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Choi, S. W.,Bae, W. J.,Ha, U. S.,Hong, S. H.,Lee, J. Y.,Kim, S. W.,Cho, H. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 World journal of urology Vol.35 No.3
<P>To investigate the factors predictive of surgical outcomes of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (TPCNL) and to compare the predictability and accuracy of the Guy's stone score, S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry, and CROES nomogram. We reviewed retrospectively the surgical outcomes recorded consecutively and imaging data of preoperative computed tomography scans of 141 patients who had undergone TPCNL from June 2012 to October 2015. Guy's, S.T.O.N.E., and CROES stone-scoring systems (SSSs) and other prognostic factors were assessed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. The initial stone-free and complication rates after TPCNL were 78.7 (111/141) and 17.0 % (24/141). On univariate analysis, all three scoring systems were identified as significant factors in terms of stone-free rate (SFR). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the Guy's stone score and stone burden 385 mm(2) had significant correlations with stone-free status [odds ratios (OR) = 3.220, p = 0.001 and OR = 6.451, p = 0.002, respectively]. Guy's stone score (OR = 1.879, p = 0.013) was an independent risk factor for the development of complications. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the Guy's, S.T.O.N.E., and CROES SSSs and stone burden showed good results (0.821, 0.816, 0.820, and 0.800, respectively). Pairwise comparison of ROC curves showed that there was no significant difference between each final score and stone burden. Of the three scoring systems, Guy's stone score was the only significant predictive factor for SFR and complication rates after TPCNL in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Stone burden was significantly associated with a postoperative stone-free status (SFS).</P>
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이상희 ( S. H. Lee ),김영근 ( Y. K. Kim ),강태경 ( T. G. Kang ),김성우 ( S. W. Kim ),최용 ( Y. Choi ),전현종 ( H. J. Jun ),최일수 ( I. S. Choi ),현창식 ( C. S. Hyun ) 한국농업기계학회 2016 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.2
감자는 국내에서 재배되는 주요 밭작물로 감자의 소비량은 증가하고 있지만, 재배면적은 2000년 29,400ha에서 2014년 22,000ha로 감소하고 있는 추세이며 생산량 또한 2000년 704,6000톤에서 2014년 590,000톤으로 감소하고 있다. 현재 감자의 수확작업은 굴취기를 이용하여 굴취한 후 인력으로 수집하는 형태로 감자 생산 총 노동시간 58.0hr/10a 중 수집 작업에 소요되는 시간이 17.1hr/10a에 달하며 농촌 노동력 감소와 고령화로 인해 수집형 감자 수확기 개발 요구가 높아지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 감자의 생력재배(Labor saving cultivation)를 높이기 위해 수집형 감자수확기개발을 위한 굴취날 각도 및 이송속도에 따른 요인실험을 수행 하였다. 수집형 감자 수확기는 트랙터 부착형으로 굴취날 각도 3수준(20, 23, 26°), 이송속도 3수준(0.3, 0.4, 0.5m/s)으로 조절할 수 있도록 제작하였다. 굴취날은 각도 별로 3개를 제작하여 날을 교체하는 방식으로 제작하였고, 시험은 평창 감자밭에서 이루어졌으며 시험포장의 토성은 양토였다. 굴취율은 3m구간 굴취 후 굴취된 개수와 미굴취 감자의 개수를 비교하였으며 3반복 측정 하였다. 이송속도는 모터 회전수를 제어할 수 있는 모터 컨트롤러를 따로 제작하여 기체는 정지시키고 이송부만 작동하며 실험하였다. 이송속도 별로 1회에 시료 50개를 투입하여 총 3반복 실험하였으며 표피손상과 형태가 파손된 것을 손상으로 간주하였다. 실험에 사용된 감자의 물성은 크기와 무게를 조사하였으며 평균 가로 75.4±6.26mm, 세로 62.5±5.3mm, 높이 81.7±7.67mm, 무게는 230.7±45.6g이었다. 수집형 감자 수확기의 굴취 및 이송 요인별로 시험하여 감자 굴취율, 이송손상 및 수집손상을 조사한 결과 굴취날 각도에 따른 굴취율은 감자수집에 미치는 영향이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 굴취날 각도 20, 23°에서는 약 99%로 수집되었으며, 26°의 굴취각에서는 모두 수집되었다. 또한 이송속도에 따른 이송부 및 수집부의 감자손상 및 손상률 시험결과 이송부손상률은 0.3m/s에서 2.67%, 0.4m/s에서 3.33%, 0.5m/s에서 6.67%로 0.5m/s의 이송속도에서 손상율 증가폭이 크게 상승하였다. 수집부 손상율 또한 0.3m/s에서 2%, 0.4m/s에서 2.67%, 0.5m/s에서 약 6.67%로 0.5m/s의 이송속도에서 증가폭이 크게 상승하였다. 따라서 본 연구의 수집형 감자 수확기는 작업속도, 감자손상 및 손상율을 고려할 때 0.4m/s의 이송속도에서 수확 시 가장 적절할것으로 판단하였다.
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Role of the Meckel’s Cartilage in Embryonic Mandibular Development of Mice
J. W Choi,S. B Han,J. H Sung,H. I Shin 대한구강악안면병리학회 2005 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.29 No.5
Mecke!'s car t ilage is one of the ea rliest structu re to appear in a mandible derived from the lï rst branchi a l a rch and serves as the primorclium I"or the formation 01‘ mandible‘ mall eus. incus. and sphenomandibular li gament However. its direct role a nd the mechanism in mandibular clevelopment a re not well elucidated. 1'0 address t his Issue‘ we observed morphol ogical and histological changes and gene expression patterns in the Mecke!'s cart ilage 01" a cleveloping mouse. I"rom E13.5 to E18.5 embryos. using skeletal preparation samples a ncl routinely prepa red s lide secti ons for light mi croscopic observation in various sectional planes. The following methods were per |‘ ormecl : H&E staining I"or general hi st이 og i cal observation ‘ Von Kossafor detection of minerali zation. TRAP activ ity staining for locali zaLion 01’ osteoclastic cell s. immunohistochemistry for !Iα@-1 a ncl -9 forevaluati on of enzy matic activity 01" osteoclasLic cell s. a ncl in situ hybricli zation for detection of collagen type 1. Il. ancl X mRNA ex presslon‘ respecLively. AL E1 3.5 Mec kel's cartilage appeared as a V-shaped rod fused a t the micl line and thin minera li zed ma ndibular buccal plaLe was I"ormed lateral to. and at some clistance from. Meckel’s carti lage in an intramembranous ossi lïcation mocle. WiLh the progression of tooth development. t he Meckel’s in carti lage adjacent incisors revealecl hyperLrophi c chonclrocyte di ff"er entiation with minerali zation of the chondroid matrix. The Meckel’s car Li lage was replacecl with bone by o~ L eoc l asLs . showing strong immunoreact ivity for MMP- l ancl -9 from E16 5 Wi Lh ti me‘ Lhis bony replacement of Meckel's cartilage in an endochondral ossification mode was ex Lenclecl up Lo the mid-porLion of Lhe molar sockets til l EI8.5. The bony replacement of minera li zed hypertrophic chondrocyte zone expressing X collagen mHNA conLri buted to the formation of thick mandibular lingual plate . 1'hese f"i ndings suggesL LhaL mandibular formalion and development is closely relatecl with not only Mecke!'s carLi lage. buL also wiLh Lhc developing LooLh. and thaL C'erLai n in f"l uence from the developing tooth may play a role in detcrmin in g Lhe faLc of Meckel’s ca rLi lage cluring ma ndi bular development.
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계단형 텅스텐 결정면의 질소 흡착에 관한 연구 : Ⅱ. W(210) 및 W(310)면
최대선(D. S. Choi),한종훈(J. H. Han),백선목(S. M. Paik),박노길(N. G. Park),김욕욱(Y. W. Kim),황정남(C. N. Whang) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1996 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.5 No.4
장전자 방출법으로 텡스텐 (210)면 및 (310)면(100)면의 질소 흡착에 의한 일함수의 변화에 heat of desorption을 측정하였으며 Thermal Desortion Spectra(TDS) 결과로부터 adsorption site를 예측하였다. 텅스텐 (210)면 및 (310)면에 에 질소가 흡착될 때 흡착율에 따라 일함수는 증가하다가 각 면에 대하여 흡착율 5 Langmuir일때 최대 변화량 0.29 eV및 0.20 eV에서 포화되었다. TDS 결과는 이 면들은 낮은 dose의 영역에서 각각 3개의 흡착 site가 있음을 보였으며 이 흡착 site들 중 α₁state의 spectrum의 강도는 (210)면에서 보다 (310)면에서 상대적으로 강해짐을 보였다. 또한 (210)와 (310)면의 α₁ 과 β₂ state의 흡착 site에 흡착된 질소의 dipole moment의 방향은 이 흡착 site들에 대응되는 (100)면의 α₁ 과 β₂state의 흡착 site에 흡착된 질소의 dipole moment의 방향과 반대 방향으로 측정되었으며 이 현상으로부터 질소의 상대적인 흡착 위치를 예측하였다. The heat of desorption and the work function change induced by nitrogen adsorption on the stepped tungstein surface planes, W(210) and W(310), are measured using the Field Electron Emission Microscope(FEM). The adsoption sites are predicted from the Thermal Desortion Spectra(TDS). The work function change of both W(210) and W(310) planes increase as increasing the nitrogen dose and saturates at the nitrogen dose about 5 Langmuir to 0.29 eV and 0.20 ev respectively. We find three adsorption site on each plane for the low dose range. The TDS result shows that the intensity of α₁, state on W(310) is much stronger than that of α₁ state on W(210), and the direction of nitrogen dipole moment adsorbed on the sites correspond to α₁, and β₂ states on W(210) and W(310) planes are in the opposite direction to that of the equivalent states on W(100) plane. From this observation we can predict the relative atomic position in the zdirection (perpendicular direction to the surface) of nitrogen molecules/atoms adsorbed on these sites.
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1987년 한국에서 발생한 렙토스피라병의 혈청역학적 조사
이증훈,박영수,이우곤,김석용,정선식,우준희,박성광,박경희,송영욱,김선영,기정일,최두혁,강성귀,김주완,최강원,김우열,최명식,최인학,장우현,윤성열 대한감염학회 1988 감염 Vol.20 No.3
Human leptospirosis was an unfamiliar disease in Korea until 1984 that outbreak of leptospirosis occurred among farmers and soldiers after field works for harvesting rice. During that time, Lee and Jo confirmed the first Korean cases of leptospirosis by serological test, isolation of causative agent and autopy findings. Afterward several outbreaks occurred also during autumn especially after flood in every years and some characterisitcs of leptospirosis in Korea such as clinical manifestations, serotypes and seroepidemiological features has been revealed by many investigators. Because of the major mode of transmission between rodents and human is by direct contact with leptospiral urine of rodents or contaminated soil by the urine, leptospirosis in Korea has been primarily a disease of person in occupations heavily exposed to contaminated soil or infected urine such as farmer, army and etc. Therefore it seems that leptospirosis is one of the main communicable diseases to be controlled urgently in Korea, for an agricultural people account for almost half of total Korean people. For clarifying the seroepidemiological patterns of human leptospirosis in Korea by sex, month region and main reacting serovars of L. interrogans among acute febrile disease occurred in 1987, 1,773 patient's sers with acute febrile episodes were tested by microagglutination test using 19 representative strains of leptospiral serogroup as antigen. All of those sera were collected from 10 collaborative clinics located in Kyunggi, Kangwon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Chonbuk, Chonnam province and Seoul. The results wee summerized as follows. 1) Among 1,773 sera of patients with acute febrile episodes, 219 (12.4%) were seropositive to L. interrogans, 487(27.5%) to R. tsutsugamushi, 241(13.6%) to R.typhi and 160(90.0%) to Hantaan virus. 2) Among seropositives to L.interrogans, the male outnumbered the female, 65% and 35%. 3) For age distribution, 26.9% of seropositives to L.interrogans were fifties, 19.6% were forties, 9.1% were sixties, 5.9% were thirties and 4.1% were twenties. 4) Eighty three percent of seropositives had occurred between September and October in 1987 with a peak in September. 5) Main leptospiral serovars reactive to patient's sera were Icterohaemorrhagiae(54.3%), Canicola(31.0%), CH-48(13.2%), Tarassovi(0.9%)and Cynopteri(0.5%). 6) For regional distribution, 65.8% of seropositives to L.interrogans were residents from Chonbuk, 12.3% were Chonnam, 7.3% were Chungnam, 5.5% were Kyunggi and 1.4% were Kangwon.
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김종화 ( C H Kim ),이동민 ( D H Lee ),김용성 ( Y S Kim ),최보금 ( B G Choi ),박주형 ( J H Park ),김신재 ( S J Kim ),이치국 ( C K Lee ),전현순 ( H S Jeon ),류완희 ( W H Yoo ),곽재용 ( J Y Kwak ),백홍선 ( H S Baek ) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2001 全北醫大論文集 Vol.25 No.1
ASU 치료는 증상을 갖고 있는 슬관절의 골관절염 환자의 통증 개선과 관절 기능을 호전시키고, 약물투여 중지 후에 지속효과를 갖는 증상개선 약제로서 안전하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 소염진통제인 naproxen과의 병용치료와의 비교에서는 병용치료 군에서 효과의 발현시기와 전반적인 평가에서는 우월하였으나, 부작용이 보다 많이 발생하였다. 따라서 ASU를 골관절염의 약물치료의 한 방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 보이며, 단순진통제 및 소염진통제 등의 약물 등과 같이 단일요법으로서의 사용과 다른 약물과의 병용치료의 효과 및 안정성에 대해서는 보다 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다. Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety between avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) alone and ASU-naproxen combination in the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and to determine persistent efficacy after stopping medication and gastrointestinal tolerability. Methods: One hundred twenty-five patients with symptomatic OA of the knee were included in 20-week trial with 12-week treatment period and 8-weeks post-treatment follow-up. Efficacy was evaluated by Lequesne`s index (LI), pain score (VAS; visual analong scale. 10cm) at 4-week interval during the study and physician`s and patient`s global assessment at 20th week. Gastrointestinal side effects were evaluated by questionnaire for gastrointestinal symptoms and number of the ingested antacids during the study. Results: Sixty-three patients were received ASU alone, while sixty-two patients were received ASU and naproxen. Mean±SD scores of pain VAS score were reased from baseline at 8th and 12th weeks after medication in the former groups and 4th, 8th and 12th weeks in the latter groups. Mean±SD scores of LI were decreased from baseline at 12th week after medication in the former groups and 4th, 8th, 12th week in the latter groups. Both scores of LI and pain VAS were maintained at 8th week after stopping medication. The scores of LI and pain VAS scale were significantly decreased in combination group than ASU alone group at 4th and 8th weeks, but tended to lower in combination group at 12th week and post-treatment period. The improvement of physician`s global assessment was seen in 65.4% of combination and 53.2% of ASU alone group. The patient`s global assessment was similar to it. Twenty-six patients (20.8%) could not complete the 20-week study and the causes are different in two groups: side effects are more common cause in combination group and low efficacy and non-compliance were more common in ASU alone group. Gastrointestinal side effects are the most common adverse effects of the both groups, and the frequencies are more common in patients received naproxen as a combination therapy. Conclusion: ASU showed immediate and persistent efficacy in the treatment of patients with symptomatic OA of the knee. The combination of ASU and naproxen was more effective than ASU alone during the treatment period, but similar at post-treatment period. Gastrointestinal side effects were more frequent in combination group than ASU alone.
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