Efficient Interleukin-21 Production by Optimization of Codon and Signal Peptide in Chinese Hamster Ovarian Cells

( Hee Jun Cho ),( Byung Moo Oh ),( Jong-tae Kim ),( Jeewon Lim ),( Sang Yoon Park ),( Yo Sep Hwang ),( Kyoung Eun Baek ),( Bo-yeon Kim ),( Inpyo Choi ),( Hee Gu Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.2

Interleukin-21 is a common γ-chain cytokine that controls the immune responses of B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Targeting IL-21 to strengthen the immune system is promising for the development of vaccines as well as anti-infection and anti-tumor therapies. However, the practical application of IL-21 is limited by the high production cost. In this study, we improved IL-21 production by codon optimization and selection of appropriate signal peptide in CHO-K1 cells. Codon-optimized or non-optimized human IL-21 was stably transfected into CHO-K1 cells. IL-21 expression was 10-fold higher for codon-optimized than non-optimized IL-21. We fused five different signal peptides to codon-optimized mature IL-21 and evaluated their effect on IL-21 production. The best result (a 3-fold increase) was obtained using a signal peptide derived from human azurocidin. Furthermore, codon-optimized IL-21 containing the azurocidin signal peptide promoted IFN-γ secretion and STAT3 phosphorylation in NK-92 cells similar to codon-optimized IL-21 containing original signal peptide. Collectively, these results indicate that codon optimization and azurocidin signal peptides provide an efficient approach for the high-level production of IL-21 as a biopharmaceutical.

인스트루먼트 패널용 수용성 질감 도료의 물리적 성질

김억(Ok Kim),오우정(Woo-Jeong Oh),전용(Yong Chun),김영태(Young-Tae Kim),안재범(Jae-Beom Ahn),조영호(Youngho Cho) 한국자동차공학회 2005 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.11_3

Physical properties of waterborne soft feel coatings for instrument panel were investigated. Soft feel coatings give warm and velvet touch for cold and hard plastic materials. Waterborne soft feel coating is composed with two parts. Part A contains polyester polyurethane dispersion (PE-PUD), OH-functional water dispersible polyurethane resin (PC-PUD) and OH-functional water dispersible alkyd resin (OH-PA). Part B contains hydrophilic hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer (HHDI). Soft feeling of coated panel was related with the amounts of PC-PUD and OH-PA. The physical properties of coated panel could be controlled by the NCO/OH ratio from Part A and Part B. Soft feeling was enhanced with relevant to PE-PUD content but the content of PE-PUD was limited because of weakening of coated film strength. For excellent touch and good property, the optimum composition of soft feel coat was PC-PUD(30%) and PE-PUD(20%). The results from all reliability tests satisfied soft feeling, scratch, chemical resistance and fogging.

이동 애드 혹 네트워크에서 QoS를 지원하는 AODV 라우팅 프로토콜

吳世德,趙榮泰,丁燦赫,金玄郁,李光培,姜景仁,朴京培,文泰洙,郭承郁,河載承 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2003 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Abstract - In this paper, we propose a bidirectional mobile Ad Hoc routing protocol based on AODV(ad-hoc on-demand distance victor routing) with QoS(quality of service) support. At presence, wireless mobile communication focuses on how to efficiently support mobility of users more than QoS guarantee. However, in order to satisfy requirement of various applications which have been or will be served, QoS guarantee between end point is a very important issue. The existing AODV routing protocol is implemented to use only BE (Best Effort) service. However, actual wireless mobile environment requires to reduce a waste of communication resources and meet with the real-time change of data paths by setting up routes with QoS support, considering available communication resources at each node in advance. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose an adaptive QoS support method using hello message in order to rapidly meet with the change of available communication resources and to smoothly perform route maintenance. For performance evaluation, we analyzed the average date reception rate. At that time, we used evaluation parameters such as node's mobility -stop time, hello message period, and packet priority, considering the node's mobility and the number of best effort/QoS data flows. As results, we found that with our proposed method the average data reception rate was increased 16.3% for 0 mobility-stop second case and 4.7% for 300 mobility-stop second case.

급성 백혈병 환자에서 수두양 피부병변을 보인 파종성 Fusarium 감염 1예와 국내 파종성 Fusarium 감염증에 대한 고찰

오수진,정희선,김준성,김태석,조병식,최수미,김명신,이연수,이석,신완식 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.5

최근 면역저하환자의 증가와 함에 국내에서도 점차 침습성, 파종성 Fusarium 감염증 보고가 증가하고 있다. Fusarium 감염은 아스페르길루스 감염과 유사한 임상양상을 보이지만 특징적인 피부병변을 동반하고 혈액배양에서 균이 분리되는 경우가 더 많다. 저자들은 급성 림프구성 백혈병으로 진단받고 치료중인 30세 남자 환자에서 중증의 호중구 감소 상태에서 비특이적인 피부병변을 동반한 파종성 Fusarium 혈류감염을 경험하였기에 국내 증례 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 환자의 초기 피부병변은 구진에서 시작하여 주로 소포성 병변과 일부 통증을 동반한 결절 등 여러 형태로 나타났고, Tzank 도말검사 양성으로 비정형 수두로 오인되었다. 이후 피부병변은 농포로 변하였고, 혈액배양 및 피부 조직검사에서 파종성 Fusarium 감염으로 진단받았다. 환자는 liposomal amphotericin B, voriconazole 병합요법과 G-CSF 투여, 과립구 수혈을 받았으나, 호중구 감소증에서 회복하지 못하고 급성 호흡곤란증후군과 다장기 기능부전으로 사망하였다. 본 증례는 파종성 Fusarium 감염의 경우에도 수두양 병변으로 비특이적인 양상으로 나타날 수 있으므로, 감별진단을 위해 적극적으로 혈액배양과 피부조직검사를 시행해야 함을 보여준다. Recently, we experienced a case of disseminated fusarial blood stream infection with varicelloid skin eruptions, who had suffered from persistent neutropenic fever after salvage chemotherapy for relapsed acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Neutropenia continued in spite of G-CSF and granulocyte transfusion, and he failed to respond to conventional amphotericin B initially, and then liposomal amphotericin B and voriconazole combination therapy. Disseminated fusariosis can be diagnosed by blood cultures in 50% of patients and present skin lesions in more than 80% of patients. So, typical skin lesions are important clue to diagnose of the disseminated fusariosis. However, many skin lesions in immunocompromised hosts are due to various infectious and non-infectious causes. So, this case shows that it is important to obtain biopsy specimens of skin lesions for histopathologic examination, culture and staining. Here, we present our case with the review of the literatures reported in our country, so far.

Enamel matrix derivative(EMDOGAIN^(R))을 이용한 상악 소구치의 자가이식 치험례

오유향,김효식,정현구,조태식,위유민,이창섭 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2002 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.26 No.2

The success of tooth transplantation or replantation depends on the viability of periodontal ligament in the transplanted tooth. Mechanical injury to periodontal tissues frequently results in dental root resorption and ankylosis, which leads to the failure of transplantation or replantation. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been recently used to induce periodontal regeneration. In this report, we show a clinical case of EMD application in the transplantation of an inversely impacted and immature tooth. An impacted second premolar was found in the right maxilla of a 14 year-old girl. The tooth was inversely impacted and the root formation was incomplete. When transplantation was carried out. EMD was applied to the periodontal tissues of the extracted premolar. The tooth was fixed at the correct position and the clinical condition was followed for evaluation for 3 months. Radiographs after 3 months exhibited new bone formation surrounding the transplanted tooth. There were no signs of root resorption or ankylosis, and reconstruction of the bone defect area at the maxilla was also found. Short-term results from this case indicated that EMD application was effective in the transplantation of an inversely impacted and immature tooth. In adddition, EMD might contribute to obtain good healing without ankylosis. Further follow-up observations are necessary to evaluate the regenerative effects of EMD.

일반 간호사가 인식한 수간호사의 역할기대와 역할수행에 관한 연구

오경옥,김태숙,조미경 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1992 충남의대잡지 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the perception levels of staff nurses to the head nurse's role expectation and role performance. Also this study is to examin the relationships between the age, education levels, career and satisfaction to the head nurse's role performance of staff nurse's generally and the head nurse's role expectation and role performance. This study was based on 299 staff nurses who work in two university hospitals in Chungnam and JonBuk and in three general hospitals in Chungnam. The data was collected through questionnaires from August 1st to August twentieth, 1989. Data analysis included Mean, S.D(standard deviation), percentage and paired t-test. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. There were significant differences between the head nurse's role expectation and role performance and the head nurse's role items(P<.001). 2. There were significant differences between the appreciation by the staff nurses of the head nurse's role expectation and her role performance. (Direct patient-care role, patient-care management role, nursing staff management role, operational management role, role of education and study.) (P<.001). 3. The relationship between the general characteristics of respondents and the head nurse's role expectation and role performance 1) There were significant differences between the statl nurse's age and the head nurse's role expectation and her role performance(P<.001). 2)There were significant differences between the staff nurse's educational levels and the head nurse's role expectation of them and their the role performance including the nursing college and nursing university (P<.001). (except for the graduate school) 3) There were significant differences between the staff nurse's actual career and the head nurse's role expectation and role performance (P<.001). 4) There were significant differences between satisfaction with the head nurse's role performance and her role expectation and role performance (P<.001) (except for the "very satisfied" group.)

질소 시비에 따른 청예무의 수량성 및 조성분 분석

조남기,오태수,조은일 제주대학교 환경연구소 2000 환경연구논문집 : 제주대 Vol.8 No.-

In order to determine the influence of nitrogen fertilizer on agronomic characters, and forage and quality, Danjimu, Sannariyeolmu and Seouldaehyungmu were cultured on the volcanic ash soil at the Experimental Farm of Cheju University under seven nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100,150, 200, 250, 300 ㎏/㏊) from April 17 to June 20, 1999. Days to flowering was delayed from 47 to 54 days after seeding a s the nitrogen rate increased. Days to flowering of Seouldaehyungmu was very fast(44days) while Danjimu was slow(54days). The plant height increased by increasing of nitrogen rate, the longest was observed at 250 kg/ha treatment (92.7cm) and 300 kg/ha treatment(93cm), but there was no significance. Plant height of Seouldaegyungmu was the tallest(91.5cm) of all, while that of Danjimu was the shortest(79.8cm ). Total fresh yield was very high at 250kg/ha treatment(94.2MT) and at 300kg/ha treatrnent(96.2MT). but there was no significance, on the other hand, was the shortest in the case of non-treatment(46.MT).

JTAG 버스 콘트롤러의 설계 및 구현

조용태,송오영 중앙대학교 정보통신연구소 1999 정보통신연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

IEEE Std 1149.1은 기본적으로 보드테스팅을 위한 경계주사 기법의 표준으로 제정되었다. IEEE Std 1149.1을 기반으로 하는 경계주사기법은 고집적화된 칩, 멀티칩 모듈, 새로운 패키징 등으로 이루어진 보드의 고장을 검출, 진단을 하는데 있어서 필수 불가결한 기술이다. 최근에는 보드테스팅 외에도 여러 분야에서 응용되어지고 있다. 그 하나는 하드웨어 에뮬레이션을 할 때 내부 레지스터를 읽기 위한 방법으로 사용되고 있으며, 또 하나는 IPS (In-System Programming)에 사용되어진다. 이런 것들을 위해서는 프로세서와 인터페이스 및 IEEE Std 1149.1 테스트 버스를 제어하기 위한 칩이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 보드레벨 테스팅 및 경계주사기법의 응용을 위한 IEEE 1149.1 테스트 버스 콘트롤러의 설계와 구현된 칩의 구동을 위한 칩의 동작 원리를 설명한다. 칩의 구조 검증을 위해 Verilog 시뮬레이션을 수행한 후 FPGA로 구현하였다.

대전·충남지역 고등학교 1학년생의 풍진 항체보유율과 백신접종 후의 항체형성률

오성균,김수영,여경오,김윤태,최명한,이석구,조영채,이동배,이태용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

For the purpose of investigating the positive rate of rubella antibody and sero-conversion rate after rubella vaccination, 863 high school students of the two regions were studied from April 21st, 1996 to September 20th, 1996. The main results were as follows; 1. Positive rate of IgG in male was higher than in female, and the rate of IgM was also higher in male than in female. 2. Positive rate of IgG by blood type was similar, but positive rate of IgM was higher in AB type than the others. 3. Positive rate of IgG by vaccination was similar to all groups, but positive rate of IgM was higher in which was not vaccinated group. 4. Positive rate of IgG and IgM, having vaccination card, was less than which was not having vaccination card. 5. Those who were vaccinated acquired IgG(+) regardless of an existence of IgG antibody, and 28.3% of IgG(-), IgM(+) male who was not vaccinated became IgM(+), IgG(+) after 3months later. As a result positive rate of male was higher than female. The author conclude that vaccination is necessary to prevent from rubella for them.

LiCoO₂의 합성 공정변수에 따른 리튬이차전지 정극의 전기화학적 특성 연구

이철태,오치훈,엄의흠,송연호 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 生産技術硏究 Vol.25 No.2

리튬이차전지용 정극활물질 LiCoO₂를 소성법 을 이용하여 합성공정변수를 달리하여 합성하고 합성공정변수가 이들의 물리화학적인 재료특성 및 전기화학적인 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 출발 물질로 LiOH · H₂O와 Co₃O₄를 사용하였으며, 750℃, 6시간 이상의 조건에서 결정의 LiCoO₂가 합성되기 시작하였으며, 반응온도가 높아지고 반응시간이 길어질수록 LiCoO₂의 결정성이 증가하였다. 여러 합성 조건 중 가장 우수한 전기화학적 특성을 보이는 조건은 반응옹도 750℃ 반응시간 24시간이었다. 이 조건에서 합성한 LiCoO₂로 Li/1M LiCIO₄ in PC + DME/LiCoO₂의 cell을 구성한 후 0.25mAh/㎠며의 전류밀도로 충 · 방전 하였을 경우 초기 방전 용량은 130mAh/g이였으며, 10cycle 후 방전 용량은 130mA h/g에서 109mAh/g으로 16%의 용량감소가 일어났다. LiCoO₂, the active material of positive electrode in lithium secondary battery, was synthesized by calcination with LiOH · H₂O and C0₃O₄. And relationships between synthesis condition and physical and electrochemical characteristics of LiCoO2 were investigated. Synthesis condition of 750℃, 6hr, LiCoO₄ crystal began to be formed, and the crystallinity of LiCoO₂ increased with reaction temperature and reaction time. LiCoO₂ synthesized by calcination at 750℃ during 24hr showed best electrochemical characteristics. The initial discharge capacity of LiCoO₂ synthesized under this condition was 130mAh/g, and after 10 cycles, the discharge capacity decreased to 109mAh/g.