Pharmacognostic evaluation of the roots of Berberis lycium royle

Srivastava, Sharad Kumar,Rawat, Ajay Kumar Singh,Mehrotra, Shanta Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2010 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.10 No.3

Berberis lycium (family Berberidaceae) has a close affinity with B. aristata, used in India Traditional Systems of Medicine as a drug 'Daruharidra' for skin disease, jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism. Various species of Berberis are being sold in India herbal drug market. During the market surveillance of different herbal drug markets of India, it was observed that almost all the markets either comprise of Berberis lycium or Berberis asiatica. Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been made to identify marker characters of this potent species.

Pharmacognostic evaluation of the roots of Berberis lycium royle

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat,Shanta Mehrotra 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2010 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.10 No.3

Berberis lycium (family Berberidaceae) has a close affinity with B. aristata, used in India Traditional Systems of Medicine as a drug ‘Daruharidra’ for skin disease, jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism. Various species of Berberis are being sold in India herbal drug market. During the market surveillance of different herbal drug markets of India, it was observed that almost all the markets either comprise of Berberis lycium or Berberis asiatica. Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been made to identify marker characters of this potent species.

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Roots of Berberis tinctoria Lesch.

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat 한국생약학회 2007 Natural Product Sciences Vol.13 No.1

tinctoria (Berberidaceae), commonly known as Nilgiri Barberry is a comon allied speciesto B. aristata, Daruharidra’ for skin disease,jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism. Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been madeto identify marker characters of B. tinctoria. Some of the diagnostic features of the root are patches of pericyclicfibre, pitted sclerieds, crystals, berberine containing cells and heterocyclic medullary rays. Besides, thephysicochemical characters such as total ash; acid insoluble ash; alcohol and water soluble extractive; tannins;sugar and starch percentages has also shown some variations. The percentage of berberine as berberineB.aristata, B. asiatica and B. chitria i.e. 3.36%. Thus it can be explored as a possible source of substitute to B.aristata.KeywordsBerberis tinctoria, HPTLC, Daruharidra, Substitute

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Curcuma aeurigenosa Roxb.

Sharad Srivastava,Nitin Chitranshi,Sanjay Srivastava,Mathew Dan,AKS Rawat,Palpu Pushpangadan 한국생약학회 2006 Natural Product Sciences Vol.12 No.3

aeruginosa Roxb. (FamilyZingeberaceae), comonly known as “pink and blue ginger” iscultivated in southern India. The plant is distinguished by red corolla lobes and ferruginous or greenish-bluerhizome. Rhizoma is used medicinally as anti-diarrheal, anti-fungal; external use as astringent for wounds. Adetailed pharmacognostic evaluation of its rhizome showed total ash 6.1%, acid insoluble ash 1.20%, alcoholsoluble extractives 3.70%, water soluble extractives 14.50%, sugar 20.93%, starch 41.85%, and tannins 0.68%.On hydro distillation, the rhizomes and sesile tubers yielded 0.17% oil.KeywordsCurcuma aueriginosa, rhizome, pharmacognosy, standardization

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Roots of Berberis chitria Lindl.

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat,Manjoosha Srivastava,Shanta Mehrotra 한국생약학회 2006 Natural Product Sciences Vol.12 No.1

chitria (family Berberidaceae) has a close affinity with B. aristata, used in traditionalsystems of medicine as a drug ‘Daruharidra’ for skin disease, jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism.Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been made to identify marker characters of B. chitria inorder to differentiate the two species. Some of the diagnostic features of the root are patches of pericyclic fibre,pitted sclerieds and berberine containing cells and heterocyclic medullary rays. Besides, the physicochemicalcharacters such as total ash; acid insoluble ash; alcohol and water soluble extractive; tannins; sugar and starchpercentages has shown variations. The percentage of berberine as berberine hydrochloride was also calculatedB. aristata and B. asiatica i.e. 3.16%.Thus, this species can be utilized as a possible substitute to Daruharidra.KeywordsBerberis chitria, HPTLC, Daruharidra, substitute

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Root of Berberis aristata DC.

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Sayyada Khatoon,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat,Shanta Mehrotra,Palpu Pushpangadan 한국생약학회 2001 Natural Product Sciences Vol.7 No.4

Berberis aristata (family Berberidaceae), known as `Daruharidra` in Ayurvedic system of medicine, is an important medicinal plant used extensively for treating a variety of ailments in various systems of indigenous medicine. Being an important medicinal plant it is being adulterated and in the absence of any pharmacognostic information it is very difficult to check the adulteration. The present study was therefore, carried out to provide the requisite pharmacognostic details. Morphological, anatomical and phytochemical aspects of B. aristata were carried out. Diagnostic features of B. aristata root were identified and characterized from the above investigations and presented in the present communication. Some of the diagnostic features of the root drug noted from the anatomical study are patches of pericyclic fibre, pitted sclerieds, berberine containing cells and heterocyclic medullary rays. HPTLC analysis showed three distinct bands of which berberine was identified as the major constituents. The R_f value of other bands was also calculated.

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Pipper longum Linn. Fruit

Manjoosha Srivastava,Meenu Gupta,Sharad Srivastava,Shanta Mehrotra,Vinita Sharma,AKS Rawat 한국생약학회 2007 Natural Product Sciences Vol.13 No.2

present study includes macro and microscopical details, powder study, physico-chemical studyand HPTLC fingerprinting of the Piper longum fruits. Microscopic studies revealed the presence of stone cells,starch grains and thin walled fragments of parenchymatous cells. Physico-chemical studies showed alcohol andether soluble extract 24.53 and 6.7, sugar 0.35, starch 21.33 and tannin 0.83% respectively. Successive soxhletextract showed maximum percentage of hexane soluble fraction i.e. 22.52. The HPTLC profile has also beenperformed against the reference marker piperine, which was identified at Rf 0.42. pharmacognostical evaluation of fruit has been undertaken.KeywordsPiper longum, Pharmacognosy, HPTLC.

Physiological Mechanism and Nutrient Management Strategies for Flood Tolerance in Rice Grown in Lowland Flood Prone Ecosystem

Sharad Kumar Dwivedi,Santosh Kumar,Narayan Bhakta,Ashish Kumar Srivastava,Janki Sharan Mishra,Virendar Kumar,B H Kumara,Bhagwati Prasad Bhatt,Sudhanshu Singh 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

In flood-prone areas, rice must have flood tolerance characteristics either through genotypic selections or by nutrient application management strategies. The current study was conducted at ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during the wet season to investigate the effect of post-flood nutrient application methods on submerged rice survival and productivity. Our study showed that the 3-d submergence duration had no effect on the survival (100%) of 21-day-old seedlings but survival percentage decreased to 97 and 65% at 7-d and 11-d submergence, respectively. Total chlorophyll, total soluble sugar, and starch concentrations also exhibited a similar pattern of decline. The activity of anti-oxidative defense enzymes (CAT, POX, SOD, and APX), recorded just after de-submergence was found to be 1.5-10-foldhigher than before submergence, increasing with the increase in the severity of stress. Additional post-flood application of K2O and N at 5-6 days after de-submergence led to the improvement in photosynthetic rate, yield attributes, and grain yield. An additional 10 kg each of N and K2O produced maximum 1000-grain weight and higher grain yield and harvest index. After submergence, the meta-analysis exhibited a significant reduction in total chlorophyll concentration due to increasing submergence duration, whereas the significantly higher activity of antioxidants was recorded irrespective of submergence duration. In association with the better anti-oxidative defense mechanism of Sub1 varieties, the additional doses of N and K2O at 5-d after de-submergence significantly enhanced the survival, post-flood recovery, and the rate of photosynthesis after de-submergence. These nutrient management options can provide an opportunity to explore the productivity potential of the SUB1-introgressed variety under natural flash-flood conditions, helping to cope with the existing problems in flood-prone areas. The findings of the study suggest that a proper time and method of N application with basal P can significantly contribute to higher rice yield in flash-flood prone areas.

Antimicrobial Studies of Stem of Different Berberis Species

Meenakshi Singh,Sharad Srivastava,AKS Rawat 한국생약학회 2009 Natural Product Sciences Vol.15 No.2

Berberis is an important medicinal plant, of the family Berberidaceae. Different Berberis species and their parts are very common in herbal drug markets of India and world over as an adulterant/substitute to ‘Daruharidra’ i.e. B. aristata DC. Antimicrobial activity of 50% hydroalcoholic extracts of stem of four Berberis species viz. B. aristata DC., B. asiatica Roxb. ex DC., B. chitria Lindl. and B. lycium Royle and the isolated alkaloid berberine were tested against eleven bacterial and eight fungal strains. The extracts with the strongest antibacterial activity was obtained from B. lycium followed by B. aristata, B. asiatica and B. chitria. Based on these results it is possible to conclude that the hydroalcoholic extract and alkaloid (berberine) has stronger and broader spectrum against bacterial strains as compared to fungal strains. The result obtained in the present study authenticates and support the use of these plants in folklore medicine for treatment of various infectious diseases caused by the bacterial pathogens. However, an attempt has been made to explore the possibilities of utilizing stem part rather than roots of these species with the aim to conserve this species which is over exploited due to diverse use of its root. These findings will stimulate the search for novel, natural products as new antibacterial/ antifungal agents which may be useful to pharmaceutical industries.

Congenital Absence of Posterior Elements of C2 Vertebra with Atlanto-Axial Dislocation and Basilar Invagination: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Sudhir Kumar Srivastava,Pradip Sharad Nemade,Rishi Anil Aggarwal,Sunil Krishna Bhoale 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.1

Developmental anomalies of the axis are commonly encountered, especially anomalies involving the odontoid process. Anomalies of the posterior elements are uncommon. We describe a unique case of agenesis of posterior elements of C2 with basilar invagination and atlanto-axial dislocation. An obese 8-year-old boy presented with symptoms of cervical myelopathy. Radiological workup revealed a craniovertebral junction anomaly with occipitalised atlas, absent posterior elements of axis, and hypertrophied C3 spinous process. Atlanto-axial instability and basilar invagination was present. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed hypoplastic left vertebral artery. Traction with cervical tongs failed to improve the alignment and symptoms. Anterior trans-oral release, followed by posterior decompression and custom-made instrumentation, was done. The patient recovered completely and was asymptomatic at the end of two years. X-ray and computed tomography scan demonstrated reduction of basilar invagination and maintenance of alignment. This is the first case to be reported of agenesis of posterior elements of axis associated with basilar invagination. One should look for this condition in patients with hypertrophied spinous process of C3. Utilization of hypoplastic pedicle of axis serves as an additional fixation point to increase the stability of the construct.