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Berberine protects against palmitate induced beta cell injury via promoting mitophagy
Li Mo,She Jiang,Ma Louyan,Ma Li,Ma Xiaorui,Zhai Jiajia 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.7
Background: Destruction of pancreatic beta cells is the most typical characteristic of diabetes. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of berberine (BBR), a bioactive isoquinoline derivative alkaloid, on beta cell injury. Methods: Rodent pancreatic beta cell line INS-1 was treated with 0.5 mM palmitate (PA) for 24 h to establish an in vitro beta cell injury model. Results: BBR at 5 µM promoted cell viability, inhibited cell apoptosis and enhanced insulin secretion in PA-induced INS-1 cells. BBR treatment also suppressed PA-induced oxidative stress in INS-1 cells, as evidenced by the decreased ROS production and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, suppressed ATP production and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential were restored by BBR in PA-treated INS-1 cells. It was further determined that BBR affected the expressions of mitophagy-associated proteins, suggesting that BBR promoted mitophagy in PA-exposed INS-1 cells. Meanwhile, we found that BBR facilitated nuclear expression and DNA-binding activity of Nrf2, an antioxidative protein that can regulate mitophagy. Finally, a rescue experiment was performed and the results demonstrated that the effect of BBR on cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial function in PA-induced INS-1 cells were cancelled by PINK1 knockdown. Conclusions: BBR protects islet β cells from PA-induced injury, and this protective effect may be achieved by regulating mitophagy. The present study may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for β cell injury in diabetes mellitus.
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Lei Ma,Tingwei Huang,Han Qiu,Zhangxian Yang,Xiaorui He,Jiazhong Qian 한국지질과학협의회 2021 Geosciences Journal Vol.25 No.5
The current study aims to identify the hydrogeochemical characteristics, formation mechanism and evolution law of shallow groundwater in Dangshan, China, and to evaluate the suitability of the groundwater for irrigation. In this study, ninety-six samples were taken to investigate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater in Dangshan County. The geographic information system (GIS) method was used to analyse the spatial distribution characteristics of total dissolved solids (TDS). Gibbs diagram, Binary relation analysis and reverse geochemical reaction simulation method were utilised to reveal the main formation mechanism of relatively high TDS in this region. The results show that water-rock interaction and evapotranspiration are the main mechanisms for controlling the chemical evolution of shallow groundwater in wet and dry seasons in the study area, respectively. The main waterrock interactions in the study area include dissolution of halite and dolomite, the precipitation of gypsum, as well as cation exchange and adsorption. Suitability of shallow groundwater quality for irrigation use was evaluated according to the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the electrical conductivity (EC) with a United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagram. Meanwhile, GIS technology was used to demonstrate the spatial distribution of irrigation suitability variations. Based on the spatial interpolation result on the USSL salinity diagram classification, the shallow groundwater in 89% of the study area is suitable for irrigation, while 11% of the area is unsuitable for irrigation.
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Xiaoyan Feng,Xin Wen,Ling Li,Zhenchang Sun,Xin Li,Lei Zhang,Jingjing Wu,Xiaorui Fu,Xinhua Wang,Hui Yu,Xinran Ma,Xudong Zhang,Xinli Xie,Xingmin Han,Mingzhi Zhang 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.3
Purpose There is no optimal prognostic model for T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). Here, we discussed the predictive value of total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) in T-LBL.Materials and Methods Thirty-seven treatment naïve T-LBL patients with PET-CT scans were enrolled. TMTV was obtained using the 41% maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) threshold method, and TLG was measured as metabolic tumor volume multiplied by the mean SUV. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves and compared by the log-rank test.Results The optimal cutoff values for SUVmax, TMTV, and TLG were 12.7, 302 cm3, and 890, respectively. A high SUVmax, TMTV, and TLG indicated a shorten PFS and OS. On multivariable analysis, TMTV ≥ 302 cm3, and central nervous system (CNS) involvement predicted inferior PFS, while high SUVmax, TLG and CNS involvement were associated with worse OS. Subsequently, we generated a risk model comprising high SUVmax, TMTV or TLG and CNS involvement, which stratified the population into three risk groups, which had significantly different median PFS of not reached, 14 months, and 7 months for low-risk group, mediate-risk group, and high-risk group, respectively (p < 0.001). Median OS were not reached, 27 months, and 13 months, respectively (p < 0.001).Conclusion Baseline SUVmax, TMTV, and TLG measured on PET-CT are strong predictors of worse outcome in T-LBL. A risk model integrating these three parameters with CNS involvement identifies patients at high risk of disease progression.
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