Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Roots of Berberis chitria Lindl.

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat,Manjoosha Srivastava,Shanta Mehrotra 한국생약학회 2006 Natural Product Sciences Vol.12 No.1

chitria (family Berberidaceae) has a close affinity with B. aristata, used in traditionalsystems of medicine as a drug ‘Daruharidra’ for skin disease, jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism.Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been made to identify marker characters of B. chitria inorder to differentiate the two species. Some of the diagnostic features of the root are patches of pericyclic fibre,pitted sclerieds and berberine containing cells and heterocyclic medullary rays. Besides, the physicochemicalcharacters such as total ash; acid insoluble ash; alcohol and water soluble extractive; tannins; sugar and starchpercentages has shown variations. The percentage of berberine as berberine hydrochloride was also calculatedB. aristata and B. asiatica i.e. 3.16%.Thus, this species can be utilized as a possible substitute to Daruharidra.KeywordsBerberis chitria, HPTLC, Daruharidra, substitute

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Root of Berberis aristata DC.

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Sayyada Khatoon,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat,Shanta Mehrotra,Palpu Pushpangadan 한국생약학회 2001 Natural Product Sciences Vol.7 No.4

Berberis aristata (family Berberidaceae), known as `Daruharidra` in Ayurvedic system of medicine, is an important medicinal plant used extensively for treating a variety of ailments in various systems of indigenous medicine. Being an important medicinal plant it is being adulterated and in the absence of any pharmacognostic information it is very difficult to check the adulteration. The present study was therefore, carried out to provide the requisite pharmacognostic details. Morphological, anatomical and phytochemical aspects of B. aristata were carried out. Diagnostic features of B. aristata root were identified and characterized from the above investigations and presented in the present communication. Some of the diagnostic features of the root drug noted from the anatomical study are patches of pericyclic fibre, pitted sclerieds, berberine containing cells and heterocyclic medullary rays. HPTLC analysis showed three distinct bands of which berberine was identified as the major constituents. The R_f value of other bands was also calculated.

Pharmacognostic evaluation of the roots of Berberis lycium royle

Srivastava, Sharad Kumar,Rawat, Ajay Kumar Singh,Mehrotra, Shanta Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2010 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.10 No.3

Berberis lycium (family Berberidaceae) has a close affinity with B. aristata, used in India Traditional Systems of Medicine as a drug 'Daruharidra' for skin disease, jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism. Various species of Berberis are being sold in India herbal drug market. During the market surveillance of different herbal drug markets of India, it was observed that almost all the markets either comprise of Berberis lycium or Berberis asiatica. Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been made to identify marker characters of this potent species.

Physiological Mechanism and Nutrient Management Strategies for Flood Tolerance in Rice Grown in Lowland Flood Prone Ecosystem

Sharad Kumar Dwivedi,Santosh Kumar,Narayan Bhakta,Ashish Kumar Srivastava,Janki Sharan Mishra,Virendar Kumar,B H Kumara,Bhagwati Prasad Bhatt,Sudhanshu Singh 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

In flood-prone areas, rice must have flood tolerance characteristics either through genotypic selections or by nutrient application management strategies. The current study was conducted at ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during the wet season to investigate the effect of post-flood nutrient application methods on submerged rice survival and productivity. Our study showed that the 3-d submergence duration had no effect on the survival (100%) of 21-day-old seedlings but survival percentage decreased to 97 and 65% at 7-d and 11-d submergence, respectively. Total chlorophyll, total soluble sugar, and starch concentrations also exhibited a similar pattern of decline. The activity of anti-oxidative defense enzymes (CAT, POX, SOD, and APX), recorded just after de-submergence was found to be 1.5-10-foldhigher than before submergence, increasing with the increase in the severity of stress. Additional post-flood application of K2O and N at 5-6 days after de-submergence led to the improvement in photosynthetic rate, yield attributes, and grain yield. An additional 10 kg each of N and K2O produced maximum 1000-grain weight and higher grain yield and harvest index. After submergence, the meta-analysis exhibited a significant reduction in total chlorophyll concentration due to increasing submergence duration, whereas the significantly higher activity of antioxidants was recorded irrespective of submergence duration. In association with the better anti-oxidative defense mechanism of Sub1 varieties, the additional doses of N and K2O at 5-d after de-submergence significantly enhanced the survival, post-flood recovery, and the rate of photosynthesis after de-submergence. These nutrient management options can provide an opportunity to explore the productivity potential of the SUB1-introgressed variety under natural flash-flood conditions, helping to cope with the existing problems in flood-prone areas. The findings of the study suggest that a proper time and method of N application with basal P can significantly contribute to higher rice yield in flash-flood prone areas.

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Roots of Berberis tinctoria Lesch.

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat 한국생약학회 2007 Natural Product Sciences Vol.13 No.1

tinctoria (Berberidaceae), commonly known as Nilgiri Barberry is a comon allied speciesto B. aristata, Daruharidra’ for skin disease,jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism. Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been madeto identify marker characters of B. tinctoria. Some of the diagnostic features of the root are patches of pericyclicfibre, pitted sclerieds, crystals, berberine containing cells and heterocyclic medullary rays. Besides, thephysicochemical characters such as total ash; acid insoluble ash; alcohol and water soluble extractive; tannins;sugar and starch percentages has also shown some variations. The percentage of berberine as berberineB.aristata, B. asiatica and B. chitria i.e. 3.36%. Thus it can be explored as a possible source of substitute to B.aristata.KeywordsBerberis tinctoria, HPTLC, Daruharidra, Substitute

Pharmacognostic evaluation of the roots of Berberis lycium royle

Sharad Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat,Shanta Mehrotra 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2010 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.10 No.3

Berberis lycium (family Berberidaceae) has a close affinity with B. aristata, used in India Traditional Systems of Medicine as a drug ‘Daruharidra’ for skin disease, jaundice, affection of eyes, and rheumatism. Various species of Berberis are being sold in India herbal drug market. During the market surveillance of different herbal drug markets of India, it was observed that almost all the markets either comprise of Berberis lycium or Berberis asiatica. Keeping this in view, in the present study attempts have been made to identify marker characters of this potent species.

Congenital Absence of Posterior Elements of C2 Vertebra with Atlanto-Axial Dislocation and Basilar Invagination: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Sudhir Kumar Srivastava,Pradip Sharad Nemade,Rishi Anil Aggarwal,Sunil Krishna Bhoale 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.1

Developmental anomalies of the axis are commonly encountered, especially anomalies involving the odontoid process. Anomalies of the posterior elements are uncommon. We describe a unique case of agenesis of posterior elements of C2 with basilar invagination and atlanto-axial dislocation. An obese 8-year-old boy presented with symptoms of cervical myelopathy. Radiological workup revealed a craniovertebral junction anomaly with occipitalised atlas, absent posterior elements of axis, and hypertrophied C3 spinous process. Atlanto-axial instability and basilar invagination was present. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed hypoplastic left vertebral artery. Traction with cervical tongs failed to improve the alignment and symptoms. Anterior trans-oral release, followed by posterior decompression and custom-made instrumentation, was done. The patient recovered completely and was asymptomatic at the end of two years. X-ray and computed tomography scan demonstrated reduction of basilar invagination and maintenance of alignment. This is the first case to be reported of agenesis of posterior elements of axis associated with basilar invagination. One should look for this condition in patients with hypertrophied spinous process of C3. Utilization of hypoplastic pedicle of axis serves as an additional fixation point to increase the stability of the construct.

Apical Vertebral Column Resection with Sagittal Rotation and Controlled Anterior Opening and Posterior Closing Maneuver for the Treatment of Severe Post-Tubercular Kyphosis: Case Series and Literature Review

Sudhir Kumar Srivastava,Rishi Anil Aggarwal,Sunil Krishna Bhosale,Kunal Roy,Pradip Sharad Nemade,Shaligram Purohit 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.3

Study Design: Retrospective case series. Purpose: Describe the technique and evaluate the outcome of apical vertebral column resection (VCR) with sagittal rotation and anterior opening and posterior closing (AOPC) maneuver for correction of severe post-tubercular kyphosis (PTK). Overview of Literature: The surgical procedures described for the correction of PTK are VCR, pedicle subtraction osteotomy, transpedicular decancellation osteotomy, and closing-opening osteotomy. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 21 patients who had been operated on with single stage apical VCR with AOPC maneuver. Radiographs were obtained before surgery and at regular follow-up intervals. These were used to calculate the angle of kyphosis. Back pain was rated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and neurological status was graded using Frankel grading. Radiological outcome was assessed by the improvement in the angle of kyphosis and fusion following surgery. Neurological status was assessed using Frankel grading. Results: The study included eight males and 13 females with a mean age of 21.9 and average follow-up time of 30.4 months. The average number of vertebral bodies destroyed was 2.57. Kyphosis was improved from a mean of 68.42°±13.23° preoperative to 8.71°±4.58° postoperative. The average correction achieved was 87.10%. Preoperative VAS score improved from a mean of 6.38±0.92 preoperative to 1.38±0.49 postoperative. No patients had any sign of neurological deterioration. Seven out of eight patients with a preoperative neurological deficit improved following surgery. Two patients developed superficial wound maceration, one had persistent postoperative hypotension, and the other developed hemothorax. All patients recovered fully without a need for additional surgery. Conclusions: Single stage simultaneous anterior column lengthening and posterior column shortening is an effective method for surgical correction of severe PTK.

The Versatile Approach: A Novel Single Incision Combined with Anterior and Posterior Approaches for Decompression and Instrumented Fusion to Treat Tuberculosis of the Thoracic Spine

Sudhir Kumar Srivastava,Rishi Anil Aggarwal,Sunil Krishna Bhosale,Kunal Roy,Pradip Sharad Nemade 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.2

Study Design: Retrospective case series. Purpose: To describe a novel single incision that combines anterior and posterior approaches for decompression and instrumented fusion to treat tuberculosis of the thoracic spine and study the neurological and radiological outcomes. Overview of Literature: Tuberculosis of the spine remains a major health issue in many developing countries. The options for treating tuberculosis of the thoracic spine include the anterior, posterior, and combined approaches, each with its advantages and disadvantages. Methods: Totally, 143 patients with tuberculosis of the thoracic spine were surgically treated using the “Versatile approach”. Posterior fixation was performed using sublaminar wires and a Hartshill rectangle in all patients. Anterior reconstruction was accomplished using bone graft harvested from autologous rib, iliac crest, or fibula. Results: The study included 45 males and 98 females, with a mean age of 33.18±18.65 years (range, 3–82 years) and a mean followup of 60.23±24.56 months (range, 18–156 months). Kyphosis improved from a mean value of 24.02 preoperatively to 10.25 postoperatively. A preoperative neurological deficit was observed in 131 patients, with 130 patients regaining ambulatory power. No patient had deterioration of neurological status following surgery. Fusion was achieved in all cases. The visual analogscale score improved from an average score of 7.02 preoperatively to 1.51 at final follow-up. Eight patients had superficial macerations, which healed spontaneously. One patient had buckling of the anterior graft, and one patient had implant breakage following road traffic accident. Conclusions: The “Versatile approach” is an effective, single-stage, single-incision method that combines anterior and posterior approaches for the surgically treating tuberculosis of the thoracic spine. It offers the advantage of direct visualization for decompression and reconstruction of the anterior and posterior vertebral columns, thus providing an excellent, long-lasting clinical outcome.

Genetic diversity and population structure assessment of Hellenia speciosa from Indian agro-ecological regions using inter-simple sequence repeat markers

Prabhu Kamasamudra N.,Rodrigues Vereena,Kumar Amit,Kumar Manish,Srivastava Sharad,Shukla Ashutosh K.,Sundaresan Velusamy 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.2

Hellenia speciosa (J. Koenig) S. R. Dutta (Syn: Costus speciosus (J. Koenig) Sm.) is well known for its anti-diabetic proper- ties and is in high demand for its steroidal sapogenin, diosgenin, which is used in the pharmaceutical industry for manufac- turing steroidal drugs. The increasing demand for this plant has led to the depletion of its wild population. This study was conducted to reveal the genetic diversity of H. speciosa collected from various agro-ecological regions of India for use in devising conservational strategies, and cultivation and breeding programs. Twenty inter-simple sequence repeat markers yielded 304 products with 100% polymorphism demonstrating high genetic diversity. Nei′s gene diversity and Shannon information indexes were estimated among the populations as 0.19 ± 0.23 and 0.28 ± 0.25, respectively. High genetic dif- ferentiation ( GST = 0.40) and low gene fl ow ( Nm = 0.74) were observed, which corroborated with the analysis of molecular variance revealing maximum (86.75%) variance within populations. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean analysis grouped all accessions into three major clusters. Principal component analysis showed that the fi rst three compo- nents accounted for 30.66%, 4.54%, and 3.98% variation, respectively, and Bayesian clustering through structure showed the presence of two genetic population (K = 2). This study revealed high genetic diversity among the populations collected from high altitude compared to those from the plain. A positive but low correlation among genetic and geographic distances was obtained ( r = 0.282, p < 0.0001). Identifi cation of genetic diversity and intra population variation of a species are prime factors to take defi ned conservation strategies.