Molecular Mechanism of Capsaicin in Pancreatic Cancer Prevention and Therapy

SANJAY K. SRIVASTAVA 한의병리학회 2015 대한동의병리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Capsaicin, the pungent alkaloid of red pepper has been studied extensively for its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Several studies have shown significant chemopreventive effects of capsaicin against several mutagens and carcinogens. Recent studies indicated that capsaicin suppresses cancer growth by inhibiting cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Although, capsaicin is a TRPV1 agonist, various reports indicated that the anti-cancer effect of capsaicin is independent of TRPV1. Our studies have shown that capsaicin suppresses the growth of various pancreatic cancer cells and induces apoptotic death. Interestingly, effects of capsaicin were more specific to cancer cells with little or no toxicity towards normal human pancreatic cells. By modulating mitochondrial electron transport complexes, capsaicin generates reactive oxygen species and disrupts mitochondrial functions of pancreatic cancer cells, resulting in the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and activating caspase-3 cascade. In addition, capsaicin reduces the levels of cellular antioxidants like glutathione, thioredoxin and superoxide dismutase. Capsaicin also inhibits beta catenin pathway and acetylates FOXO-1 through CBP, leading to apoptosis. Oral administration of 5mg/kg capsaicin suppresses the growth of various pancreatic tumor cells in xenograft and orthotopic tumor model. In addition, 10 p.p.m. capsaicin in diet for eight weeks significantly suppresses chronic pancreatitis and progression of PanIN-1 to high grade PanIN-2 and PanIN-3 lesions in KRas<SUP>G12D</SUP>/Pdx-1 mouse model of pancreatic cancer. When given in combination, capsaicin significantly potentiates the anti-tumor effects of gemcitabine. In conclusion, capsaicin targets multiple survival pathways in pancreatic cancer cells resulting in overall tumor growth suppression. [Supported by R01 grant CA129038 awarded by the National Cancer Institute. NIH]

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Curcuma aeurigenosa Roxb.

Sharad Srivastava,Nitin Chitranshi,Sanjay Srivastava,Mathew Dan,AKS Rawat,Palpu Pushpangadan 한국생약학회 2006 Natural Product Sciences Vol.12 No.3

aeruginosa Roxb. (FamilyZingeberaceae), comonly known as “pink and blue ginger” iscultivated in southern India. The plant is distinguished by red corolla lobes and ferruginous or greenish-bluerhizome. Rhizoma is used medicinally as anti-diarrheal, anti-fungal; external use as astringent for wounds. Adetailed pharmacognostic evaluation of its rhizome showed total ash 6.1%, acid insoluble ash 1.20%, alcoholsoluble extractives 3.70%, water soluble extractives 14.50%, sugar 20.93%, starch 41.85%, and tannins 0.68%.On hydro distillation, the rhizomes and sesile tubers yielded 0.17% oil.KeywordsCurcuma aueriginosa, rhizome, pharmacognosy, standardization

Enhancement of Band Gap of ZnO Nanocrystalline Films at a Faster Rate Using Sr Dopant

Anchal Srivastava,Nishant Kumar,Kamakhya Prakash Misra,Sanjay Khare 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.4

A faster rate of band gap enhancement of ZnO nanocrystalline films using strontium dopant is reported for the first time. Hexagonal wurtzite Zn1-xSrxO films have been deposited by sol gel spin coating using zinc acetate. The optical band gap increases from 3.150 to 3.275 eV as the Sr concentration increases from x = 0 to x = 0.03 showing an enhancement of 3.96% which is substantially higher than those reported earlier using Mg or Ca dopants indicating the possibility of application in optoelectronics. Strong UV and comparatively weak defect related emission are observed in photoluminescence spectra of the films. The NBE emission at 3.10 eV for undoped ZnO thin film shows a blue shift of 53 meV as Sr dopant concentration increases to 3 at. %. Films are also characterized by FTIR, AFM, SEM and EDX. Distinct characteristic absorption for Zn-O stretching modes are present. Surface of Zn1-xSrxO polycrystalline thin films are significantly smooth and show pentagonal shaped grains which approach to uniform spherical grains throughout the surface with increase in dopant concentration. The crystallite size along (002) plane is less than 10 nm for all samples.

Caspase-9 as a therapeutic target for treating cancer

Kim, Bonglee,Srivastava, Sanjay K,Kim, Sung-Hoon Informa UK, Ltd. 2015 Expert opinion on therapeutic targets Vol.19 No.1

<P><B><I>Introduction:</I></B> Caspase-9 is the apoptotic initiator protease of the intrinsic or mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which is activated at multi-protein activation platforms. Its activation is believed to involve homo-dimerization of the monomeric zymogens. It binds to the apoptosome to retain substantial catalytic activity. Variety of apoptotic stimuli can regulate caspase-9. However, the mechanism of action of various regulators of caspase-9 has not been summarized and compared yet. In this article, we elucidate the regulators of caspase-9 including microRNAs, natural compounds that are related to caspase-9 and ongoing clinical trials with caspase-9 to better understand the caspase-9 in suppressing cancer.</P><P><B><I>Areas covered:</I></B> In this study, the basic mechanism of apoptosis pathways, regulators of caspase-9 and the development of drugs to regulate caspase-9 are reviewed. Also, ongoing clinical trials for caspase-9 are discussed.</P><P><B><I>Expert opinion:</I></B> Apoptosis has crucial role in cancer, brain disease, aging and heart disease to name a few. Since caspase-9 is an initiator caspase of apoptosis, it is an important therapeutic target of various diseases related to apoptosis. Therefore, a deep understanding on the roles as well as regulators of caspase-9 is required to find more effective ways to conquer apoptosis-related diseases especially cancer.</P>

Efficacy of trospium for prevention of catheter-related bladder discomfort: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study

Vinit Kumar Srivastava,Sanjay Agrawal,Sweta Anil Deshmukh,Febin Noushad,Saima Khan,Raj Kumar 대한마취통증의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.73 No.2

Background: Catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) is a frequent complaint after awakening from anesthesia in patients receiving perioperative bladder catheterization. Overactive bladder (OAB) and CRBD show similar symptoms; thus, drugs used for the management of OAB influence symptoms of CRBD. Trospium chloride has been found effective in managing resistant cases of OAB. We evaluated the efficacy of oral trospium on CRBD in the postoperative period. Methods: Sixty-four male and female adult patients, with planned spinal surgery and requiring urinary bladder catheterization, were randomly divided into two groups of 32 each. Group T patients received 60 mg extended-release oral trospium (extended-release) 1 h before induction of anesthesia and Group C patients received a similar-looking placebo. The anesthetic technique was identical in both groups. The CRBD score was evaluated in the postoperative ward using a 4-point scale (1 = no discomfort, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, 4 = severe). Readings were recorded on arrival (0 h), and 1 h, 2 h, and 6 h postoperatively. All patients received fentanyl for postoperative pain relief. Results: The incidence of CRBD was significantly higher in Group C than in Group T at 0 h (66% vs. 22%, P = 0.001) and 1 h postoperatively (72% vs. 28%, P = 0.001). The incidence of moderate to severe CRBD was higher in Group C at postoperative 2 h (82% vs. 14%, P = 0.004). There was no significant difference in postoperative fentanyl requirements. Conclusions: Pretreatment with 60 mg extended release trospium reduced the incidence and severity of CRBD in the early postoperative period.

Is Cervical Stabilization for All Cases of Chiari-I Malformation an Overkill? Evidence Speaks Louder Than Words!

Harsh Deora,Sanjay Behari,Jayesh Sardhara,Suyash Singh,Arun K. Srivastava 대한척추신경외과학회 2019 Neurospine Vol.16 No.2

Chiari I malformation is characterized by the downward displacement of cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. While discussing the treatment options for Chiari I malformation, the points of focus include: (1) Has the well-established procedure of posterior fossa decompression become outdated and has been replaced by posterior C1–2 stabilization in every case? (2) In case posterior stabilization is required, should a C1–2 stabilization, rather than an occipitocervical fusion, be the only procedure recommended? The review of literature revealed that when there is bony instability like atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD), occipito-atlanto-axial facet joint asymmetry or basilar invagination (BI) associated with Chiari I malformation, one should address the anterior bony compression as well as perform stabilization. This takes care of the compromised canal at the foramen magnum and re-establishes the cerebrospinal fluid flow along the craniospinal axis; and also provides treatment for CVJ instability. In the cases with a pure Chiari I malformation without AAD or BI and with completely symmetrical C1–2 joints, however, posterior fossa decompression with or without duroplasty is sufficient to bring about neurological improvement. The latter subset of cases with pure Chiari I malformation have, thus, shown significant (>70%) rates of neurological improvement with posterior fossa decompression alone. A C1–2 posterior stabilization is a more stable construct due to the strong bony purchase provided by the C1–2 lateral masses and the short lever arm of the construct. However, in the cases with significant bleeding from paravertebral venous plexus; a very high BI, condylar hypoplasia and occipitalized atlas; gross C1–2 rotation or vertical C1–2 joints with unilateral C1 or C2 facet hypoplasia, as well as the presence of subaxial scoliosis; maldevelopment of the lateral masses and facet joints (as in very young patients); or, the artery lying just posterior to the C1–2 facet joint capsule (being endangered by the C1–2 stabilization procedure), it may be safer to perform an occipitocervical rather than a C1–2 fusion.

Effect of secondary phases on the structure, morphology and dielectric properties of BiFeO3 synthesized through solution combustion technique

Pranat Jain,Sanjay Srivastava 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.1

In the present work, pure phase Bismuth Ferrite (BiFeO3) was synthesized through the solution combustion technique usingacetylacetone as chelating agent and urea as fuel. The samples calcined at various temperatures were studied to understandthe formation of secondary phases along with pure BiFeO3 and the effect of these secondary phases on the structure,morphology and dielectric properties of BiFeO3. Further, the crystallographic parameters were calculated using Rietveldrefinement. XRD and SEM analysis reveals that at higher calcinations temperatures the secondary phases disappear (12.53%to 0.07%) and the grains become uniformly distributed over the large area. While FTIR spectra reveals that highly crystallineBiFeO3 obtained at higher temperature. Dielectric properties were found to improve in pure bismuth ferrite as compared tothe samples with secondary phases.

Development of effective Urban Road Traffic Management using workflow wechniques for upcoming metro cities like Lucknow (India).

Manuj Darbari,Sanjay Medhavi,Abhay Kumar Srivastava 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.1 No.3

This paper discusses the application of Petrinet as the workflow tool to model urban Traffic system. The paper is divided into phase : the first phase deals with orthogonal extension into phase : the first phase deals with orthogonal extension of Petrinet to enhance the permutation of control and traffic flow simulation. The second phase discusses application of continuous pertinent with intelligent agents to the model the UTS in continuous format with single central control agent.

A Universal Craniometric Index for Establishing the Diagnosis of Basilar Invagination

Jayesh Sardhara,Sanjay Behari,Suyash Singh,Arun K. Srivastava,Gaurav Chauhan,Hira Lal,Kuntal K. Das,Kamlesh Singh Bhaisora,Anant Mehrotra,Prabhakar Mishra,Awadhesh K. Jaiswal 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Objective: The conventional criteria for defining the basilar invagination (BI) focus on the relationship of odontoid tip to basion and opisthion, landmarks that are intrinsically variable especially in presence of occipitalised atlas. A universal single reference line is proposed that helps in unequivocally establishing the diagnosis of BI, may be relevant in establishing both Goel types A and B BI, as well as in differentiating a ‘very high’ from ‘regular’ BI. Methods: Study design – case-control study. In 268 patients (group I with BI [n=89] including Goel type A BI [n=66], Goel type B BI [n=23], and group II controls [n=179]), the perpendicular distance between odontoid tip and line subtended between posterior tip of hard palate-internal occipital protuberance (P-IOP line) was measured. Logistic regression analysis determined factors influencing the proposed parameter (p<0.05). Results: In patients with a ‘very high’ BI (n=5), the odontoid tip intersected/or was above the P-IOP line. In patients with a ‘regular’ BI (n=84), the odontoid tip was 6.56±3.9mm below the P-IOP line; while in controls, this distance was 12.53±4.28 mm (p<0.01). In Goel type A BI, the distance was 7.01±3.78 mm and in type B BI, it was 5.07±4.19 mm (p=0.004). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis identified 9.0 mm (8.92–9.15 mm) as the cut-point for diagnosing BI using the odontoid tip-P-IOP line distance as reference. Conclusion: The odontoid tip either intersecting the P-IOP line (very high BI) or being <9 mm below the P-IOP line (Goel types A and B BI) is recommended as highly applicable criteria to establish the diagnosis of BI. This parameter may be useful in establishing the diagnosis in all varieties of BI.

Development of Effective Urban Road Traffic Management Using Workflow Techniques for Upcaming Metrocities like Lucknow (India)

Manuj Darbari,Sanjay Medhavi,Abhay Kumar Srivastava 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.2 No.2

This paper discusses the application of Petrinet as the workflow tool to model urban Traffic system. The paper is divided into phase : the first phase deals with orthogonal extension into phase : the first phase deals with orthogonal extension of Petrinet to enhance the permutation of control and traffic flow simulation. The second phase discusses application of continuous pertinent with intelligent agents to the model the UTS in continuous format with single central control agent.