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An Advanced Operation Mode with Product-Service System Using Lifecycle Big Data and Deep Learning
Shan Ren,Yingfeng Zhang,Tomohiko Sakao,Yang Liu,Ruilong Cai 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.1
As a successful business strategy for enhancing environmental sustainability and decreasing the natural resource consumption of societies, the product-service system (PSS) has raised significant interests in the academic and industrial community. However, with the digitisation of the industry and the advancement of multisensory technologies, the PSS providers face many challenges. One major challenge is how the PSS providers can fully capture and efficiently analyse the operation and maintenance big data of different products and different customers in different conditions to obtain insights to improve their production processes, products and services. To address this challenge, a new operation mode and procedural approach are proposed for operation and maintenance of bigger cluster products, when these products are provided as a part of PSS and under exclusive control by the providers. The proposed mode and approach are driven by lifecycle big data of large cluster products and employs deep learning to train the neural networks to identify the fault features, thereby monitoring the products’ health status. This new mode is applied to a real case of a leading CNC machine provider to illustrate its feasibility. Higher accuracy and shortened time for fault prediction are realised, resulting in the provider’s saving of the maintenance and operation cost.
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Investigation of Degradation Mechanism of Rabeprazole with Solid State Pharmaceutical Excipients
Ren, Shan,Tran, Thao Truong-Dinh,Tran, Phuong Ha-Lien,Rhee, Yun-Seok,Lee, Beom-Jin The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and 2010 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.40 No.6
Rabeprazole sodium (RPN) is known to be very unstable at acidic condition or some acidic pharmaceutical excipients such as acrylic acid polymer (carbomer 934) with carboxylic acids. Thus, degradation mechanism of binary blends of rabeprazole with pharmaceutical excipients in a solid state without using solvents at three different ratios (3:1, 1:1 and 1:3) was investigated using Fourier transform infrad (FTIR) spectroscopy. Alkalizer (MgO), neutral hydroxypropymethylcellulose (HPMC 4000) were also tested for comparison. The binary blends were stored under accelerated conditions ($40^{\circ}C$/75% relative humidity) for two weeks. The concentration of thioether rabeprazole from the binary blends with acidic carbomer 934 increased as the rabeprazole concentration decreased. In addition, the degradation half-life of rabeprazole as well as the relative peak area ratios obtained from FTIR spectra of S=O stretching at $1094.1\;cm^{-1}$ decreased consistently as the fraction of carbomer 934 increased due to its sensitivity between the basic benzimidazole nitrogen and carboxylic acid group of carbomer 934. The physical appearance also turned into strong brown color in the presence of carbomer 934. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the degradation kinetics of rabeprazole with MgO and HPMC 4000 in a solid state. This present study demonstrated that the solid-state compatibility test with the aid of HPLC chromatographic and FTIR spectral analyses could offer a valuable methodology to select suitable pharmaceutical excipients and to elucidate the degradation mechanism of RPN for drug formulations at the early formulation stages.
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Shan Ren,Mi-Jin Park,Aera Kim,이범진 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3
A reliable method to assess in vitro metabolic stability of rabeprazole and its modulation by Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)-listed pharmaceutical excipients was established in human liver microsomes. The metabolic stability of rabeprazole decreased as a function of incubation time, resulting in the formation of thioether rabeprazole via nonenzymatic degradation and enzymatic metabolism. Buffer type was also a determining factor for the degree of both nonenzymatic degradation and enzymatic metabolism. The net extent of enzymatic drug metabolism, obtained by calculating the difference in drug degradation between a microsomepresent reaction system and a microsome-free solution, was about 9.20 ± 0.67% in phosphate buffer and 2.27±1.76% in Tris buffer, respectively. Rabeprazole exhibited first-order kinetics in microsome-free solution but showed non-linear kinetics in the microsome-present reaction system. The maximal velocity, Vmax, in phosphate buffer was 5.07 µg mL-1 h-1 and the Michaelis- Menten constant, Km, was 10.39 µg mL-1 by computer-fitting to the classical Michaelis-Menten equation for pattern of time-dependent change in the substrate concentration. The intact drug and its thioether form were well resolved and successfully identified by HPLC chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC/MS). The metabolic stability of rabeprazole was also modulated by the presence of pharmaceutical excipients. Among the five pharmaceutical excipients tested, poloxamer 188 and Gelucire 44/14 had potentially inhibitory effects on rabeprazole metabolism in human liver microsomes (p < 0.05). A greater understanding of metabolic stability and its modulation by pharmaceutical excipients would be useful for optimizing the bioavailability of rabeprazole at the early formulation stages.
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Investigation of Degradation Mechanism of Rabeprazole with Solid State Pharmaceutical Excipients
( Shan Ren ),( Thao Truong Dinh Tran ),( Phuong Ha Lien Tran ),( Yun Seok Rhee ),( Beom Jin Lee ) 한국약제학회 2010 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.40 No.6
Rabeprazole sodium (RPN) is known to be very unstable at acidic condition or some acidic pharmaceutical excipients such as acrylic acid polymer (carbomer 934) with carboxylic acids. Thus, degradation mechanism of binary blends of rabeprazole with pharmaceutical excipients in a solid state without using solvents at three different ratios (3:1, 1:1 and 1:3) was investigated using Fourier transform infrad (FTIR) spectroscopy. Alkalizer (MgO), neutral hydroxypropymethylcellulose (HPMC 4000) were also tested for comparison. The binary blends were stored under accelerated conditions (40oC/75% relative humidity) for two weeks. The concentration of thioether rabeprazole from the binary blends with acidic carbomer 934 increased as the rabeprazole concentration decreased. In addition, the degradation half-life of rabeprazole as well as the relative peak area ratios obtained from FT-IR spectra of S=O stretching at 1094.1 cm1 decreased consistently as the fraction of carbomer 934 increased due to its sensitivity between the basic benzimidazole nitrogen and carboxylic acid group of carbomer 934. The physical appearance also turned into strong brown color in the presence of carbomer 934. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the degradation kinetics of rabeprazole with MgO and HPMC 4000 in a solid state. This present study demonstrated that the solid-state compatibility test with the aid of HPLC chromatographic and FTIR spectral analyses could offer a valuable methodology to select suitable pharmaceutical excipients and to elucidate the degradation mechanism of RPN for drug formulations at the early formulation stages.
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On Ditransitive Constructions: A Neo-Transformational Approach
Ren Shan,Sung Shim Hong 한국 현대 언어학회 2009 언어연구 Vol.25 No.3
Ditransitive constructions in English have been extensively studied by many scholars such as Larson (1988/1990), Aoun & Li (1989), Pesetsky (1995), den Dikken (1995), Harley (2002), Emonds & Whitney (2006), etc., and the grammatical relationship between the double object construction and the dative construction has been one of the main research topics in the generative syntax for decades. This paper reviews the two different approaches, a Transformational and a non-Transformational (or Lexicalist) approach, to the relationship between Double Object Construction (henceforth DOC) and Dative Construction (henceforth DC). We show that the typological variations in Chinese ditransitive constructions can easily, with an appropriate minor modification/revision, be accounted for under the Larsonian VP-shell architecture, which is a transformational approach. Furthermore, based on the identical semantic entailments between Chinese DC and DOC constructions, we argue that Chinese DCs and DOCs are better analyzed if a transformationalist approach is adopted, which constitutes a cross-linguistic support for the phenomena. (Chungnam National University)
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Ren, Shan,Park, Mi-Jin,Kim, Ae-Ra,Lee, Beom-Jin 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3
A reliable method to assess in vitro metabolic stability of rabeprazole and its modulation by Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)-listed pharmaceutical excipients was established in human liver microsomes. The metabolic stability of rabeprazole decreased as a function of incubation time, resulting in the formation of thioether rabeprazole via nonenzymatic degradation and enzymatic metabolism, Buffer type was also a determining factor for the degree of both nonenzymatic degradation and enzymatic and enzymatic metabolism. The net extent of enzymatic drug metabolism, obtained by calculating the difference in drug degradation between a microsome-present reaction System and a microsome-free solution, was about $9.20\;{\pm}\; 0.67$% in phosphate buffer and $2.27{\pm}1.76$% in Tris buffer, respectively. Rabeprazole exhibited first-order kinetics in Microsome-free solution but showed non-linear kinetics in the microsome-present reaction system. The maximal velocity, $V_{max}$ in phosphate buffer was 5.07 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}\;h^{-1}$ and the michaelis-Menten constant, $K_m$, was 10.39 ${\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ by computer-fitting to the classical Michaelis-Menten equation for pattern of time-dependent change in the substrate concentration. The intact drug and its thioether form were well resolved and successfully identified by HPLC chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC/MS). The metabolic stability of rabeprazole was also modulated by the presence of pharmaceutical excipients. Among the five pharmaceutical excipients tested, poloxamer 188 and Gelucire 44/14 had potentially inhibitory effects on rabeprazole metabolism in human liver microsomes (p < 0.05). A greater understanding of metabolic stability and its modulation by pharmaceutical excipients would be useful for optimizing the bioavailability of rabeprazole at the early formulation stages.
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Shan Jiang,Ce Cui,Weijie Wang,Erhui Ren,Hongyan Xiao,Mi Zhou,Jinzhong Tang,Cheng Cheng,Ronghui Guo 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.11
Multifunctional flexible conductive materials have attracted significant attention as next-generation portablewearable electronics. However, designing robust electronics fabrics with high-performance electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding and reliable use in all-weather environments remains a challenge. Herein, a practical and optimizedmethodology was provided to achieve surface metallization of insulating fabrics for conductive devices. The Ag seeds weresuccessfully embedded on the surface of viscose nonwovens as catalytic centers, and ammonia-free silver plating was carriedout at room temperature. Subsequently, the Ag-wrapped fabric was impregnated with 1-octadecanethiol so that the surface ofthe obtained fabric showed super-hydrophobicity and water contact angle can reach 152.3 °. The Ag/viscose exhibitsultrahigh conductivity (up to 538 S/cm) and the EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) reaches as high as 94.1 dB in the range of1-18 GHz. The obtained Ag/viscose possesses outstanding waterproof, strong mechanical durability, excellent Joule heatingeffect and antibacterial, which can be potentially applied for multifunctional wearable electronics and smart clothing.
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Ren, Yan,Kitahara, Cari Meinhold,de Gonzalez, Amy Berrington,Clero, Enora,Brindel, Pauline,Maillard, Stephane,Cote, Suzanne,Dewailly, Eric,Rachedi, Frederique,Boissin, Jean-Louis,Sebbag, Joseph,Shan, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13
Background: Numerous studies have suggested that selenium deficiency may be associated with an increased risk for several types of cancer, but few have focused on thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods: We examined the association between post-diagnostic fingernail selenium levels and differentiated thyroid cancer risk in a French Polynesian matched case-control study. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The median selenium concentration among controls was $0.76{\mu}g/g$. Significantly, we found no association between fingernail selenium levels and thyroid cancer risk after conditioning on year of birth and sex and additionally adjusting for date of birth (highest versus lowest quartile: odds-ratio=1.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.66-1.90; p-trend=0.30). After additional adjustment for other covariates, this association remained non-significant (p-trend=0.60). When restricting the analysis to thyroid cancer of 10 mm or more, selenium in nails was non-significantly positively linked to thyroid cancer risk (p-trend=0.09). Although no significant interaction was evidenced between iodine in nails and selenium in nails effect (p=0.70), a non-significant (p-trend =0.10) positive association between selenium and thyroid cancer risk was seen in patients with less than 3 ppm of iodine in nails. The highest fingernail selenium concentration in French Polynesia was in the Marquises Islands ($M=0.87{\mu}g/g$) and in the Tuamotu-Gambier Archipelago ($M=0.86{\mu}g/g$). Conclusions: Our results do not support, among individuals with sufficient levels of selenium, that greater long-term exposure to selenium may reduce thyroid cancer risk. Because these findings are based on post-diagnostic measures, studies with prediagnostic selenium are needed for corroboration.
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