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필러 모델 비율과 단어 누락률을 이용한 영어 문장 거부
김형태,하진영 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2006 정보통신논문지 Vol.10 No.-
Out-of-vocabulary word or sentence rejection can be used to improve the confidence of speech recognition systems. In this paper, we introduce a standard phoneme based sentence rejection system using filler models and word missing ratio. We found that better performance, in terms of minimizing the average of FAR and FRR, was achieved using filler model method than word missing ratio method form the experimental results. But the latter method used less computation resources than the former method, because it requires no extra models and recognition network is simpler Furthermore there is no extra efforts to build filler models in word missing ratio method.
김진환,이우태,김종혁 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1996 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
Composite membranes containing a metal complex as an oxygen carrier were prepared and tested for the capability of oxygen enrichment. The permeability characteristics of the membrane were measured by the volumetric method with the pressure difference ranging from 0.2 to 0.8Kg/cm². Both oxygen and nitrogen showed constant permeabilities, diffusion coefficients, and solubilities which do not depend on the pressure difference across the membrane. The metal complexes were also found to play a role of nitrogen carrier to a degree. For the case of the silicone membrane with Co(NO₃)₂.6H₂O complex, the permeability and the separation factor of oxygen were significantly improved to ??/cm³·cm/cm²·sec·cm-Hg and 2.7 respectively, at the pressure difference of 0.4Kg/cm². This improvement was attributed to the metal complex which acts as an oxygen carrier and thus increases the solubility of oxygen in the membrane.
약한 외부자장에 의한 유도결합형 플라즈마에서의 Helicon wave발생에 관한 연구
김상진,노태협,김곤호 한양대학교 이학기술연구소 2001 이학기술연구지 Vol.3 No.-
본 연구에서는 대면적 금속반응기에 I3.56MHz RF 전력을 인가하여 ICP(Inductively Coupled Plasma)를 발생하고, 외부에 약한 자기장(B<70G)을 인가하였을 때 플라즈마 내부에서 helicon wave의 전파현상을 관찰하였다. 기존의 ICP에 사용되는 안테나와 달리 직경이 서로 다른 두 개의 1turn 안테나를 직렬연결하여 안테나의 내부와 외부에 흐르는 전류의 방향을 반대가 되도록 하였다. 안테나에 의해 유도되는 자기장의 시간에 따른 변화량( ∂B/ ∂t)을 자기탐침을 이용하여 측정하였으며 유도되는 자기장의 θ방향성분을 측정하여 비대칭성을 갖는 m =1 mode임을 확인하였다. 발생된 플라즈마의 밀도는 Langmuir탐침을 이용하여 측정하였고, 측정된 밀도는 2.4 X 10^(10)cm^(-3) ~ 2.25 X 10^(11)cm^(-3) 이었다. 측정한 밀도와 외부에 주어진 자기장을 dispersion relation에 대입하여 계산된 wave number와 자기탐침을 이용하여 측정한 wave number를 비교하여 전파된 wave가 helicon wave 와 일치함을 확인하였다. This study was on the helicon wave propagation in an ICP(Inductively Coupled Plasma), which was generated by I3.56MHz RF power in a large area metal chamber with low external B-field(B<70G). Unlike a usual antenna for ICP, two different diameter I-turn antenna was connected in serial to opposing a current flowing the inner and the outer antenna. Time dependent B-Field( ∂B/ ∂t ), induced by the antenna was measured by a magnetic probe. It was confirmed m=I mode wave propagation by measuring θ component of the induced B-field. Plasma density was measured by Langmuir probe. It was 2.4 X 10^(10)cm^(-3) ~ 2.25 X 10^(11)cm^(-3)? By comparing a wavenumber which is calculated from the measured density and external B-field to a wavenumber measured by the magnetic probe, the helicon wave propagation has been confirmed.
김형우,이우태,김진환 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1997 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.19 No.-
The permeability and diffusivity of H₂, He, O₂, N₂, and CO₂in cellulose acetate membrane have been measured at temperatures from 10 to 60℃ and pressures up to 6Kg/cm². The membrane was prepared by casting cellulose acetate solution on a glass plate. In this process, the effect of evaporation time on characteristics of the membrane was discussed. The data for the gas diffusivity were obtained by the time lag method. At a given temperature and pressure, difference, the permeability and diffusivity were constant regardless of the increased of pressure difference, but increased exponentially with the increase of temperature. As the square of the gas molecular diameter increased, the diffusivities decreased exponentially and the activation energy for diffusion increased linearly. Much of the observed scatter in these correlations is attributable to uncertainty in the method of defining molecular diameters. On the other hand, the heat of solution decreased linearly with Lennard Jones force constant. With the exception of H₂and He, it is found that dissolution of the gases into the membrane was exothermic.