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Imayama, T.,Takeshita, T.,Yi, K.,Cho, D.L.,Kitajima, K.,Tsutsumi, Y.,Kayama, M.,Nishido, H.,Okumura, T.,Yagi, K.,Itaya, T.,Sano, Y. Universitetsforlaget ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 Lithos Vol.134 No.-
The timing of partial melting and the pressure-temperature (P-T) paths in the High Himalayan Crystalline Sequence (HHCS) in far-eastern Nepal has been investigated using zircon chronology, rare earth element (REE) compositions, and P-T pseudosection analysis. Zircon from migmatites formed during Himalayan thermal events displays inherited magmatic core overgrown by two generations of metamorphic rims. The new rims are distinguished on the basis of their Tertiary ages, low MREE contents, and low Th/U ratios. The inner zircon rims from Sil+Grt+Bt+Kfs+Pl+Qtz and Ky+Sil+Grt+Bt+Ms+Pl+Qtz migmatites at different structural level of the HHCS display ages of c. 33-28Ma (Early Oligocene) and c. 21-18Ma (Early Miocene): these rims are characterized by flat MREE to HREE patterns and were overgrown by partial melt through muscovite dehydration melting under the stability of garnet, which occurred at P=c. 7-10kbar and T=c. 730-780<SUP>o</SUP>C, and at P=c. 8-14kbar and T=c. 720-770<SUP>o</SUP>C, respectively. The outer zircon rims are relatively enriched in HREE with respect to the inner rims and were overgrown at c. 27-23Ma (Late Oligocene) and at c. 18-16Ma (Early Miocene) during melt crystallization accompanying breakdown of garnet at P=c. 4-7kbar and T=c. 650-725<SUP>o</SUP>C. Early Miocene Ms-Bt leucogranites with two successively overgrown zircon rims at c. 18.3+/-0.3Ma and c. 16.3+/-0.2Ma were intruded into Early Oligocene migmatite hosts. Microstructural observations and the corresponding P-T conditions associated with the two generations of zircon rims indicate that the Early Oligocene and Early Miocene migmatites show relatively isobaric and nearly isothermal P-T paths during exhumation, respectively. The inferences are consistent with higher average cooling rates for the Early Miocene (c. 30-40<SUP>o</SUP>C/My) than the Early Oligocene (c. 15-25<SUP>o</SUP>C/My) migmatites, inferred from peak-T conditions and FT (c. 6Ma for both migmatites) and U-Pb zircon ages. The P-T-t paths of the two migmatites indicate that burial of the Early Miocene migmatites has been coeval with exhumation of the Early Oligocene migmatites, implying the formation of large-scale thrust within the HHCS.
Watanabe, H.,Zhang, G.X.,Yoshida, K.,Walker, P.M.,Liu, J.J.,Wu, J.,Regan, P.H.,Soderstrom, P.A.,Kanaoka, H.,Korkulu, Z.,Lee, P.S.,Nishimura, S.,Yagi, A.,Ahn, D.S.,Alharbi, T.,Baba, H.,Browne, F.,Bruce North-Holland Pub. Co 2016 Physics letters. Section B Vol.760 No.-
The level structure of <SUP>172</SUP>Dy has been investigated for the first time by means of decay spectroscopy following in-flight fission of a <SUP>238</SUP>U beam. A long-lived isomeric state with T<SUB>½</SUB>=0.71(5) s and K<SUP>π</SUP>=8<SUP>-</SUP> has been identified at 1278 keV, which decays to the ground-state and γ-vibrational bands through hindered electromagnetic transitions, as well as to the daughter nucleus <SUP>172</SUP>Ho via allowed β decays. The robust nature of the K<SUP>π</SUP>=8<SUP>-</SUP> isomer and the ground-state rotational band reveals an axially-symmetric structure for this nucleus. Meanwhile, the γ-vibrational levels have been identified at unusually low excitation energy compared to the neighboring well-deformed nuclei, indicating the significance of the microscopic effect on the non-axial collectivity in this doubly mid-shell region. The underlying mechanism of enhanced γ vibration is discussed in comparison with the deformed Quasiparticle Random-Phase Approximation based on a Skyrme energy-density functional.
Shiga, S.,Hirooka, Y.,Miyashita, Y.,Yagi, S.,Machacon, H.T.C.,Karasawa, T.,Nakamura, H. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2001 International journal of automotive technology Vol.2 No.1
This paper presents further investigation into the effect of over-expansion cycle in a spark-ignition engine. On the basis of the results obtained in previous studies, several combinations of late-closing (LC) of intake valve and expansion ratio were tested using a single-cylinder production engine. A large volume of intake capacity was inserted into the intake manifold to simulate multi-cylinder engines. With the large capacity volume, LC can decrease the pumping loss and then increase the mechanical efficiency. Increasing the expansion ratio from 11 to 23.9 with LC application can produce about 13% improvement of thermal efficiency which was suggested to be caused by the increased cycle efficiency. The decrease of compression ratio from 11 to 5.5 gives little effect on the thermal efficiency if the expansion ratio could be kept constant. Thus, the expansion ratio is revealed to be a determining factor for cycle efficiency, while compression ratio is no more important, which suggests the usefulness of controlling the intake charge with intake valve closure timing. These were successfully explained by simple thermodynamic calculation and thus the mechanism could be verified by the estimation.
Metallization Technology in DRAM
Taniguchi,T.,Yagi,H.,Kanazawa,M. 대한전자공학회 1995 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.4 No.1
This paper presents s metallization technology in future DRAM and its results of spplication for multilevel interconnection. Excellent first metal to Si contact is achieved at a higher contact aspect ratio of more than 6 by using Ti-CVD as compared with Ti collimation-sputtering. In-situ dry pre-metal clean have been developed to minimize the contact CD loss which is observed in conventional wet pre-clean. The Al film deposited by long distance sputtering gives a good step coverage for non-plug via with wine glass shape. Two levels of refractory metal and one level of Al layers have been successfully applied for future DRAM. This structure provides a good yields and high reliability.