일본 애니메이션에 나타난 언령신앙(言霊信仰)에 관한 연구 - TV 애니메이션 〈나츠메 우인장(夏目友人帳)〉을 중심으로

서치린(She, Qi-Lin),최동혁(Choi, Dong-Hyuk),자오원장(Zhao, Wen-Jiang) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2021 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.62

고대의 일본 사람은 세상 만물에 신령(神靈)이 존재하며, 특히 언어(言語)에서의 신령이 가지는 영력(靈力)이 사람들에게 복(福)이나 재(災)를 가져다줄 수 있다고 주장하였다. 이러한 언어에 대한 숭배는 언령신앙(言霊信仰)이라고 부른다. 상대(上代)문학의 많은 작품들이 언령신앙을 구현했거나 부응시켰는데, 이는 상대(上代)문학의 중요한 특징 중 하나가 되었다. 그러나 언령신앙에 관한 기존 연구들은 주로 초기의 문학 형식이나 문학 작품을 고찰에 그치고 있으며, 사회의 발전에 따라 언령신앙이 현대사회에서 어떻게 계속되고 구현되는지에 대한 연구는 부족하였다. 이에 본 연구는 상대(上代)문학에서 언령신앙의 특징을 기반으로 기존의 선행연구들을 정리함으로써 언령신앙과 애니메이션의 결합 가능성을 탐구하고자 하였다. 즉, 애니메이션 작품에서 언령신앙의 출현배경과 표현사례를 검토하여 ‘캐릭터의 표현’, ‘이름(名前)의 활용’과 ‘주술(呪術)과 마법의 활용’ 등 세 가지의 측면에서 TV 애니메이션 <나츠메 우인장(夏目友人帳)>에서 나타난 언령신앙의 구체적인 표현을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 애니메이션과 같은 현대 예술작품에서 언령신앙이 구현되는 구체적인 표현방법과 창작 방법을 도출하였다. 언령신앙과 같은 고대의 일본 문화나 사상을 소재로 한 애니메이션의 대표적인 표현사례를 분석한 본 연구가 다양한 고대사상과 전통문화를 이해를 돕고 많은 문화콘텐츠 분야에 활용과 발전에 기여되기를 기대한다. The ancient Japanese believed that there are gods in everything in the world. Souls and spiritual powers in language, which can bring blessings or disasters to people. This kind of worship of language is called language worship. In the early Japanese literature, there are many examples of language worship, which has become one of the important characteristics of early Japanese literature. However, the existing research on language worship mainly stays on the investigation of early literary forms or works. With the development of society, there is insufficient research on how the language worship continues and manifests in modern society. This research is based on the language worship in early Japanese literature, investigating the existing advanced research, and exploring the possibility of combining language worship with animation. Language worship is mainly manifested in three types in animation: ‘character performance’, ‘utilization of names’, and ‘utilization of spells and magic.’ This research analyzes the background and examples of the appearance of language worship in animation and analyzes language worship in the TV animation 〈Natsume"s Book of Friends〉. Through these, we learned about the examples and methods of ancient thoughts and traditional culture used in animation and other works of modern art. This research uses ancient Japanese culture or ideas such as language worship as materials to analyze representative examples of animation. It is hoped that this research can help to understand various ancient ideas and traditional cultures, and contribute to the utilization and development of cultural fields.

Numerical analysis of the thermal behaviors of cellular concrete

Wei She,Guotang Zha,Guotao Yang,Jinyang Jiang,Xiaoyu Cao,Yi Du 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2016 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.18 No.3

In this study, both two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) finite-volume-based models were developed to analyze the heat transfer mechanisms through the porous structures of cellular concretes under steady-state heat transfer conditions and to investigate the differences between the 2D and 3D modeling results. The 2D and 3D reconstructed pore networks were generated from the microstructural information measured by 3D images captured by X-ray computerized tomography (X-CT). The computed effective thermal conductivities based on the 2D and 3D calculations performed on the reconstructed porous structures were found to be nearly identical to those evaluated from the 2D cross-sectional images and the 3D X-CT images, respectively. In addition, the 3D computed effective thermal conductivity was found to agree better with the measured values, in comparison with the 2D reconstruction and real cross-sectional images. Finally, the thermal conductivities computed for different reconstructed porous 3D structures of cellular concretes were compared with those obtained from 2D computations performed on 2D reconstructed structures. This comparison revealed the differences between 2D and 3D image-based modeling. A correlation was thus derived between the results of the 3D and 2D models.

The Prognostic Value of CD8+ and CD45RO+ T Cells Infiltration and Beclin1 Expression Levels for Early Postoperative Cholangitis of Biliary Atresia Patients after Kasai Operation

Hong Jiang,Pengfei Gao,Huadong Chen,Zhihai Zhong,Man Shu,Zhichong Zhang,Jinbiao She,Juncheng Liu 대한의학회 2018 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.33 No.30

Background: Postoperative cholangitis is a common but severe complication after Kasai portoenterostomy for biliary atresia (BA). This study aimed to identify its prognostic factors Methods: Two sets of liver paraffin-embedded tissue samples were collected from BA patients who received Kasai portoenterostomy (n = 25 and n = 31, respectively). Patients were divided into non-cholangitis and cholangitis groups. The infiltration of CD4+ , CD8+ , CD45RO+ , CD68+ cells and expression of Beclin1 were quantitatively evaluated in immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Cholangitis group had a significantly lower CD8+ T cell infiltration but a higher CD45RO+ cell infiltration, and a lower Beclin1 level than non-cholangitis group (all P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that infiltration of CD8+ cells (odds ratio [OR], 0.112; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.022–0.577) and CD45RO+ cells (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.37–11.03), and Beclin1 level (OR, 0.088; 95% CI, 0.018–0.452) were independent influence factors for early postoperative cholangitis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that area under ROC curve (AUROC) values for CD8+ cells, CD45RO+ cells and Beclin1 were 0.857, 0.738 and 0.900, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated the CD8+ cells, CD45RO+ cells and Beclin1 level possessed the prognostic value for early postoperative cholangitis following Kasai operation, which may be helpful to develop new prevention and treatment strategies for postoperative cholangitis.

Establishment of and Comparison between Orthotopic Xenograft and Subcutaneous Xenograft Models of Gallbladder Carcinoma

Du, Qiang,Jiang, Lei,Wang, Xiao-Qian,Pan, Wei,She, Fei-Fei,Chen, Yan-Ling Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most common carcinoma of the biliary system. Among its research models, orthotopic xenograft models, important research tools, have been rarely reported in the literature however. Aim: To explore establishment of an orthotopic xenograft model and to evaluate the advantage and disadvantage as compared with other models. Materials and Methods: Subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic xenograft models of gallbladder carcinoma in nude mice were established and compared with human gallbladder carcinomas. Results: For the orthotopic xenograft model and clinical gallbladder carcinomas, the lymph node metastatic rates were 69.2% and 53.3% (p>0.05); ascites generation rates, 38.5% and 11.7%(p<0.05); liver invasive rates, 100% and 61.7%(p<0.05); and lymphatic vessel densities (LVD), $10.4{\pm}3.02$ and $8.77{\pm}2.92$ (p>0.05), respectively. In the subcutaneous xenograft model, no evidence of ascites generation, lymph node metastasis and liver metastasis were found, and its LVD was lower ($4.56{\pm}1.53$, p<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with the subcutaneous xenograft model, the orthotopic xenograft model better simulates clinical gallbladder carcinoma in terms of metastasis and invasion, which may be attributed to the difference in microenvironment and LVD.

Effects of Gal-13 on the Content of Immunoglobulin, Proliferation of Lymphocyte and Antibody Titers after Vaccination with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Vaccine in Chickens

Yang, Yurong,Jiang, Yibao,She, Ruiping,Peng, Kaisong,Zhou, Xuemei,Yin, Qingqiang,Wang, Decheng,Liu, Tianlong,Bao, Huihui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.3

Gal-13 is an antimicrobial peptide isolated from chicken intestine. Ninety chickens were randomly divided into two groups (45 chickens for each group) to determine the effect of oral administration of Gal-13 on the acquired immune response. The chickens in the first group were fed a diet without Gal-13 as the control, and the chickens in the second group were fed the same diet, except that Gal-13 ($1{\mu}g/ml$) was suspended in drinking water just after hatching. Samples of blood, thymus, bursa of fabricius and spleen were taken at day 1, 4, 7, 10 and 17. The chickens in both groups received infectious bursal disease virus vaccine at day 20, and then sera samples were collected for analysis at 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after vaccination. The results showed: (1) Gal-13 could enhance the content of immunoglobulin (Ig)G at the age of 4 to10 days (p<0.05) and IgM at the age of 4 and 10 days (p<0.05) in the serum; (2) In vitro experiments showed that Gal-13 (0.625-1.250${\mu}g/ml$) enhanced the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes of the chickens stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and concanavlin A (ConA). Compared to the control, Gal-13 (1 ${\mu}g/ml$) enhanced the proliferation of bursa lymphocytes at 17 days of age (p<0.01) and thymus lymphocytes at 7 days of age (p<0.01), but restrained lymphocyte proliferation in chicken spleen and differed significantly at day 10 (p<0.01); (3) Gal-13 enhanced infectious bursal disease virus antibody in sera of chickens 21 days after infectious bursal disease virus vaccine administration (p<0.05). These results suggested that Gal-13 could modulate adaptive immune responses of chickens.

Asp97 is a Crucial Residue Involved in the Ligation of the [Fe4S4] Cluster of IscA from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

( Hui Dan Jiang ),( Xiao Jian Zhang ),( Chen Bing Ai ),( Yuan Dong Liu ),( Jian She Liu ),( Guan Zhou Qiu ),( Jia Zeng ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.6

Berberine protects against palmitate induced beta cell injury via promoting mitophagy

Li Mo,She Jiang,Ma Louyan,Ma Li,Ma Xiaorui,Zhai Jiajia 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.7

Background: Destruction of pancreatic beta cells is the most typical characteristic of diabetes. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of berberine (BBR), a bioactive isoquinoline derivative alkaloid, on beta cell injury. Methods: Rodent pancreatic beta cell line INS-1 was treated with 0.5 mM palmitate (PA) for 24 h to establish an in vitro beta cell injury model. Results: BBR at 5 µM promoted cell viability, inhibited cell apoptosis and enhanced insulin secretion in PA-induced INS-1 cells. BBR treatment also suppressed PA-induced oxidative stress in INS-1 cells, as evidenced by the decreased ROS production and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, suppressed ATP production and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential were restored by BBR in PA-treated INS-1 cells. It was further determined that BBR affected the expressions of mitophagy-associated proteins, suggesting that BBR promoted mitophagy in PA-exposed INS-1 cells. Meanwhile, we found that BBR facilitated nuclear expression and DNA-binding activity of Nrf2, an antioxidative protein that can regulate mitophagy. Finally, a rescue experiment was performed and the results demonstrated that the effect of BBR on cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial function in PA-induced INS-1 cells were cancelled by PINK1 knockdown. Conclusions: BBR protects islet β cells from PA-induced injury, and this protective effect may be achieved by regulating mitophagy. The present study may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for β cell injury in diabetes mellitus.

Study on rectangular concrete-filled steel tubes with unequal wall thickness

Yang Zhang,Chen-Jiang Yu,Guang-Yuan Fu,Bing Chen,She-Xu Zhao,Si-Ping Li 국제구조공학회 2016 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.22 No.5

Rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular columns with unequal wall thickness were investigated in the paper. The physical centroid, the centroidal principal axes of inertia, and the section core were given. The generalized bending formula and the generalized eccentric compression formula were deduced, and the equation of the neutral axis was also provided. The two rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular stub specimens subjected to the compression load on the physical centroid and the geometric centroid respectively were tested to verify the theoretical formulas.

Robust Contractive Economic MPC for Nonlinear Systems with Additive Disturbance

Meng Zhao,Can-Chen Jiang,Ming-Hong She 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.5

This article presents two novel robust contractive economic model predictive control (EMPC) algorithms with guaranteed input-to-state stability for nonlinear disturbed systems. Specifically, the first one adopts the nonquadratic economic objective function and implements the control sequence in block fashion, i.e., re-optimizing after all N control laws being applied. The second one takes receding horizon optimization strategy and only apply the first element in control sequence at each step. By appropriately chosen the contraction rate P in contractive constraint, the closed-loop system under each control algorithm is proven to be input-to-state stable. In order to illustrate the efficiency of proposed algorithms, a disturbed CSTR model is utilized.

Generalized-extended-state-observer-based Repetitive Control for DC Motor Servo System with Mismatched Disturbances

Lan Zhou,Fuxi Jiang,Jinhua She,Zhu Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.8

This paper presents a generalized-extended-state-observer (GESO)-based repetitive control (RC) method for a direct-current motor servo system (DCMSS) subject to parameter perturbation and load torque variation, which are mismatched. A GESO is constructed to estimate the lumped disturbance in real time fashion. Incorporating the estimate into a state-feedback RC law yields a composite controller with a dynamical compensation gain, which ensures that the suppression of the mismatched total disturbance and the tracking of periodic signal are achieved simultaneously. The stability criterion and design procedure of the system are developed. Finally, simulation results show that the GESO-RC based DCMSS effectively eliminates the influences on the output of the parameter variation and the load disturbance and has both satisfactory dynamical performance and robustness. Comparisons with conventional PID control, PID-RC, and standard extended-state-observer based RC demonstrate the superiority of this method.