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Influence of Environmental Exposures on Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea
Hong, Yoonki,Lim, Myoung Nam,Kim, Woo Jin,Rhee, Chin Kook,Yoo, Kwang Ha,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Yoon, Ho Il,Kim, Tae-Hyung,Lee, Jin Hwa,Lim, Seong Yong,Lee, Sang Do,Oh, Yeon-Mok The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.76 No.5
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation and results from environmental factors and genetic factors. Although cigarette smoking is a major risk factor, other environmental exposures can influence COPD. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of COPD according to the history of environmental exposure. Methods: The study population comprised of 347 subjects with COPD who were recruited from the pulmonary clinics of 14 hospitals within the Korean Obstructive Lung Disease Study Group. We classified environmental exposures according to history of living near factory, and direct exposure history to firewood or briquette. According to living environmental exposures, we compared the frequency of respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function, quality of life, exercise capacity, and computed tomography phenotypes. Results: Thirty-one subjects (8.9%) had history of living near factory, 271 (78.3%) had exposure history to briquette, and 184 (53.3%) had exposure history to firewood. Patients with history of living near a factory had a significantly longer duration of sputum, while patients with exposure to firewood tended to have lower forced expiratory volume in one second, and patients with exposure to briquette tended to have lower six minute walk distance. Conclusion: COPD subjects with the history of living near factory had more frequent respiratory symptoms such as sputum. Our data suggest that environmental exposure may influence clinical phenotype of COPD.
Sung-Mok Lee,오백록,Jang Min Park,Anna Yu,Sun-Yeon Heo,Won-Kyung Hong,JEONG-WOO SEO,CHUL HO KIM 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.6
To obtain high-yield production of 2,3-butanediol(2,3-BD) from glucose, we optimized the culture conditionsfor a lactate dehydrogenase-deficient mutant (ΔldhA) ofKlebsiella pneumoniae using response surface methodology. 2,3-BD production was successfully improved by optimizingpH (5.6), aeration (3.50 vvm) and concentration of cornsteep liquor (45.0 mL/L) as a nitrogen source, resulting ina maximum level of 2,3-BD production of 148.8 g/L andproductivity of 2.48 g/L/h. 2,3-BD was also obtained withhigh concentration (76.24 g/L) and productivity (2.31 g/L/h)from the K. pneumoniae mutant strain using sugarcanemolasses as a carbon source.
Aberrant pyramidal tract in medial lemniscus of brainstem in the human brain
Hong, Ji Heon,Son, Su Min,Byun, Woo Mok,Jang, Han Won,Ahn, Sang Ho,Jang, Sung Ho Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2009 NEUROREPORT - Vol.20 No.7
The aberrant pyramidal tract (APT) refers to the collateral pathway of the pyramidal tract through the medial lemniscus in the brainstem. We showed the presence of an APT in the normal human brain using diffusion tensor tractography. Diffusion tensor tractography showed that the motor tracts of the 28 hemispheres in 14 healthy normal individuals originated from the primary sensori-motor cortex and descended through the known pathway of the pyramidal tract. However, in five (17.9%) of the 28 hemispheres, we observed that the APT descended through the medial lemniscus from the midbrain to the pons, and then entered into the pyramidal tract at the upper medulla, after which it descended through the pyramidal tract to the lower medulla.