Serum Anti-Fumarate Hydratase Autoantibody as a Biomarker for Predicting Prognosis of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

Wei Linlin,Wang Ting,Chen Sisi,Liu Yeying,Huang Xueying,Zheng Sujun,Xu Bin,Ren Feng,Liu Mei 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.5

Background/Aims: To investigate the autoantibody against fumarate hydratase (FH), which is a specific liver failure-associated antigen (LFAA) and determine whether it can be used as a biomarker to evaluate the prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Methods: An immunoproteomic approach was applied to screen specific LFAAs related to differential prognosis of ACLF (n=60). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technology was employed for the validation of the frequency and titer of autoantibodies against FH in ACLF patients with different prognoses (n=82). Moreover, we clarified the expression of autoantibodies against FH in patients with chronic hepatitis B (n=60) and hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis (n=60). The dynamic changes in the titers of autoantibodies against FH were analyzed by sample collection at multiple time points during the clinical course of eight ACLF patients with different prognoses. Results: Ultimately, 15 LFAAs were screened and identified by the immunoproteomic approach. Based on ELISA-based verification, anti-FH/Fumarate hydratase protein autoantibody was chosen to verify its expression in ACLF patients. ACLF patients had a much higher anti-FH autoantibody frequency (76.8%) than patients with liver cirrhosis (10%, p=0.000), patients with chronic hepatitis B (6.7%, p=0.022), and normal humans (0%, p=0.000). More importantly, the frequency and titer of anti-FH protein autoantibodies in the serum of ACLF patients with a good prognosis were much higher than that of patients with a poor prognosis (83.9% vs 61.5%, p=0.019; 1.41±0.85 vs 0.94±0.56, p=0.017, respectively). The titer of anti-FH autoantibodies showed dynamic changes in the clinical course of ACLF. Conclusions: The anti-FH autoantibody in serum may be a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of ACLF.

Metabolomes and transcriptomes revealed the saponin distribution in root tissues of Panax quinquefolius and Panax notoginseng

Wei, Guangfei,Yang, Feng,Wei, Fugang,Zhang, Lianjuan,Gao, Ying,Qian, Jun,Chen, Zhongjian,Jia, Zhengwei,Wang, Yong,Su, He,Dong, Linlin,Xu, Jiang,Chen, Shilin The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.6

Background: Panax quinquefolius and Panax notoginseng are widely used and well known for their pharmacological effects. As main pharmacological components, saponins have different distribution patterns in the root tissues of Panax plants. Methods: In this study, the representative ginsenosides were detected and quantified by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis to demonstrate saponin distribution in the root tissues of P. quinquefolius and P. notoginseng, and saponin metabolite profiles were analyzed by metabolomes to obtain the biomarkers of different root tissues. Finally, the transcriptome analysis was performed to demonstrate the molecular mechanisms of saponin distribution by gene profiles. Results: There was saponin distribution in the root tissues differed between P. quinquefolius and P. notoginseng. Eight-eight and 24 potential biomarkers were detected by metabolome analysis, and a total of 340 and 122 transcripts involved in saponin synthesis that were positively correlated with the saponin contents (R > 0.6, P < 0.05) in the root tissues of P. quinquefolius and P. notoginseng, respectively. Among them, GDPS1, CYP51, CYP64, and UGT11 were significantly correlated with the contents of Rg1, Re, Rc, Rb2, and Rd in P. quinquefolius. UGT255 was markedly related to the content of R1; CYP74, CYP89, CYP100, CYP103, CYP109, and UGT190 were markedly correlated with the Rd content in P. notoginseng.

A Configurable Software-based Approach for Detecting CFEs Caused by Transient Faults

( Wei Liu ),( Linlin Ci ),( Liping Liu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.5

Transient faults occur in computation units of a processor, which can cause control flow errors (CFEs) and compromise system reliability. The software-based methods perform illegal control flow detection by inserting redundant instructions and monitoring signature. However, the existing methods not only have drawbacks in terms of performance overhead, but also lack of configurability. We propose a configurable approach CCFCA for detecting CFEs. The configurability of CCFCA is implemented by analyzing the criticality of each region and tuning the detecting granularity. For critical regions, program blocks are divided according to space-time overhead and reliability constraints, so that protection intensity can be configured flexibly. For other regions, signature detection algorithms are only used in the first basic block and last basic block. This helps to improve the fault-tolerant efficiency of the CCFCA. At the same time, CCFCA also has the function of solving confusion and instruction self-detection. Our experimental results show that CCFCA incurs only 10.61% performance overhead on average for several C benchmark program and the average undetected error rate is only 9.29%. CCFCA has high error coverage and low overhead compared with similar algorithms. This helps to meet different cost requirements and reliability requirements.

Research on Trustiness of Software Behavior Based on Cross-References

Wei LIU,Linlin CI,Liping LIU 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.5

Ion Exchange Synthesis of Bi2MoO6/BiOI Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Degradation and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Linlin Fan,Bo Wei,Lingling Xu,Yang Liu,Wanlu Cao,Ning Ma,Hong Gao 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.8

In this study, flower-like Bi2MoO6/BiOI heterostructure photocatalysts were synthesized via an anion exchange method using BiOI as precursor. The composition of Bi2MoO6/BiOI can be easily controlled by adjusting the MoO2- 4 /I- molar ratio. Photocatalytic activity studies based on the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) show that Bi2MoO6/BiOI = 50% photocatalyst exhibited the best performance under visible light excitation. The radical scavengers test demonstrated that holes was the main reactive species for the degradation of RhB, and O2- also took part in the photodecomposition process. Photoelectrochemical measurement reveals that the Bi2MoO6/ BiOI = 50% exhibit enhanced carrier densities, charge separation and photocurrent compared with the original Bi2MoO6 and BiOI. Our results show that bismuth-based heterojunctions fabricated through the anion exchange method could be a cost-effective approach to improve the photocatalytic activity and photoelectrochemical performance of BiOI.

Oligonucleotide microarray-based gene expression analysis of pine sawyer (Monochamus alternatus) after treatment with a sublethal dose of diflubenzuron

Chunmei Wei,Linlin Luo,Huajun Wu,Tong Lin 한국응용곤충학회 2013 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.16 No.4

Monochamus alternatus Hope is a serious pest management concern in stands of pines. Diflubenzuron (DFB) is an insect growth inhibitor (IGI), which acts by disrupting chitin formation and deposition, affecting the cuticle and the molting process. As DFB causes a reduction in chitin content, the insect ultimately dies because of abortive molting. In order to understand how M. alternatus reacts toxicologically to DFB, transcriptional profiling of M. alternatus larvae exposed to a sublethal dose of DFB was monitored using a specific 60-mer oligonucleotide microarray derived from a cDNA library. Treatment of M. alternatus with DFB resulted in a total of 364 unique genes varied at least twofold in terms of accumulation. Of these 364 genes, 53 were upregulated, and 311were downregulated. A gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were widely distributed among the molecular function, biological processes, and cellular component categories,reflecting a broad spectrum of the analyzed transcriptome. Genes that play important roles in cuticulogenesis and metabolic detoxification were detected by GOs and pathway enrichment analyses. This study, an attempt to relate new possible biomarkers for assessing secondary effects of DFB on M. alternatus,will assist in DFB future use for controlling M. alternatus and other Lepidoptera insects.

Effects of TETA or TEPA Loading on CO2 Adsorption Properties Using Pore-Expanded KIT-6 as Support

Jianwen Wei,Dejun Mei,Zhifeng Lin,Linlin Geng,Siqi Chen,Lei Liao 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.4

Mesoporous silica pore-expanded KIT-6 was synthesized using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the silica source, tri-block copolymer (P123) as a structure-directing agent and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB) as swelling agents by a hydrothermal method. Then, pore-expanded KIT-6 (PE-KIT-6) was modified with different amounts of amines including triethylenetetramine (TETA) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) by a post-synthetic impregnation method. The samples were characterized by small-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption/desorption, elemental analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Experimental results revealed that the modifiers were introduced into the samples and the CO2 adsorption capacity increased first and then decreased with the increase of TETA/TEPA loadings. Under the same loadings of TETA/TEPA, the samples modified by TEPA exhibited better CO2 adsorption capacities than the samples modified by TETA because TEPA has one more amine group than TETA in the molecule. The results also indicated that the samples had good adsorption capacities at the loadings ranging from 30% to 35%. Among them, the sample modified by TEPA with the loading of 35% had the maximum adsorption capacity of 2.9mmol/g. After five cycles of adsorption/desorption, the adsorption capacity only dropped 4.59%, indicating that the adsorbent of PE-KIT-6 modified by TEPA has good cyclic stability.

Control Flow Checking at Virtual Edges

( Liping Liu ),( Linlin Ci ),( Wei Liu ),( Hui Yang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.1

Dynamically checking the integrity of software at run-time is always a hot and difficult spot for trusted computing. Control-flow integrity is a basic and important safety property of software integrity. Many classic and emerging security attacks who introduce illegal control-flow to applications can cause unpredictable behaviors of computer-based systems. In this paper, we present a software-based approach to checking violation of control flow integrity at run-time. This paper proposes a high-performance and low-overhead software control flow checking solution, control flow checking at virtual edges (CFCVE). CFCVE assigns a unique signature to each basic block and then inserts a virtual vertex into each edge at compile time. This together with insertion of signature updating instructions and checking instructions into corresponding vertexes and virtual vertexes. Control flow faults can be detected by comparing the run-time signature with the saved one at compile time. Our experimental results show that CFCVE incurs only 10.61% performance overhead on average for several C benchmark programs and the average undetected error rate is only 9.29%. Compared with previous techniques, CFCVE has the characteristics of both high fault coverage and low memory and performance overhead.

A Topological Transformation and Hierarchical Compensation Capacitor Control in Segmented On-road Charging System for Electrical Vehicles

Han Liu,Linlin Tan,Xueliang Huang,Jinpeng Guo,Changxin Yan,Wei Wang 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.4

Experiencing power declines when the secondary coil is at the middle position between two primary coils is a serious problem in segmented on-road charging systems with a single energized segmented primary coil. In this paper, the topological transformation of a primary circuit and a hierarchical compensation capacitor control are proposed. Firstly, the corresponding compensation capacitors and receiving powers of different primary structures are deduced under the condition of a fixed frequency. Then the receiving power characteristics as a function of the position variations in systems with a single energized segmented primary coil and those with double segmented primary coils are analyzed comparatively. A topological transformation of the primary circuit and hierarchical compensation capacitor control are further introduced to solve the foregoing problem. Finally, an experimental prototype with the proposed topological transformation and hierarchical compensation capacitor control is carried out. Measured results show that the receiving power is a lot more stable in the movement of the secondary coil. It is a remarkable fact that the receiving power rises from 10.8W to 19.2W at the middle position between the two primary coils. The experimental are in agreement with the theoretical analysis.

Identifying SDC-Causing Instructions Based on Random Forests Algorithm

( Liping Liu ),( Linlin Ci ),( Wei Liu ),( Hui Yang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.3

Silent Data Corruptions (SDCs) is a serious reliability issue in many domains of computer system. The identification and protection of the program instructions that cause SDCs is one of the research hotspots in computer reliability field at present. A lot of solutions have already been proposed to solve this problem. However, many of them are hard to be applied widely due to time-consuming and expensive costs. This paper proposes an intelligent approach named SDCPredictor to identify the instructions that cause SDCs. SDCPredictor identifies SDC-causing Instructions depending on analyzing the static and dynamic features of instructions rather than fault injections. The experimental results demonstrate that SDCPredictor is highly accurate in predicting the SDCs proneness. It can achieve higher fault coverage than previous similar techniques in a moderate time cost.