Development and evaluation of an anti-rabies virus phosphoprotein-specific monoclonal antibody for detection of rabies neutralizing antibodies using RFFIT

Um, Jihye,Chun, Byung Chul,Lee, Yeong Seon,Hwang, Kyu Jam,Yang, Dong-Kun,Park, Jun-Sun,Kim, Su Yeon Public Library of Science 2017 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.11 No.12

<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Rabies is a major public health problem with a fatality rate close to 100%; however, complete prevention can be achieved through pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis. The rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) is one of the recommended testing methods to determine the production of neutralizing antibodies after vaccination. Here, we report the development of a new monoclonal antibody (mAb) designed to react specifically with <I>Rabies virus</I> (RABV) phosphoprotein (P protein), and the evaluation of its applicability to the RFFIT and its effectiveness as a diagnostic reagent for human rabies.</P><P><B>Methodology/principal findings</B></P><P>The mAb KGH P 16B8 was produced to target the P protein of the Korean KGH RABV strain. An indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was conducted to detect various strains of RABV in various cell lines. Alexa-conjugated KGH P 16B8 (16B8-Alexa) was developed for the RFFIT. The IFA test could detect RABV up to a 1:2,500 dilution, with a detection limit comparable to that of a commercial diagnostic reagent. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the RFFIT using 16B8-Alexa in 414 clinical specimens were 98.67%, 99.47%, 99.55%, and 98.42%, respectively. The results of the RFFIT with 16B8-Alexa were strongly correlated with those obtained using an existing commercial diagnostic reagent (r = 0.995, <I>p</I><0.001).</P><P><B>Conclusions/significance</B></P><P>The mAb developed in this study shows high sensitivity and specificity, confirming its clinical utility with the RFFIT to measure the rabies neutralizing antibody titer and establish a diagnosis in human. Thus, 16B8-Alexa is expected to serve as an alternative diagnostic reagent that is widely accessible, with potentially broad applications beyond those of the RFFIT in Korea. Further studies with 16B8-Alexa should provide insight into the immunological mechanism of the P protein of Korean RABV.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author summary</B></P><P>Rabies represents a significant cause of fatality upon presentation of symptoms; however, pre- or timely post-exposure prophylaxis can provide complete protection to a population. The current reagents available for laboratory tests to determine the level of <I>Rabies virus</I> (RABV) neutralizing antibodies are not readily accessible in several regions, including Korea, and are associated with time and economic constraints owing to the import process. To resolve these issues, we developed a new monoclonal antibody with a fluorescent marker (16B8-Alexa) that targets the RABV phosphoprotein from a recent Korean isolate. We show its good detection ability, specificity, and sensitivity, demonstrating highly concordant results with those obtained with a standard commercial reagent using over 400 clinical samples applied to a World Health Organization-recommended diagnostic test. Thus, 16B8-Alexa shows great potential to resolve the current limitations in rabies diagnosis and monitoring in Korea, and is expected to serve as a valuable research tool for immunological studies on RABV.</P></▼2>

Booster BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination Increases Neutralizing Antibody Titers Against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Both Young and Elderly Adults

Jihye Um,Youn Young Choi,Gayeon Kim,Min-Kyung Kim,Kyung-Shin Lee,Ho Kyung Sung,Byung Chul Kim,Yoo-kyoung Lee,Hee-Chang Jang,Ji Hwan Bang,Ki-hyun Chung,Myoung-don Oh,Jun-Sun Park,Jaehyun Jeon 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.9

Concerns about the effectiveness of current vaccines against the rapidly spreading severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) variant are increasing. This study aimed to assess neutralizing antibody activity against the wild-type (BetaCoV/Korea/ KCDC03/2020), delta, and omicron variants after full primary and booster vaccinations with BNT162b2. A plaque reduction neutralization test was employed to determine 50% neutralizing dilution (ND50) titers in serum samples. ND50 titers against the omicron variant (median [interquartile range], 5.3 [< 5.0–12.7]) after full primary vaccination were lower than those against the wild-type (144.8 [44.7–294.0]) and delta (24.3 [14.3–81.1]) variants. Furthermore, 19/30 participants (63.3%) displayed lower ND50 titers than the detection threshold (< 10.0) against omicron after full primary vaccination. However, the booster vaccine significantly increased ND50 titers against BetaCoV/Korea/KCDC03/2020, delta, and omicron, although titers against omicron remained lower than those against the other variants (P < 0.001). Our study suggests that booster vaccination with BNT162b2 significantly increases humoral immunity against the omicron variant.

Coprisamides A and B, New Branched Cyclic Peptides from a Gut Bacterium of the Dung Beetle <i>Copris tripartitus</i>

Um, Soohyun,Park, So Hyun,Kim, Jihye,Park, Hyen Joo,Ko, Keebeom,Bang, Hea-Son,Lee, Sang Kook,Shin, Jongheon,Oh, Dong-Chan American Chemical Society 2015 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.17 No.5

<P>Coprisamides A and B (<B>1</B> and <B>2</B>) were isolated from a bacterium in the gut of the dung beetle <I>Copris tripartitus</I>. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that the planar structures of <B>1</B> and <B>2</B> are novel cyclic heptapeptides bearing unusual units, such as β-methylaspartic acid and 2,3-diaminopropanoic acid branched to valine and 2-heptatrienyl cinnamic acid. Absolute configurations were established by chemical derivatization and chiroptical spectroscopy. The coprisamides displayed significant activity for induction of quinone reductase.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/orlef7/2015/orlef7.2015.17.issue-5/acs.orglett.5b00249/production/images/medium/ol-2015-00249s_0002.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ol5b00249'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Redox-Neutral Rh(III)-Catalyzed Olefination of Carboxamides with Trifluoromethyl Allylic Carbonate

Park, Jihye,Han, Sangil,Jeon, Mijin,Mishra, Neeraj Kumar,Lee, Seok-Yong,Lee, Jong Suk,Kwak, Jong Hwan,Um, Sung Hee,Kim, In Su American Chemical Society 2016 Journal of organic chemistry Vol.81 No.22

<P>The rhodium(III)-catalyzed olefination of various carboxamides with alpha-CF3-substituted allylic carbonate is described. This reaction provides direct access to linear CF3-allyl frameworks with complete trans-selectivity. In particular, a rhodium catalyst provided Heck-type gamma-CF3-allylation products via the beta-O-elimination of rhodacycle intermediate and subsequent olefin migration process.</P>

작약의 고체발효에 따른 지표성분의 함량분석

이지혜(Jihye Lee),엄영란(Youngran Um),박화용(Hwayong Park),이재훈(Jaehoon Lee),마진열(Jinyeul Ma) 한국한의학연구원 2009 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was investigation of quantitative analysis of marker substances in Paeonia lactiflora extracts by solid fermentation. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of albiflorin and paeoniflorin in P. lactiflora extracts by solid fermentation, the separation method was performed on C18 column (250 ㎜ × 4.6 ㎜, 5 ㎛, RS tech) using gradient solvent mixtures of water-acetonitrile with photodiode array detector (230㎚). The flow rate was 1.0 ㎖/min. Retention time of albiflorin and paeoniflorin was about 28.88, 31.92 min and linearity of calibration was showed good result(r2 = 0.9998, 0.9996), respectively. Content of albiflorin was 0.090 ± 0.03% in P. lactiflora extract(control), 0.102 ± 0.00% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Paecilomyces japonica, 0.056 ± 0.01% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Ganoderma lucidum, 0.093 ± 0.00% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with honey and 0.046 ± 0.00% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Nuruk. Content of paeoniflorin was 4.506 ± 0.13% in control, 2.599 ± 0.04% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Paecilomyces japonica, 1.222 ± 0.03% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Ganoderma lucidum, 2.750 ± 0.05% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with honey and 0.847 ± 0.00% in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Nuruk, respectively. Content of the marker substances did not increase in all fermentation experiment group.

Estimation of the Social Discount Rate (SDR) with Climate Change Uncertainty: The Case of Korea

Kang, Jihye,Um, Je Hee,Jung, Tae Yong,Kim, Donghun 한국기후변화학회 2019 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.10 No.4

HPLC를 이용한 고체발효 당귀의 지표성분 분석

엄영란(Youngran Um),이지혜(Jihye Lee),마진열(Jinyeul Ma) 한국한의학연구원 2010 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was investigation of quantitative analysis of marker substances in solid fermented Angelicae Gigantis Radix by High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). HPLC was performed for determination of nodakenin and decursin in solid fermented Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract, the separation method was performed on C18 column (250 ㎜ × 4.6 ㎜, 5 ㎛, RS tech) using gradient solvent mixtures of water-acetonitrile with photodiode array detector (330 nm). The flow rate was 1.0 ㎖/min. Retention time of nodakenin and decursin was about 11.47, 46.79 min and linearity of calibration was showed good result(r2=0.9999, 0.9999), respectively. Content of nodakenin was 0.76 ± 0.02% in control, 0.31 ± 0.00% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with Paecilomyces japonica(SDT)(p<0.01), 0.51 ± 0.02% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with Ganoderma lucidum(SYT)(p<0.01), 0.82 ± 0.03% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with honey(SST)(p<0.05) and 0.88 ± 0.01% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with Nuruk(SNT)(p<0.01). Content of decursin was 4.50 ± 0.08% in control, 2.90 ± 0.05% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with Paecilomyces japonica(SDT)(p<0.01), 2.65 ± 0.08% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with Ganoderma lucidum(SYT)(p<0.01), 4.46 ± 0.11% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with honey(SST) and 4.73 ± 0.04% in Angelicae Gigantis Radix extract fermented with Nuruk(SNT)(p<0.05), respectively.

수업의 과학성과 예술성 논의와 수업 비평

이혁규(Lee Hyugkyu),엄훈(Um Hoon),정정인(Chung Jungin),신지혜(Shin Jihye) 한국열린교육학회 2012 열린교육연구 Vol.20 No.2

이 연구의 목적은 수업 비평의 전제가 되고 있는 ‘수업은 예술’이라는 은유와 그 은유의 대립항을 이루고 있는 ‘수업은 과학’이라는 두 가지 은유에 대하여 그 함의를 수업의 본질과 교육학의 역사에 비추어 고찰하고, 이 두 가지 은유가 수업 비평과 어떻게 관련되는지를 살펴보는 것이다. 수업의 예술성에 대한 본격적인 언급은 듀이에게서 찾을 수 있으나 19세기 말 이후 교육학계를 휩쓴 과학주의의 조류에 휘말려 퇴조하다가 아이즈너 등의 교육학자들에 의해 새롭게 논의되었다. 교육계를 휩쓴 과학주의는 실증주의에 경도된 흐름으로 교육의 과학을 확립하려 노력한 일련의 심리학자들에 의해 주도되었으나 교육에 대한 질적 연구의 흐름 속에서 변화가 모색되게 되었다. 수업의 예술성과 수업의 과학성은 교육학의 역사에서 대립하는 패러다임으로 출발하였으나 최근의 교육 연구 및 현장 교사의 위상 변화에 따라 대립이 지양되고 상호보완하는 관계로 변화하고 있다. 수업 비평은 수업을 총체적으로 조망하고 그 의미를 드러내는 과정이므로 수업의 과학성과 수업의 예술성이 상호참조적으로 검토되어야 한다. 수업 비평이 수업의 과학성과 예술성 모두를 감식의 대상으로 삼을 때 수업의 과학성이 지닌 맥락 타당성이 확인되기도 하고 예술적 실천의 과학적 의미가 조명되기도 하면서 수업을 보는 안목의 지평이 확장될 것이기 때문이다. This study aims to explore the meaning of the two opposite pair metaphors ‘teaching as art’ and ‘teaching as science’ in terms of the characteristics of teaching and history of educational research. Additionally the study considered the two metaphors’ implication in class criticism. The academic consideration on the ‘art’ of teaching can be found in the work of John Dewey, but his concern for the ‘teaching as art’ has been ignored in the flood of positivist science of education. Following on from that, Elliot W. Eisner and other scholars began to discuss the artistic aspects of education. The trend of positivist science of education had been led by a company of psychologists who had intended to establish the ‘science of education’ by the methodology of physical science. However, recently some qualitative researchers are searching for new trends in educational science. The metaphors ‘teaching as art’ and ‘teaching as science’ have been used as an opposite pair in the opposite paradigms through the last century, but recently they began to consider the pair as complementary in the trends of the qualitative researches and the status change of school teachers. The class criticism, which is a process of seeing the class as a whole and finding meaning within it, should make cross-reference to the ‘art’ and the ‘science’ of a teaching. When the class criticism shows off its connoisseurship on the scientific and artistic aspects of a teaching altogether, it can reveal the contextual validity of the educational science and shine a light on the scientific meaning of the artistic practices in a class, and it will lead to the expansion of the horizons of educational connoisseurship.

A Case of Human Mpox with Isolated Perianal Ulcers Development in Convalescent Phase

Yim Hong Soon,Um Jihye,Kim Hyang Su,Jeon Jaehyun,Kim Jin Seok,Choi Jae-Phil,Kim Min-Kyung,Kim Yeonjae,Park Jun-Sun,Chin Bum Sik 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.1

A 35-year-old man who returned from Germany developed fever, generalized pain, severe anal pain, and generalized skin rash, confirmed to be monkeypox (mpox). While he was previously confirmed to be human immunodeficiency virus infected, antiretroviral therapy ensured his immunocompetence. The mpox-related prodromal symptoms disappeared before isolation, and subsequent several vesicular skin lesions healed after admission. While moderate anal pain persisted for a few days, it improved during hospitalization. The mpox virus was no longer detected in samples taken from the upper respiratory tract and skin by polymerase chain reaction upon admission. However, isolated perianal ulcers developed after admission without any other mpox-related symptoms or signs, and a viable mpox virus was isolated from these ulcers. Considering the novel feature of asynchronous mucocutaneous lesion development in the current mpox epidemic, meticulous physical examination of newly developing lesions, especially in anogenital areas, should be performed during mpox management.

Separation of Light Rare-Earth Elements Using Gas-Pressurized Extraction Chromatography

( Namuk Kim ),( Jaiil Park ),( Wooyong Um ),( Jihye Kim ) 한국질량분석학회 2021 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.12 No.4

A new method for chemical separation of light rare-earth elements (LREEs) using gas-pressurized extraction chromatography (GPEC) is described. GPEC is a microscale column chromatography system that features a constant flow of solvents, which is created by pressurized nitrogen gas. The separation column with a Teflon tubing was packed with LN resin. The proposed GPEC method facilitates production of lesser chemical wastes and faster separation owing to the use of low solvent volume compared to traditional column chromatography. We evaluated the separation of Ba, La, Ce, and Nd using various elution solvents. The column reproducibility of the proposed GPEC system ranged from 2.4% to 4.9% with RSDs of recoveries, and the column-to-column reproducibility ranged from 3.1% to 6.3% with RSDs of recoveries. The proposed technique is robust, and it can be useful for the fast separation of LREEs.