabricated nanofluidic chip.</P>
Jang, Hyung-Suk,Nam, Hye Yeong,Kim, Jeong-Min,Hahm, Dong-Hoon,Nam, So Hee,Kim, Koung Li,Joo, Jae-Ryang,Suh, Wonhee,Park, Jong-Sang,Kim, Duk Kyung,Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS Vol.74 No.6
<B>Objective:</B><P>To evaluate the efficacy of the curcumin-coating stent (CCS) on the inhibition of restenosis in a rabbit iliac artery stent model.</P><B>Results:</B><P>Curcumin, pigment naturally acquired from the rhizome of the plant curcuma longa, is known to have antiproliferative, antimigratory, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is still unclear that curcumin can inhibit neointimal proliferation of the injured vessel.</P><B>Methods:</B><P>Dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth was observed over a dose range from 10 nM to 10 μM. CCS was prepared by a dip-coating method (high-dose: HD, low-dose: LD). The release profile of the HD CCS showed that drug release persisted until day 21. Scanning electron microscopy of the CCS showed an intact surface of the stent even after expansion. To test the efficacy of CCS in vivo, LD CCS, HD CCS, and bare metal stents (BMS) were implanted in random order in one iliac artery (N = 30 arteries) of male New Zealand White rabbits (N = 15).</P><B>Results:</B><P>After 28 days, the LD and HD CCS groups had a 43% and 55% reduction in the neointimal area, compared with the BMS group (BMS 3.3 ± 1.0 mm<SUP>2</SUP>, LD 1.9 ± 0.8 mm<SUP>2</SUP>, and HD 0.9 ± 0.5 mm<SUP>2</SUP>, P < 0.05). There appeared to be no cytotoxicity related to curcumin at the indicated doses.</P><B>Conclusions:</B><P>Curcumin, a natural compound in the human diet, seems to be a safe and effective candidate drug for use in a drug-eluting stent for the prevention of stent restenosis following angioplasty. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Jang, Heejun,Kang, Il-Suk,Lee, Youngbok,Cha, Yun Jeong,Yoon, Dong Ki,Ahn, Chi Won,Lee, Wonhee IOP 2016 Nanotechnology Vol.27 No.36
<P>The direct transfer of graphene using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamping has advantages such as a ‘pick-and-place’ capability and no chemical residue problems. However, it is not easy to apply direct PDMS stamping to graphene grown via chemical vapor deposition on rough, grainy metal surfaces due to poor contact between the PDMS and graphene. In this study, graphene consisting of a mixture of monolayers and multiple layers grown on a rough Ni surface was directly transferred without the use of an adhesive layer. Liquid PDMS was cured on graphene to effect a conformal contact with the graphene. A fast release of graphene from substrate was achieved by carrying out wet-etching-assisted mechanical peeling. We also carried out a thermal post-curing of PDMS to control the level of adhesion between PDMS and graphene and hence facilitate a damage-free release of the graphene. Characterization of the transferred graphene by micro-Raman spectroscopy, SEM/EDS and optical microscopy showed neither cracks nor contamination from the transfer. This technique allows a fast and simple transfer of graphene, even for multilayer graphene grown on a rough surface.</P>
Baek, Wonhee,Lee, JuHee,Jang, Yeonsoo,Kim, Jeongmin,Shin, Dong Ah,Park, Hyunki,Koo, Bon-Nyeo,Lee, Hyangkyu 한국간호과학회 2023 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.53 No.4
Purpose: With an increase in the aging population, the number of patients with degenerative spinal diseases undergoing surgery has risen, as has the incidence of postoperative delirium. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors affecting postoperative delirium in older adults who had undergone spine surgery and to identify the associated biomarkers. Methods: This study is a prospective study. Data of 100 patients aged ≥ 70 years who underwent spinal surgery were analyzed. Demographic data, medical history, clinical characteristics, cognitive function, depression symptoms, functional status, frailty, and nutritional status were investigated to identify the risk factors for delirium. The Confusion Assessment Method, Delirium Rating Scale-R-98, and Nursing Delirium Scale were also used for diagnosing delirium. To discover the biomarkers, urine extracellular vesicles (EVs) were analyzed for tau, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), neurofilament light, and glial fibrillary acidic protein using digital immunoassay technology. Results: Nine patients were excluded, and data obtained from the remaining 91 were analyzed. Among them, 18 (19.8%) developed delirium. Differences were observed between participants with and without delirium in the contexts of a history of mental disorder and use of benzodiazepines (p = .005 and p = .026, respectively). Tau and UCH-L1—concentrations of urine EVs—were comparatively higher in participants with severe delirium than that in participants without delirium (p = .002 and p = .001, respectively). Conclusion: These findings can assist clinicians in accurately identifying the risk factors before surgery, classifying high-risk patients, and predicting and detecting delirium in older patients. Moreover, urine EV analysis revealed that postoperative delirium following spinal surgery is most likely associated with brain damage.
비정상상태 해석을 이용한 냉각 사이클 내 냉매 분포도 및 성능 분석
조원희(Wonhee Cho),장동수(Dong Soo Jang),이정훈(Jeong Hoon Lee),김용찬(Yongchan Kim) 대한설비공학회 2018 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.6
This study aims to develop a transient numerical model for predicting the refrigerant charge distribution and performance of a refrigeration system. A vapor compression system using R600a is analyzed at the start up condition. With system initialization, condenser experiences increase in inlet refrigerant quality and increase in total refrigerant charge, due to the influence of high temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor. The effect of the refrigerant property at the upstream control volume is seen to properly propagate in the direction of the fluid flow. As the compressor RPM increases, the mass flow rate of the system increases, and the cooling capacity consequently increases.