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김종태,배두원,김만일,정교철 7개 국립대학교 환경연구논문집 공동발행 위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-
To study the relations of underground/surface-water exhaustion and excessive pumping, we have analyzed river, geological characteristics, recharge rate of rainfall and underground-water level. The ground water recharge rate from the SCS-CN analysis is 8.4%, and the recharge is computed in 6.4111 x 10^(5)㎥/y. This results mean that a big drawdown in observation holes may be occurred by excessive pumping. From in-situ hydraulic conductivity test, hydraulic conductivity in basement of the study area is calculated in 7.996 x 10^(-6)-2.067 x 10^(-6)m/sec. The underground/surface-water in the study area with small underground-water recharge rate will be exhausted by long time pumping.
CROSS 공법을 이용한 폐수의 생물학적 처리에 관한 연구
박광하,심재도,권영두,강동수,김인호,정태명,황갑성 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-
This study aims to develop using a continuous removal of organic and settling solid(CROSS) to increase the efficiency of aeration system for wastewater treatment. To solve many problems of the conventional activated-sludge process, authors suggested a new CROSS model in conjunction with aeration systems in 1996. This system is characterized by utilizing an intensive aeration pipe with inlets at the lower portion and outlets at the higher portion in an aeration tank. Through the experiments on CROSS process, the average removal efficiences of BOD, COD_(Mn), SS, T-N and T-P were showed 98.8%, 93.9%, 98.0%, 71.3% and 49.8%. The average DO (Dissolved-Oxygen) concentration was constantly maintained at 8.0 mg/L by the intensive aeration which was accompanied by rapid reduction of BOD. Degradation of the organic matters in sewage then continued for the whole aeration period. The process demonstrated that it was very adaptive without seeding and returning the sludge. Compared to the activated sludge system, the system was very flexible for the continuous flow treatment. This preliminary assessment showed that the porous media in CROSS reactor is viable for the sewage treatment, since the porous media under the intensive aeration achieves acceptable effluent quality.
유전 및 육종 : 돼지 브랜드 식별 및 원산지 추적에 활용 가능한 Microsatellite Marker Set의 확립
임현태 ( Hyun Tae Lim ),서보영 ( Bo Yeong Seo ),정은지 ( Eun Ji Jung ),유채경 ( Chae Kyoung Yoo ),종타오 ( Ta O Zhong ),조인철 ( In Cheol Cho ),윤두학 ( Du Hak Yoon ),이정규 ( Jung Gyu Lee ),전진태 ( Jin Tae Jeon ) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 2009 한국축산학회지 Vol.51 No.3
Luminescent gold–poly(thiophene) nanoaggregates prepared by one-step oxidative polymerization
Jung, Yeon Jae,Govindaiah, Patakamuri,Park, Tae-Joon,Lee, Sun Jong,Ryu, Du Yeol,Kim, Jung Hyun,Cheong, In Woo Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.20 No.43
<P>We report the facile synthesis, formation mechanism, and photoluminescent (PL) properties of gold–poly(thiophene) (Au–PTh) nanoaggregates. They were prepared by one-step oxidative polymerization, in which Au<SUP>3+</SUP> ion was utilized as an oxidizing agent for the polymerization of thiophene. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) analyses demonstrated that the ‘raspberry-like’ Au–PTh nanoaggregates consist of individual Au NPs covered by PTh and stabilized by Tween 80. For Au–PTh nanoaggregates, a clear red shift in the SP peak was observed in the UV absorption spectra as compared with pristine Au nanoparticles (NPs). This red shift of the SP band is a consequence of the location of π-conjugated PTh on the surface of Au NPs, resulted from a strong binding between sulfur atoms of PTh and the Au NPs (sulfur–gold interaction). The strong interaction between the gold and sulfur atoms of PTh in the Au–PTh nanoaggregates was observed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The SP effect contributes to the PL intensity enhancement of the Au–PTh nanoaggregates and was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Gold–poly(thiophene) [Au–PTh] nanoaggregates were prepared by a one-step oxidative polymerization to enhance photoluminescent (PL) efficiency through surface plasmon (SP) effect in solid state. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0jm01793k'> </P>
Analysis of phototoxin taste closely correlates nucleophilicity to type 1 phototoxicity
Du, Eun Jo,Ahn, Tae Jung,Sung, Hwajin,Jo, HyunJi,Kim, Hyung-Wook,Kim, Seong-Tae,Kang, KyeongJin National Academy of Sciences 2019 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.116 No.24
<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Light-absorbing pigments undergo chemical changes via excitation of electrons. The electron excitation may generate reactive chemicals such as free radicals, and eventually reactive oxygen species, causing tissue damage like sunburn. Such pigments able to exert toxic effects on light illumination are regarded as phototoxins. Despite advances of our chemical knowledge on phototoxicity, the prediction of intrinsic pigment phototoxicity has been limited. Our study shows that the insect chemical receptor called Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is able to discern intrinsic phototoxins among pigments, for which TRPA1 needs the capability of sensing nucleophiles, chemical compounds with strong electron-donating tendency. Accordingly, understanding insect chemical receptor TRPA1 leads to the discovery of nucleophilicity as a chemical signature of intrinsic phototoxicity.</P><P>Pigments often inflict tissue-damaging and proaging toxicity on light illumination by generating free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the molecular mechanism by which organisms sense phototoxic pigments is unknown. Here, we discover that Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1-A isoform [TRPA1(A)], previously shown to serve as a receptor for free radicals and ROS induced by photochemical reactions, enables <I>Drosophila melanogaster</I> to aphotically sense phototoxic pigments for feeding deterrence. Thus, TRPA1(A) detects both cause (phototoxins) and effect (free radicals and ROS) of photochemical reactions. A group of pigment molecules not only activates TRPA1(A) in darkness but also generates free radicals on light illumination. Such aphotic detection of phototoxins harboring the type 1 (radical-generating) photochemical potential requires the nucleophile-sensing ability of TRPA1. In addition, agTRPA1(A) from malaria-transmitting mosquitoes <I>Anopheles gambiae</I> heterologously produces larger current responses to phototoxins than <I>Drosophila</I> TRPA1(A), similar to their disparate nucleophile responsiveness. Along with TRPA1(A)-stimulating capabilities, type 1 phototoxins exhibit relatively strong photo-absorbance and low energy gaps between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. However, TRPA1(A) activation is more highly concordant to type 1 phototoxicity than are those photochemical parameters. Collectively, nucleophile sensitivity of TRPA1(A) allows flies to taste potential phototoxins for feeding deterrence, preventing postingestive photo-injury. Conversely, pigments need to bear high nucleophilicity (electron-donating propensity) to act as type 1 phototoxins, which is consistent with the fact that transferring photoexcited electrons from phototoxins to other molecules causes free radicals. Thus, identification of a sensory mechanism in <I>Drosophila</I> reveals a property fundamental to type 1 phototoxins.</P>
Du, Eun Jo,Ahn, Tae Jung,Choi, Min Sung,Kwon, Ilmin,Kim, Hyung-Wook,Kwon, Jae Young,Kang, KyeongJin Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.10
Citronellal, a well-known plant-derived mosquito repellent, was previously reported to repel Drosophila melanogaster via olfactory pathways involving but not directly activating Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). Here, we show that citronellal is a direct agonist for Drosophila and human TRPA1s (dTRPA1 and hTRPA1) as well as Anopheles gambiae TRPA1 (agTRPA1). Citronellal-induced activity is isoform-dependent for Drosophila and Anopheles gambiae TRPA1s. The recently identified dTRPA1(A) and ag-TRPA1(A) isoforms showed citronellal-provoked currents with EC50s of $1.0{\pm}0.2$ and $0.1{\pm}0.03mM$, respectively, in Xenopus oocytes, while the sensitivities of TRPA1(B)s were much inferior to those of TRPA1(A)s. Citronellal dramatically enhanced the feeding-inhibitory effect of the TRPA1 agonist N-methylmaleimide (NMM) in Drosophila at an NMM concentration that barely repels flies. Thus, citronellal can promote feeding deterrence of fruit flies through direct action on gustatory dTRPA1, revealing the first isoform-specific function for TRPA1(A).
Sphingomonas flavus sp. nov. isolated from road soil
Du, Juan,Singh, Hina,Won, KyungHwa,Yang, Jung-Eun,Akter, Shahina,Jin, Feng-Xie,Yi, Tae-Hoo Springer-Verlag 2015 Archives of microbiology Vol.197 No.7
<P>A yellow-colored, Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated THG-MM5(T), was isolated from road soil in Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain THG-MM5(T) was moderately related to Sphingomonas sediminicola KACC 15039(T) (96.1?%), Sphingomonas ginsengisoli KACC 16858(T) (96.1?%) and Sphingomonas jaspsi KACC 13230(T) (96.0?%). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that strain THG-MM5(T) possesses ubiquinone-10 as the only respiratory quinone, sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), C18:1 ω7c and C16:0 as the major fatty acids. The polar lipid profile included sphingoglycolipid. The DNA G?+?C content was 60.7?mol%. These data, together with phenotypic characterization, corroborated the affiliation of strain THG-MM5(T) to the genus Sphingomonas. Thus, the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Sphingomonas flavus sp. nov. is proposed, with THG-MM5(T) as the type strain (=KACC 18277(T)?=?CCTCC AB 2014320(T)).</P>
( Tae Young Park ),( Joong Gi Bae ),( Hyun Seong Lee ),( Young Min Shin ),( Kyung Hye Park ),( Byung Uk Lee ),( Jae Ho Park ),( Byung Gyu Kim ),( Seok Won Jung ),( In Du Jeong ),( Sung-jo Bang ),( Jun 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Background:?Tenofovir (TDF) therapy has been recommended as a rescue strategy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with nucleos(t)ide (NA) resistance. Unfortunately, after sequential NA monotherapy in CHB patients with lamivudine (LAM) resistance, multidrug resistance (MDR) developed in a substantial number of patients. Very limited data are available on the comparison of TDF therapy between single drug resistant (SDR) and MDR groups in NA-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients.?Methods:?Of the 269 CHB patients with NA-resistance, 139 were SDR group and 130 were MDR group. A matched study population was constructed to compare the antiviral efficacy of TDF therapy by a propensity score analysis. The primary endpoint was a virological response (VR), defined as an HBV DNA level of <12 IU/mL.?Results:?Two hundreds CHB patients were selected after matching propensity score with 1:1 ratio. The median follow-up period during TDF therapy was 31.0 months (range, 6-44 months). VR occurred in 176 patients (92 patients in the SDR group and 84 patients in the MDR group) during the treatment period. The VR rates were not different between the SDR and MDR groups (84.5% vs. 75.4% at month 12, and 91.6% vs. 85.2% at month 24; log rank p=0.085). PVR rates also were not differ between both groups (29.0% and 36.0% in the SDR and MDR groups, respectively; p=0.291). ALT normalization rates did not differ between both groups. During TDF therapy, 7.8% (6 of 77) of patients in the SDR group, and 12.3% (10 of 81) of patients in the MDR group achieved HBeAg seroconversion, respectively (p=0.343). In multivariate analysis, absolute HBV DNA level at the start of TDF rescue treatment (p<0.001; OR, 0.708; 95% CI, 0.637-0.788) was only significantly associated with VR.?Conclusions:?TDF rescue therapy has comparable efficacy in the SDR and MDR CHB patients, and the presence of MDR did not alter the response rates. HBV DNA level at the start of TDF rescue therapy was the only predictor of subsequent virologic response. Therefore, starting rescue therapies at the low level viremia is more effective than delayed implementation.