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- 저자 : Wei Liao (검색결과 142 건)
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Li Guang‐wei,Wang Hui‐min,Yang Wen‐tao,Chen Xiu‐lin,Li Bo‐liao,Chen Yu‐xin 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.10
The summer fruit tortrix moth Adoxophyes orana is a seriously damaged leaf roller pest for fruit trees. In this study, we evaluated the effect of five host plants (apple, Malus domestica B.; peach, Prunus persica var. nectarina; apricot, Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.; mulberry, Morus alba L.; and jujube, Ziziphus jujuba M.) on the development, survival, and fecundity of A. orana under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the development times of A. orana on jujube were significantly longer than those on the other four plants. The preimaginal survival rate was influenced by the host plants, which were fed during the larval stage, and with the highest on peach, followed by apple, apricot, and mulberry, and with the lowest on jujube. Adult females from larvae reared on apricot laid the greatest numbers of eggs (318.11 eggs per female), while that on apple, jujube, and mulberry was smaller, and no significant difference was observed among them. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was observed on peach and apricot; these two fruit trees were considered to be the most suitable host plant for A. orana because of the shorter developmental duration, higher survival rate, and the highest fecundity.
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Numerical Method with High Real-time Property Based on Shortest Path Algorithm for Optimal Control
Wei Liao,Xiaohui Wei,Jizhou Lai,Hao Sun 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.6
A numerical method consisting of an off-line part and an on-line part for optimal control problems is proposed in this paper. In the off-line part, the state space is discretized into a Cartesian grid structure and then define a graph over all grid points by connecting two points if the Euclidean norm between them is closer than a positive number called adjacent radius, the minimum cost between them is estimated using difference method and stored in a matrix. After that the matrix is updated by a shortest path algorithm and a matrix holding the information of the shortest paths between any two grid points is generated. In the on-line part, the optimal control vector at each time step can be generated by reading data from the matrix according to the current state and target state and doing some simple calculations. Since there is no need to do a lot of calculation in the on-line part, this method can satisfy the real-time requirements in some engineering control problems. We prove that the solution of the proposed method converge to the analytical solution when the adjacent radius and the grid size tend to zero and the grid size tend is a higher order infinitesimal of the adjacent radius. At the end of this paper, some numerical examples are taken to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Overexpression of Ornithine Decarboxylase Suppresses Thapsigargin-Induced Apoptosis
Wei-Chung Hsieh,Pei-Chen Hsu,Ya-Fan Liao,Shu-Ting Young,Zeng-Wei Wang,Chih-Li Lin,Gregory J. Tsay,Huei Lee,Hui-Chih Hung,Guang-Yaw Liu 한국분자세포생물학회 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.4
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key enzyme of poly-amine biosynthesis, has paradoxical roles in apoptosis. Our published papers show overexpression of ODC pre-vents the apoptosis induced by many cytotoxic drugs. Thapsigargin (TG) is an inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic/en-doplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pumps and causes ER stress-induced apoptosis. We used ODC overexpressing cell lines to examine whether overexpres-sion of ODC inhibits TG-induced apoptosis. Our results indicated overexpression of ODC attenuated TG-induced apoptosis. Overexpression of ODC blocked procaspse-4 cleavage and phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER-resident kinase (PERK), triggered by TG. It also attenuated the increase in CAAT/enhancer binding protein homolo-gous protein (CHOP). Cells with overexpressed ODC had greater Bcl-2 expression. Overexpression of ODC pre-served the expression of Bcl-2, inhibited the increase in Bak and stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential without the influences of TG. Cytochrome c release and downstream caspase activation were blocked. That is, overexpression of ODC inhibits the mitochondria-medi-ated apoptotic pathway, induced by TG. Finally, overex-pression of ODC maintains the protein and mRNA expres-sion of SERCA. In conclusion, overexpression of ODC suppresses TG-induced apoptosis by blocking caspase-4 activation and PERK phosphorylation, attenuating CHOP expression and inhibiting the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway.
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Overexpression of Ornithine Decarboxylase Suppresses Thapsigargin-Induced Apoptosis
Hsieh, Wei-Chung,Hsu, Pei-Chen,Liao, Ya-Fan,Young, Shu-Ting,Wang, Zeng-Wei,Lin, Chih-Li,Tsay, Gregory J.,Lee, Huei,Hung, Hui-Chih,Liu, Guang-Yaw Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.4
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, has paradoxical roles in apoptosis. Our published papers show overexpression of ODC prevents the apoptosis induced by many cytotoxic drugs. Thapsigargin (TG) is an inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) $Ca^{2+}$ ATPase (SERCA) pumps and causes ER stress-induced apoptosis. We used ODC overexpressing cell lines to examine whether overexpression of ODC inhibits TG-induced apoptosis. Our results indicated overexpression of ODC attenuated TG-induced apoptosis. Overexpression of ODC blocked procaspse-4 cleavage and phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER-resident kinase (PERK), triggered by TG. It also attenuated the increase in CAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). Cells with overexpressed ODC had greater Bcl-2 expression. Overexpression of ODC preserved the expression of Bcl-2, inhibited the increase in Bak and stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential without the influences of TG. Cytochrome c release and downstream caspase activation were blocked. That is, overexpression of ODC inhibits the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway, induced by TG. Finally, overexpression of ODC maintains the protein and mRNA expression of SERCA. In conclusion, overexpression of ODC suppresses TG-induced apoptosis by blocking caspase-4 activation and PERK phosphorylation, attenuating CHOP expression and inhibiting the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway.
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Scour depth evaluation of a bridge with a complex pier foundation
Kuo-Wei Liao,Yasunori Muto,Jhe-Yu Lin 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.7
A scour depth prediction formula for a river bridge is established using experimental data in which the effects of the pier, pile-capand pile group are considered. More than 170 experimental data entries, including different pier structural sizes, flow depths and soilcovering depths, are collected and verified by existing formulae, which failed to deliver a promising prediction. A machine learningprediction model was then developed to enhance the accuracy. For application purpose, a sequential quadratic programmingoptimization was adopted to construct an explicit prediction formula. The MAPE was significantly improved from 102.8 to 28.9. Theresults indicate that the proposed formula can simultaneously satisfy the requirements of accuracy and simplicity. The proposedformula has the advantages of being conceptually consistent with observed scour behaviors and provides a solid scour depthprediction, which is an important and critical step in the bridge safety evaluation if floods are considered.
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Sha Liao,Shi-Yong Fan,Qin Liu,Chang-Kun L,Jia Chen,Jing-Lai Li,Zhi-Wei Zhang,Zhen-Qing Zhang,Bo-Hua Zhong,Jian-Wei Xie 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.11
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection maylead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, butfew drugs are available for its treatment. Acyclic nucleosidephosphonates (ANPs) have remarkable antivirusactivities but are not easily absorbed from the gastrointestinaltract and accumulate in the kidneys, resulting innephrotoxicity. Therefore, there is a need to find effectiveliver site-specific prodrugs. The dipivaloyloxymethyl esterof 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA)—adefovirdipivoxil (ADV)—is a first-line therapy drug forchronic hepatitis B with a low therapeutic index because ofrenal toxicity and low hepatic uptake. In this study, a seriesof PMEA derivatives were synthesized to enhance plasmastability and liver release. The metabolic stability of ADV(Chemical I) and its two analogues (Chemicals II and III)was evaluated in rat plasma and liver homogenate in vitro. An ion-pair reverse-phase HPLC–UV method and a hybridion trap and high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-IT-TOF-MS) were used to evaluate the degradationrate of the analogues and to identify their intermediatemetabolites, respectively. Chemicals I and II were hydrolyzedby cleavage of the C–O bond to give monoesters. Sufficient enzymatic activation in the liver homogenatethrough a relatively simple metabolic pathway, in additionto a favorable stability profile in rat plasma, made ChemicalII an optimal candidate. Next, six analogues based onthe structure of Chemical II were synthesized and evaluatedin plasma and liver homogenate. Compared toChemical II, these compounds generated less active PMEAlevels in rat liver homogenate. Therefore, chemical modificationof Chemical II may lead to new promising PMEAderivatives with enhanced plasma stability and liveractivation.
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Evaluating NFV-enabled Network Slicing for 5G Core
Chia-Wei Liao,Fuchun Joseph Lin,Yoichi Sato 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09
Network slicing enables a single physical network be sliced into multiple virtual networks. Each is customized and optimized according to specific 5G services and business goals. It can accommodate QoS heterogeneity of different 5G vertical services with isolation. In this research, we realize 5G mobile core network slicing based on the NFV (Network Functions Virtualisation) MANO (MANagement and Orchestration) architecture. Our prototype leverages open sources from both OpenStack Tacker and NCTU free5GC to creates 5G core network slicing based on its Network Service Descriptor (NSD). We evaluate and compare the performance between the multiple network slicing system and the one-slice-fits-all single slicing system using three eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand) services of different QoS levels. Our test results show that the former can achieve better throughput and response time than the latter with the tradeoff of increasing its CPU consumption.
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Reliability-based Evaluation of River-bridge Flood Resistance Ability Via a Visual Inspection Table
Kuo-Wei Liao,Bang-Ho Wu,Wei-Lun Chen 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.9
This research establishes a reliability-based preliminary evaluation table for assessing river-bridge flood resistance. Flood resistance for a river-bridge is affected by numerous factors, including bridge structure, river environment, hydrology, and riverbank protection infrastructure. Flood resistance assessment is a complex issue that involves multiple areas of expertise. A comprehensive assessment process is extremely time-consuming and difficult to implement in practice, especially given the limited time and resources. Many bridges require risk evaluations. A preliminary visual inspection is often conducted in response to these problems. The primary issue with visual inspection is the high subjectivity regarding the understanding and standards for the various indicators. To solve this issue, a Bayesian Network (BN) is proposed to combine the contributions from experts and reliability analyses. Eight bridges are selected for performing FOSM-based reliability calculations using a parameterized ABAQUS model. An ideal preliminary inspection table enables a close relationship with the failure probability that is calculated from an advance analysis. Thus, PSO is employed to maximize the correlation between the scores obtained from the visual inspection table and the failure probability calculated from the BN to establish a reliability-based visual inspection table that provides a strong foundation for a bridge risk analysis.
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