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Identifying Typhoon Targeted Observations Sensitive Areas Using the Gradient Definition Based Method
Bin Mu,Juhui Ren,Shi-Jin Yuan,Fei-Fan Zhou 한국기상학회 2019 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.55 No.2
Increasing additional observation in the typhoon targeted observation sensitive area can help providing more accurate initial field for numerical models, further to improve the typhoon forecast skill. The critical problem is how to identify the typhoon targeted observation sensitive area. Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) has been proved to be an effective method. Generally, the CNOP is solved using adjoint-based method, which needs to utilize the adjoint models of the numerical models. However, the adjoint models for some numerical models have not been developed or only for some modules. The gradient definition based method is an adjoint-free method, which has been applied to solve the CNOP of Zebiak-Cane (ZC) model with 1080-dimensional solution space to study the optimal precursors of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. It is very easy to realize, but the time efficiency will go down dramatically along with the rapidly increasing dimensions. In this paper, the gradient definition based method is applied to solve the CNOP ofMM5 model with more than 105-dimensional solution space to identify the typhoon targeted observation sensitive area. Compared to the adjoint-based method, the identified sensitive area and the benefits of the CNOPs are very similar for typhoon Matmo (2014) and Fitow (2013), and higher time efficiency can be achieved. Furthermore, the OSSEs’ results show that the sensitive area identified can be used to improve the forecast skill of typhoon Matmo and Fitow to different extent.
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Fibulin2: a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation in infected bone fracture healing
Li Shi-Dan,Xing Wei,Wang Shao-Chuan,Li You-Bin,Jiang Hao,Zheng Han-Xuan,Li Xiao-Ming,Yang Jing,Guo De-Bin,Xie Xiao-Yu,Jiang Ren-Qing,Fan Chao,Li Lei,Xu Xiang,Fei Jun 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
Bone fracture remains a common occurrence, with a population-weighted incidence of approximately 3.21 per 1000. In addition, approximately 2% to 50% of patients with skeletal fractures will develop an infection, one of the causes of disordered bone healing. Dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) plays a key role in disordered bone repair. However, the specific mechanisms underlying BMSC dysfunction caused by bone infection are largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that Fibulin2 expression was upregulated in infected bone tissues and that BMSCs were the source of infection-induced Fibulin2. Importantly, Fibulin2 knockout accelerated mineralized bone formation during skeletal development and inhibited inflammatory bone resorption. We demonstrated that Fibulin2 suppressed BMSC osteogenic differentiation by binding to Notch2 and inactivating the Notch2 signaling pathway. Moreover, Fibulin2 knockdown restored Notch2 pathway activation and promoted BMSC osteogenesis; these outcomes were abolished by DAPT, a Notch inhibitor. Furthermore, transplanted Fibulin2 knockdown BMSCs displayed better bone repair potential in vivo. Altogether, Fibulin2 is a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation that inhibits osteogenesis by inactivating the Notch2 signaling pathway in infected bone.
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Quanjun Yang,Xiaolan Cui,Bin Wu,Yujing Shi,Xiaowei Du,Mingsong Fan,Zhaolin Sun,Chenggang Huang 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.1
Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from Fructus Gardeniae led to analysis of its bioactive natural products. After infection by influenza virus strain A/FM/1/47-MA in vivo,antiviral activity of the extracts were investigated. The target fraction was orally administered to rats and blood was collected. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photo diode array detector and electrospray ion trap multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry was applied to screen the compounds absorbed into the blood. A structural characterization based on the retention time, ultraviolet spectra, parent ions and fragmentation ions was performed. Thirteen compounds were confirmed or tentatively identified. This provides an accurate profile of the composition of bioactive compounds responsible for the anti-influenza properties.
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Lin-Lin Zhang,Shi-Jin Yuan,Bin Mu,Fei-Fan Zhou 한국기상학회 2017 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.53 No.1
In this paper, conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) was investigated to identify sensitive areas for tropical cyclone adaptive observations with principal component analysis based genetic algorithm (PCAGA) method and two tropical cyclones, Fitow (2013) and Matmo (2014), were studied with a 120 km resolution using the fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5). To verify the effectiveness of PCAGA method, CNOPs were also calculated by an adjoint-based method as a benchmark for comparison on patterns, energies, and vertical distributions of temperatures. Comparing with the benchmark, the CNOPs obtained from PCAGA had similar patterns for Fitow and a little different for Matmo; the vertically integrated energies were located closer to the verification areas and the initial tropical cyclones. Experimental results also presented that the CNOPs of PCAGA had a more positive impact on the forecast improvement, which gained from the reductions of the CNOPs in the whole domain containing sensitive areas. Furthermore, the PCAGA program was executed 40 times for each case and all the averages of benefits were larger than the benchmark. This also proved the validity and stability of the PCAGA method. All results showed that the PCAGA method could approximately solve CNOP of complicated models without computing adjoint models, and obtain more benefits of reducing the CNOPs in the whole domain.
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Patrick Mountapmbeme Kouotou,Guan-Fu Pan,Jun-Jie Wenga,Shi-Bin Fan,Zhen-Yu Tian 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.35 No.-
The effective evaluation of the catalytic performance of Co3O4 supported on an inert carrier wasinvestigated toward the deep oxidation of light olefins. Thin Co3O4 films were deposited on grid mesh ofstainless steel using one-step chemical vapor deposition method. The as-deposited materials werecharacterized in terms of structure, morphology and composition. Co3O4 crystals with cubic spinelstructures composed of Co2+, Co3+ and nucleophilic oxygen species (O2 ) were obtained. The catalyticresults indicated that Co3O4 supported on steel mesh was highly active to enable the completeconversion of C3H6 and n-C4H8 with a Mars-van Krevelen type mechanism.
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