이야기 재연 전략 훈련이 학습장애 아동의 읽기 이해력과 유창성 향상에 미치는 효과

허승준,정종희 한국특수교육문제연구소 2004 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 이야기 재연(story retelling) 전략 훈련이 학습장애 아동의 읽기 이해력과 유창성에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이었다. 연구는 단일대상 연구의 하나인 중다기초선 설계에 의해 수행되었다. 독립변인은 이야기 재연 전략 훈련이었고, 종속변인은 읽기 이해력과 읽기 유창성이었다. 연구 대상은 초등학교 5-6학년 학습장애 아동 4명이었다. 중재는 9주 동안 아동별로 14에서 20회기에 걸쳐 실시되었다. 이야기 재연 전략 중재는 (a) 소리 내어 읽기, (b) 읽기 오류 교정, (c) 이야기 지도 작성, (d) 이야기 지도 점검의 4 단계로 실시되었다. 연구 결과, 이야기 재연 전략 훈련이 학습장애 아동의 읽기 이해력과 유창성 향상에 효과적이었다. 읽기 이해력의 경우, 대상 아동 모두 중재 초반부터 성취도가 급격히 향상되어 중재기간은 물론 유지 기간에도 높은 성취도를 유지하였다. 읽기 유창성의 경우, 대상 아동 모두 중재 초반에는 기초선 기간과 동일한 수준의 성취도를 보이다가 중재가 진행되면서 단계적으로 향상되었으며, 유지 기간에도 중재 후반부의 성취도를 유지하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of story retelling strategy on the reading comprehension and fluency of students with learning disabilities in reading. This study employed a multiple baseline design in single subject research design. The independent variable was a story retelling strategy intervention, and the dependent variables were reading comprehension and reading fluency. Participants were four fifth- and sixth-grade students with learning disabilities. The intervention was implemented in 14 to 20, fifty-minute class period over a 9-week period. The intervention was implemented in four phases: (a) reading aloud, (b) correcting errors, (c) story mapping, and (d) monitoring story map. Results indicated that the story retelling strategy intervention was an effective program for enhancing the reading comprehension and fluency of students with learning disabilities. All the participants' reading comprehension was radically enhanced and maintained during and after the intervention. In terms of reading fluency of the participants, it was gradually enhanced during the intervention and maintained after the intervention.

한국과 일본의 시민사회와 지방정부간 交流의 특징과 새로운 과제 : Focused on Local Governments and Civil society`s Organizations

임승빈 현대일본학회 2003 日本硏究論叢 Vol.18 No.-

한국과 일본의 시민단체간의 교류 및 지방정부간의 교류는 중앙정부가 가지고 있는 한계상황을 극복할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 域內의 긴장완화 및 지방정부의 경쟁력 강화를 통하여 국가의 경쟁력 강화 및 건강한 시민사회를 구축하는 데에도 매우 필요하다. 본고에서 강조한 것은 국가관 관계가 아닌 시민사회간 그리고 지방정부간의 교류의 증대와 교류 내용의 다양성 및 충실성에 대하여 고찰하였다. 한국이나 일본의 시민사회 및 지방정부간의 교류 역시 양국의 시민사회뿐만 아니라 지구적 시민사회가 납득할 수 있는 보편적 가치인 환경보호, 평화, 안전보장, 인권 등의 문제를 공통적으로 추구할 때 양국에서의 초국가적 연대가 활발하게 될 것이다. 물론, 활동의 관점에서 바라보면 한국과 일본의 초국적 지방정부간 혹은 시민사회간 협의가 이루어진다 해도 그 정책 집행은 지역사회라는 공간에서 이루어지기 때문에 지역사회 내에서 활동하는 시민단체의 국제화 및 지방정부의 Glocalization 정책의 중요성은 매우 높다. 따라서 지역사회의 민주성 및 건강성을 유지하기 위한 방안으로서도 초국적인 다자간 네트워크 구축이 필요하다. 최근에 한국과 일본의 시민단체 그리고 지방정부간의 교류가 경제적 교류 뿐만아니라 공통의 가치인 동북아 안전보장ㆍ평화ㆍ정부개혁ㆍ건강한 지역사회 만들기 등을 논의하고 있다는 점은 지구적 보편적 가치의 추구라는 관점에서 매우 고무적이라고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 한국과 일본의 시민사회나 지방정부에게 주어진 새로운 과제는 상호간에 공통의 가치를 추구하면서 신뢰를 공고히 하는 국제교류를 추구하는 것이라고 볼 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to analysis the growth of international relationships between Korea and Japan. In carrying out this study, I have focused on relationships of Local Governments and civil society's organizations in the two countries. And, I have reviewed characteristics of civil society between the two countries. Also, I have evaluated the relationships between Korean local governments and Japanese local governments. The exchange programs of local governments are going to enlarge from sisterhood relationships to economical cooperations. Number of civil society's organization in Korea has increased since 1995. Especially, since the Law of government's support policy for non-profit civil society's organizations has been enacted at 1999, civil society's organizations are increasingly playing an influential role in politics and policy process. This situation are similar to Japan's. As a result, I would suggest many exchange programs between the two countries will have promote to sharing of common value in East Asia.

CORBA 환경의 POS를 이용한 수업-진도 관리시스템의 설계 및 구현

현승일,엄영익 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 論文集 Vol.50 No.2

In this paper, Progress Management System is developed with Persistent Object Service in CORBA environment. The POS, proposed by OMG, is defined with the interface to data and persistent objects using IDL-defined interfaces, the main concept of which is single object interface to multiple data-stores. The objective of the implemented system is to propose an improved progress management systems using POS as the storage mechanism of sessions and persistent objects and leverage the scalability of system through the distributed objects of CORBA. Using JAVA code, the implementation could be ported on every system independent of hardware platform, but because of the complexity of itself the data-stores are confined with RDBS. In the future, to be studied as an ongoing project are stoning an object more completely using OODB or ORDB which can store objects naturally, extending the POM design and implementations to be more comprehensive.

통합학급에서 정착수업이 장애 및 비장애 학생의 비판적 사고력에 미치는 효과

허승준 한국특수아동학회 2003 특수아동교육연구 Vol.5 No.2

이 연구는 정착수업(anchored instruction)이 통합학급에서 교육받는 경도장애 및 비장에 학생의 비관적 사고력에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 연구 설계는 이질 통제 집단 설계(nonequivalent control group design)였다. 독립변인은 수업방법(정착수업 대 교사중심 강의식 수업)과 학생(경도장애 학생 대 비장애 학생)이었으며, 종속변인은 사후 비판적 사고력이었다. 실험 참가자는 영어를 가르치는 4명의 교사와 96명의 고등학생(경도장애 학생 48명과 비장애 학생 48명; 정착수업 집단 48명과 교사중심 강의식 수업 집단 48명)이었다. 정착수업 집단의 학생들은 7내지 8주 동안 35에서 40시간의 정착수업을 받았다. 정착수업은 학습준비, 영화 시청 및 줄거리 토론, 문단 나누기, 등장인물 분석, 연구과제 수행 및 발표의 다섯 단계로 실시되었다. 연구 결과, 정착수업에 참여한 학생들의 사후 비판적 사고력 점수가 강의식 수업에 참여한 학생보다 더 높았다. 또한, 정착수업에 참여한 경도장애 학생의 사후 비판적 사고력 점수는 같은 집단의 비장애 학생과 차이가 없었으며, 정착수업에 참여하지 않은 비장애 학생보다는 높게 나타났다. 즉, 정착수업은 경도장애 학생과 비장애 학생 모두의 비판적 사고력 향상에 효과적인 교수-학습 방법이었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of anchored instruction on the critical thinking skills of students with and without mild disabilities in inclusive classroom. This study employed a nonequivalent control group design. The independent variables were (1) interventions with two levels (anchored instruction vs. lecture-based instruction) and (2) students with two levels (students with mild disabilities vs. students without disabilities). The dependent variable was critical thinking skills. The participants of the study included four secondary English classroom teachers and 96 general education and special education high school students. The experimental group received anchored instruction implemented in 35 to 40, fifty-minute class periods over a 7- to 8-week period. The instruction was implemented in five phases: (a) setting the stage, (b) watching the anchor and retelling the story, (c) segmenting, (d) characterization, (e) student research and presentation. The control group received traditional, lecture-based instruction using the same curriculum as in the experimental group. Results indicated that students who participated in anchored instruction demonstrated greater gains in critical thinking skills than students who participated in lecture-based instruction. Moreover, students with mild disabilities made equivalent to greater gains in critical-thinking skills compared with students without disabilities. These findings indicated that multimedia anchored instruction was an effective program for enhancing the critical thinking skills of students with and without mild disabilities in inclusive settings.

학습장애학생의 비판적 사고력 교육을 위한 상황인지 접근법

허승준 국립특수교육원 2002 특수교육연구 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 학습장애 학생의 비판적 사고력을 향상시키기 위한 요인은 무엇인지를 상황인지 이론을 중심으로 분석하는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 먼저 학습장애 학생을 위한 교육의 배경에 존재하는 두가지 잘못된 신념의 문제를 제기하였고, 이들을 위한 수업의 기본 방향을 설정하기 위해 이들의 특성과 특수능력을 살펴보았다. 다음으로 학습장애 학생들의 특성을 고려할 수 있는 사고력 교육방법으로 상황인지 접근법과, 이 접근법의 대표적인 수업형태인 정착수업에 대해 분석하였다. 이 분석을 통해 학습장애 학생의 비판적 사고력 교육을 위한 요인으로, 사전지식의 활성화, 실제적 과제의 제공, 협력학습 방법의 도입, 그리고 멀티미디어 공학의 이용 등이 논의되었다. The purpose of the study was to analyze the situated cognition approach for developing the critical-thinking skills of students with learning disabilities. Generally, researchers and educators believe that students with learning disabilities must always master basic skills before learning more advanced skills. However, research has show that many students with learning disabilities have not only special abilities in creative and divergent areas but also abilities to think critically before mastering basic skills. Recognizing the importance of critical-thinking skills, some researchers have tried to implement instructional strategies or programs aimed at developing thinking skills of students with learning disabilities based on situated cognition. Situated cognition approach provides students with opportunities to solve authentic tasks in meaningful context, which constructs environment for students with learning disabilities to experience various cognitive activities. Considering the abilities of students with mild disabilities and the effects of situated cognition approach, this study suggested several factors of instructions for students with learning disabilities : (a) activating background knowledge, (b) providing authentic tasks, (c) introducing collaborative learning, and (d) using multimedia technology.

광중합 접착제로 접착된 금속 브라켓의 전단접착강도에 관한 연구

장영일,이승진 대한치과교정학회 1992 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strengths and failure sites of metal brackets bonded with chemically cured adhesive and light-cured adhesive. 10 brackets were bonded on prepared enamel surfaces with Transbond (Unitek/3M; U.S.A.) light-cured orthodontic adhesive and another 10 brackets were bonded with Ortho-one (Bisco: U.S.A) chemically cured orthodontic adhesive. 24 hours after bonding, the Instron universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strengths. The failure sites were examined under streoscopic microscope. The results were as follow : 1. The mean shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded with light-cured adhesive was lower than that of metal brackets bonded with chemically cured adhesive, but the difference was not statistically significant(p<0.05). 2. Regardless of the type of adhesive, the brackets were failed primarily at the bracket base-adhesive interface. 3. Bonding of metal brackets with light-cured adhesive is considered to be clinically acceptable.

학습장애 아동의 읽기이해력 향상을 위한 중심내용 파악 및 자기점검 전략 훈련의 효과

송효진,허승준 한국특수교육문제연구소 2004 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a main idea strategy and self-questioning strategy training on reading comprehension of children with learning disabilities. The specific research questions examined in this study were (a) whether the main idea strategy training had an effect on children's ability to identify main idea, (b) whether the self-questioning strategy training had an effect on children's ability to generate questions, and (c) whether the main idea and self-questioning strategy training had an effect on children's reading comprehension including literal and inferential. The participants of the study included three fourth-grade children with learning disabilities. This study employed an multitreatment design(ABACAD) adapted from the single subject research. The results of the study were (a) the main idea strategy training improved the children's ability to identify main idea, (b) the self-questioning strategy training improved the children's ability to generate questions, and (c) the main idea and self-questioning strategy training improved children's literal and inferential reading comprehension. These results indicated that the reading strategy training employed in the study was an effective program for enhancing the reading comprehension of children with learning disabilities. 본 연구는 목적은 중심내용 파악 및 자기점검 전략 훈련이 학습장애 아동의 읽기이해력에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이었다. 연구 설계는 단일대상 연구 중 ABACAD 중다중재설계(multitreatment design)였다. 연구 대상은 초등학교 4학년 학습장애 아동 3명이었다. 실험은 8주 동안 총 40 회기에 걸쳐 실시되었다. 연구 결과, 중심내용 파악 및 자기점검 전략 훈련이 학습장애 아동의 읽기이해력 향상에 효과적이었다. 더불어, 중심내용 파악 전략 훈련은 중심내용 파악 능력을 향상시켰고, 자기점검 전략 훈련 역시 아동들의 자기점검 능력을 향상시켰다. 읽기이해력 하위 영역에 대한 검증 결과, 본 연구의 중재 프로그램은 사실적 이해력보다 추론적 이해력 향상에 더 효과적이었다. 연구 결과에 대한 논의와 결론이 제시되었다.

Dexamethasone이 마우스의 여러 가지 Suppressor T Cells에 미치는 영향

하대유,김형일,임선영 大韓免疫學會 1987 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

The effect of dexamethasone(DEX) on delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH) reactions and antibody responses to various concentrations of sheep red blood cells (SRBC), and of polyvinylpyrroridone(PVP), graft-vs-host reaction were evaluated. DEX treatment(lOOpg/mouse, 1.p, b.I.d.) was begun 1 daybefore immunization or cell transfer and continued until challenge with antigen or throughout experiments. The treatment with DEX inhibited DTH and antibody responses to high, low and intermittent doses and markedly inhibited GVH reactivity of thymus, lymph node and spleen cells. DEX markedly inhibited antibody response to high(25pg/mouse) and low(0.025pg/mouse) doses of PVP, but not to intermit-tent dose(0.25pg/mouse) which is optimal immunizing dose of PVP in mice. The ability of DEX to inhibit the immune suppression mediated by different types of murine T sup-pressor cell was also evaluated. The activity of suppressor cells induced by UVB irradiation, :: dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(DNBS) injection and inoculation with a high dose of SRBC was evaluated after adoptive transfer to naive syngeneic recipients. DEX was administered to recipients b. i. d. at the dose of 100pg/mouse, beginning I day before the adoptive transfer of UVB―, DNBS― or .SRBC―tolerized spleen cells (1 X10'/mouse) continuing until challenge. DEX treatment abrogated the expression of DNBS―induced, Lyt―2 , T suppressor cells and stimulated contact sensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB) in adoptive transfer experiments. In contrast, the Lyt―1'' T suppressor cell activity induced by UVB irradiation and the Lyt―2+ T-suppressor cell-mediated unresponsiveness induced by inoculation with a high dose of SRBC were refractory to DEX treatment. UVB-induced suppression of both con-tact sensitivity to DNFB and DTH response to SRBC could be transferred into recipients. These results indicate that T suppressor cell populations differ markedly in their susceptibility to modulation by DEX treatment, illustrating the diversity of suppressor cell mechanisms operating different in immune states. This also suggests that meaningful application of immunotherapeutic modulation may re-quire a precise understanding of the property of suppressor cell suhpopulations involved in a specific immune response before reliable ther apy can be achieved.

KRISS의 광 측정시스템을 이용한 단일모드 광섬유의 색분산 및 편광모드분산 측정과 불확도 평가

이성헌,김용평,유한영,서호성 慶熙大學校 레이저 工學硏究所 2007 레이저공학 Vol.18 No.-

We demonstrate the uncertainty comparison and analysis of NPL chromatic dispersion(CD) and NIST polarization mode dispersion(PMD) Certified Reference Material(CRM) in the KRISS. The uncertainty of each quantity was evaluated as the combined standard uncertainty multiplied by a coverage factor k=2. Modulation phase shift techniques are used to measure CD in the 1300 nm and 1500 nm region , PMD in the 1500 nm region. CD and PMD uncertainty are 2.64 ps/nm · km, 0.002 ps, respectively. The measurement uncertainty was a good agreement between CD & PMD CRM and PDLA system of KRISS.

한국형 출혈열 환자에서 분리한 한타 바이러스의 핵산 분석

조종태,윤성철,안규리,한진석,김성권,이정상 단국대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)is an infectious disease showing diverse clinical manifestations according to different serotypes of hantavirus. On the assumption that the antigenicity, nucleotide and amino acid sequence diversity of hantaviruses, as well as immune response diversity of individual KHF patients may be present, this study was performed to analyse the genetic diversity of hantaviruses isolated from patients with KHF. In the 13 samples hantaviral RNAs were extracted, cDNAs of partial M segment were amplified by RT-PCR using genus-reactive primer, amplified cNNAs were analyzed by direct sequencing method, and then the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were compared with previously known sequences of four serotypes of hantavirus isolated from rodent hosts and each other by the computer assistance. The results were as follows. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 11 samples among the 13 human isolates showed 90.3∼95.5%, 86.7∼97.9% the other 1 samples 82.7%, 71.9% homology respectively to those of Hantaan virus 76-118 strain, and another 1 sample showed 83.7%, 75.3% homology respectively to those of Seoul virus B1 strain isolated from rodent host. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 7 among 12 Hantaan samples showed differences within 5%, 10% respectively each other and high genetic similarities, but those of the oehr 5 among 12 Hantaan samples showed low genetic similarities each other. In conclusion, hantaviruese isolated from KHF patients showed genetic diversity compared with previously known hantaviruses isolated from rodent hosts.