The construction of second generation wavelet-based multivariable finite elements for multiscale analysis of beam problems

Wang, Youming,Wu, Qing,Wang, Wenqing Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.50 No.5

A design method of second generation wavelet (SGW)-based multivariable finite elements is proposed for static and vibration beam analysis. An important property of SGWs is that they can be custom designed by selecting appropriate lifting coefficients depending on the application. The SGW-based multivariable finite element equations of static and vibration analysis of beam problems with two and three kinds of variables are derived based on the generalized variational principles. Compared to classical finite element method (FEM), the second generation wavelet-based multivariable finite element method (SGW-MFEM) combines the advantages of high approximation performance of the SGW method and independent solution of field functions of the MFEM. A multiscale algorithm for SGW-MFEM is presented to solve structural engineering problems. Numerical examples demonstrate the proposed method is a flexible and accurate method in static and vibration beam analysis.

The construction of second generation wavelet-based multivariable finite elements for multiscale analysis of beam problems

Youming Wang,Qing Wu,Wenqing Wang 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.50 No.5

A design method of second generation wavelet (SGW)-based multivariable finite elements is proposed for static and vibration beam analysis. An important property of SGWs is that they can be custom designed by selecting appropriate lifting coefficients depending on the application. The SGW-based multivariable finite element equations of static and vibration analysis of beam problems with two and three kinds of variables are derived based on the generalized variational principles. Compared to classical finiteelement method (FEM), the second generation wavelet-based multivariable finite element method (SGWMFEM) combines the advantages of high approximation performance of the SGW method and independent solution of field functions of the MFEM. A multiscale algorithm for SGW-MFEM is presented to solve structural engineering problems. Numerical examples demonstrate the proposed method is a flexible and accurate method in static and vibration beam analysis.

Optical Image Encryption Technique Based on Hybrid-pattern Phase Keys

Sun, Wenqing,Wang, Lei,Wang, Jun,Li, Hua,Wu, Quanying Optical Society of Korea 2018 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.2 No.6

We propose an implementation scheme for an optical encryption system with hybrid-pattern random keys. In the encryption process, a pair of random phase keys composed of a white-noise phase key and a structured phase key are positioned in the input plane and Fourier-spectrum plane respectively. The output image is recoverable by digital reconstruction, using the conjugate of the encryption key in the Fourier-spectrum plane. We discuss the system encryption performance when different combinations of phase-key pairs are used. To measure the effectiveness of the proposed method, we calculate the statistical indicators between original and encrypted images. The results are compared to those generated from a classical double random phase encoding. Computer simulations are presented to show the validity of the method.

New Hanger Design Approach of Tied-Arch Bridge to Enhance Its Robustness

Wenqing Wu,Hao Wang,Yan-Jie Zhu,Jiangyu Yu,Hao Zhao,Hui Zhang 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.11

As the crucial components among the tied-arch bridge, the local failure of hangers may trigger a progressive collapse through the entire tied-arch bridge. However, the current design guidance as regards hangers still lacks consideration of structure robustness under an extreme hazard. To improve the structural robustness of tied-arch bridge under extreme conditions, a new hanger design method is proposed, which is termed as asymmetric parallel double-hanger system. Based on Miner’s linear cumulative damage law, an analysis on the fatigue life of the double-hanger system was conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposal, and then a dynamic time-history analysis was employed to simulate the transitory fracture impact due to one or more hangers fracturing. According to the simulation results, the structural robustness is greatly enhanced with asymmetric parallel-double hanger system design, when compared with single hanger system design. When one or more hangers reveal local damage, it will not trigger a progress failure to the whole structure in particular. Several practical suggestions of bridge system’s load-carrying capacity are also put forward for the future arch bridge design at the end of this paper.

MiR-1165-3p Suppresses Th2 Differentiation via Targeting IL-13 and PPM1A in a Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Inflammation

Zhengxia Wang,Ningfei Ji,Zhongqi Chen,Zhixiao Sun,Chaojie Wu,Wenqing Yu,Fan Hu,Mao Huang,Mingshun Zhang 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.5

Purpose: CD4+T cells are essential in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. We have previously demonstrated that microRNA-1165-3p (miR-1165-3p) was significantly reduced in T-helper type (Th) 2 cells and that miR-1165-3p was a surrogate marker for atopic asthma. Little is known about the mechanisms of miR-1165-3p in the regulation of Th2-dominated allergic inflammation. We aimed to investigate the associations between Th2 differentiation and miR-1165b-3p in asthma as well as the possible mechanisms. Methods: CD4+ naïve T cells were differentiated into Th1 or Th2 cells in vitro. MiR-1165-3p was up-regulated or down-regulated using lentiviral systems during Th1/Th2 differentiation. In vivo, the lentiviral particles with the miR-1165-3p enhancer were administered by tail vein injection on the first day of a house dust mite -induced allergic airway inflammation model. Allergic inflammation and Th1/Th2 differentiation were routinely monitored. To investigate the potential targets of miR-1165-3p, biotin-microRNA pull-down products were sequenced, and the candidates were further verified with a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The roles of a target protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1A (PPM1A), in Th2 cell differentiation and allergic asthma were further explored. Plasma PPM1A was determined by ELISA in 18 subjects with asthma and 20 controls. Results: The lentivirus encoding miR-1165-3p suppressed Th2-cell differentiation in vitro. In contrast, miR-1165-3p silencing promoted Th2-cell development. In the HDM-induced model of allergic airway inflammation, miR-1165-3p up-regulation was accompanied by reduced airway hyper-responsiveness, serum immunoglobulin E, airway inflammation and Th2-cell polarization. IL-13 and PPM1A were the direct targets of miR-1165-3p. The expression of IL-13 or PPM1A was inversely correlated with that of miR-1165-3p. PPM1A regulated the signal transducer and activator of transcription and AKT signaling pathways during Th2 differentiation. Moreover, plasma PPM1A was significantly increased in asthmatic patients. Conclusions: MiR-1165-3p negatively may regulate Th2-cell differentiation by targeting IL-13 and PPM1A in allergic airway inflammation.

Characteristics of Solid-state Fermented Feed and its Effects on Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Growing-finishing Pigs

Hu, Jiankun,Lu, Wenqing,Wang, Chunlin,Zhu, Ronghua,Qiao, Jiayun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.11

This study investigated the effects of solid-state fermentation of a compound pig feed on its microbial and nutritional characteristics as well as on pig performance and nutrient digestibility. A mixed culture containing Lactobacillus fermentum, Saccharomyces cerevisae and Bacillus subtilis was used for solid-state fermentation and solid-state fermented feed samples were collected on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 30 for microbial counts and chemical analysis. Lactic acid bacteria increased rapidly during the first three days of fermentation and then slowly declined until day 10 and, thereafter, the counts were maintained at about 6.7 log cfu/g for the duration of the fermentation period. Enterobacteria also increased during the first two days, and then fell below the detectable level of the analysis (3.0 log cfu/g). The pH of the fermentation substrate declined from 6.1 at the start of fermentation to 5.7 by day 30. The water-soluble protein content increased from 8.2 to 9.2% while the concentration of acetic acid increased from 16.6 to 51.3 mmol/kg over the 30-day fermentation. At the end of the 30-day fermentation, the solid-state fermented feed was used in a pig feeding trial to determine its effects on performance and nutrient digestibility in growing-finishing pigs. Twenty crossbred barrows ($14.11{\pm}0.77kg\;BW$) were allotted into two dietary treatments, which comprised a regular dry diet containing antibiotics and a solid-state fermented feed based diet, free of antibiotics. There was no difference due to diet on pig performance or nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, solid-state fermentation resulted in high counts of lactic acid bacteria and low counts of enterobacteria in the substrate. Moreover, feeding a diet containing solid-state fermented feed, free of antibiotics, can result in similar performance and nutrient digestibility in growing-finishing pigs to a regular diet with antibiotics.

Clinical Features, Treatments, and Prognosis of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastases From Lung Cancer: A Case Series and Systematic Review

Liang Wu,Li’ao Wang,Jun Yang,Wenqing Jia,Yulun Xu 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.1

Objective: Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from lung cancer (ISCM-LC) are increasing in prevalence. We aim to investigate its clinical features, treatments and prognosis. Methods: We reported 6 ISCM-LC cases and conducted a systematic review. Descriptive summarization, survival analysis, and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to comprehensively study the disease. Results: All 6 patients had surgery. One used chemotherapy and the other had targeted drugs. Two patients died of ISCM-LC, 1 died of pulmonary embolism, 1 was alive, and 2 were lost to follow-up. We identified 197 ISCM-LC cases in literature with a mean age of 58 years and male preponderance. Small cell lung cancer accounted for 39.1%. The median interval from lung cancer to ISCM-LC was 7 months. Limb weakness was the most common symptom, and 45% cases progressed rapidly. Concomitant brain, leptomeningeal, and vertebral metastasis occurred to 55.8%, 20%, and 19.5%, respectively. Peritumoral edema appeared in 83.3%. Through survival analysis, we found sex, extraspinal metastasis, pathology, and improved symptoms affected the overall survival. Additionally, gross total resection (GTR) shared similar effectiveness with non-GTR, and other treatments following surgery hardly added extra effect. Surgery, improved symptoms, and sex were 3 independent prognostic factors after adjusting for confounding. The estimated median survival time was 5 months. Conclusion: The overall survival of ISCM-LC remains poor. Surgery is an independent protective factor for survival. Surgery should be considered once tolerated, and GTR might not be necessary. In addition, female patients with improved symptoms after intervention might have better overall survival.

A study of predicting irradiation-induced transition temperature shift for RPV steels with XGBoost modeling

Xu, Chaoliang,Liu, Xiangbing,Wang, Hongke,Li, Yuanfei,Jia, Wenqing,Qian, Wangjie,Quan, Qiwei,Zhang, Huajian,Xue, Fei Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.8

The prediction of irradiation-induced transition temperature shift for RPV steels is an important method for long term operation of nuclear power plant. Based on the irradiation embrittlement data, an irradiation-induced transition temperature shift prediction model is developed with machine learning method XGBoost. Then the residual, standard deviation and predicted value vs. measured value analysis are conducted to analyze the accuracy of this model. At last, Cu content threshold and saturation values analysis, temperature dependence, Ni/Cu dependence and flux effect are given to verify the reliability. Those results show that the prediction model developed with XGBoost has high accuracy for predicting the irradiation embrittlement trend of RPV steel. The prediction results are consistent with the current understanding of RPV embrittlement mechanism.

Red organic light-emitting devices based on a pentacene derivative

Xiangdong Luo,Hong Gu,Bangdong Ding,Li Wang,Xiaowen Zhang,Wenqing Zhu,Xueyin Jiang,Zhilin Zhang 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3

A more steric hindrance pentacene derivative, 6,13-di-(3,5-diphenyl) phenylpentacene (PDT) is synthesized in this experiment. And this manuscript presents the red emission organic light-emitting devices based on tris-(8-hydroxy- quinolinato) aluminum (Alq_3) co-doped with 6,13-di-(3,5-diphenyl) phenylpentacene (PDT), and 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene). By measuring and analyzing the intensity of red emission and Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of the devices with different rubrene concentrations and thicknesses of active layer, an optimized structure of [ITO/TPD (50 nm)/Alq_3: 3mol%PDT:1mol%rubrene(60 nm)/Bphen(25 nm)/LiF/Al] is obtained. The experimental results suggest that rubrene assists energy transfer from Alq3 to PDT in composite of Alq_3:PDT:rubrene,which results in relatively pure red emission. A red emission with chromaticity coordinates (x = 0.61,y = 0.37) is also obtained with the emitting layer of [Alq_3:3 mol% PDT:1 mol% rubrene] within the driving current density range of 12―120 mA/cm^2. A maximum luminance efficiency of 2.4 cd/A is measured at current density of 120 mA/cm^2 and high brightness of 2894 cd/m^2.

Chemical processing of water-soluble species and formation of secondary organic aerosol in fogs

Kim, Hwajin,Collier, Sonya,Ge, Xinlei,Xu, Jianzhong,Sun, Yele,Jiang, Wenqing,Wang, Youliang,Herckes, Pierre,Zhang, Qi Elsevier 2019 Atmospheric environment Vol.200 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A field study on fog chemistry and aqueous-phase processing of aerosol particles was conducted in Fresno, California's San Joaquin Valley (SJV) during wintertime. Fog droplets were collected while interstitial submicron aerosol was characterized in real time using a High Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-AMS). The fog samples were later analyzed using HR-AMS, ion chromatography (IC), and total organic carbon analyzer (TOC). Compared to interstitial aerosol, dissolved solutes in fog waters were composed of higher fractions of ammonium, nitrate, sulfate, methanesulfonic acid, and oxygenated organic compounds, likely due to aqueous formation of secondary species as well as enhanced gas-to-particle partitioning of water-soluble gases under humid conditions. The low-volatility dissolved organic matter in fog water (F-OA) was moderately oxidized with an average oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) ratio of 0.42. The chemical composition of F-OA appeared to be overall similar to that of oxygenated organic component in interstitial aerosol (OOA) and the HR-AMS mass spectra of F-OA and OOA are highly similar (r<SUP>2</SUP> > 0.95). However, there are also significant chemical differences as F-OA appeared to contain a larger fraction of carboxylic functional groups than OOA, indicating enhanced organic acid formation through aqueous-phase reactions. In addition, F-OA was composed of substantially more nitrogen-containing compounds, with an average N/C ratio ∼4 times that of OOA. Most strikingly was that the F-OA spectra showed substantial enhancements of the C<SUB>x</SUB>H<SUB>y</SUB>N<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP> (x ≥ 0; y ≥ 0) ions, which were likely contributed by imidazole- and/or pyrazine-based compounds formed from the aqueous reactions of aldehydes with amino compounds. The results of this study demonstrated that aqueous reactions in atmospheric droplets can significantly modify aerosol composition and contribute to the formation of oxygenated and nitrogen-containing organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol particles. This finding is important for understanding aerosol's effects on human health, air quality, and climate.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> HR-AMS study of fog processing of PM1 in San Joaquin Valley of CA during winter. </LI> <LI> Fog waters are enriched of secondary inorganic and organic aerosol species. </LI> <LI> Organic residuals in fog waters (FOM) is moderately oxidized (average O/C = 0.42). </LI> <LI> FOM has more abundant carboxylic acid and organic nitrogen compounds than OOA. </LI> <LI> This is evidence for forming imidazole- or pyrazine-based compounds in fog waters. </LI> </UL> </P>