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Antioxidant Properties of Methanolic Extracts from Leaves of Rhazya stricta
Shahid Iqbal,M.I. Bhanger,Mubeena Akhtar,Farooq Anwar,Khawaja Raees Ahmed,Tabraz Anwer 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.2
Because of increased safety concerns about synthetic antioxidants, exploitation of cheaper and safer sourcesof antioxidants based on natural origin is the focus of research nowadays. Rhazya stricta is a medicinally important plant na-tive to South Asia. Extraction of antioxidants was carried out in different solvent systems, i.e., water, 80% methanol, 70%ethanol, and diethyl ether. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content among the extracts; thereforefor further studies the methanolic extract was employed. Antioxidant activity measurement in the linoleic acid system, metalchelating activity, reducing power, scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical, and superoxide anion rad-ical scavenging activity were taken as the parameters for assessment of antioxidant potential of methanolic extracts. Resultswere compared with .-tocopherol and the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole. The antioxidant potential of methano-lic extracts of R. strictaleaves was comparable with previously exploited potent antioxidants and is strongly concentrationdependent.
Biocompatibility of cobalt iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles in male rabbits
Furhan Iqbal,Tanveer Ahmad Tabish,Muhammad Naeem Ashiq,Muhammad Azeem Ullah,Shahid Iqbal,Muhammad Latif,Muhammad Ali,Muhammad Fahad Ehsan 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.7
Present study was conducted to study the in vivo biocompatibility of cobalt iron oxide magnetic nano-particles (CoFe2O4 MNPs) in rabbits. CoFe2O4 MNPs were synthesized by the conventional micro emulsion technique in crystallite size range of 30 to 50 nm. The lattice constant (a) and cell volume were found to be 8.386 Å and 589.75 Å3, respectively, revealed by XRD. Subject animals were divided in three groups--low dose, high dose and control group without nanoparticles implantation for biocompatibility evaluation. CoFe2O4 was intraperitoneally implanted in rabbits: low dose (1mg CoFe2O4/Kg body weight) and high dose (10mg CoFe2O4/Kg body weight). Blood, serum and histological study of vital organs (liver, heart, kidney and spleen) were carried out in seven days of time protocol after sacrificing of animals. Results indicated that CoFe2O4 had drastically affected the blood chemistry in a dose-dependent manner as RDWa (P=0.01), Platelet (P<0.001) and Plateletcrit (P<0.001) concentrations reduced significantly in low dose and high dose CoFe2O4 treatments as compared to sham treated control group. Histological analysis revealed that CoFe2O4 exposure resulted in disordered and abnormal histology of liver, kidney and that of muscles at surgical site. It is concluded that CoFe2O4 has low biocompatibility and higher toxicity levels in living system at the applied doses.
Faizan Iqbal,Bilal Shafiq,Syed Shahid Noor,Zulfiqar Ali,Nouman Memon,Naveed Memon 대한정형외과학회 2020 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.12 No.4
Background: Periprosthetic joint infection is one of the devastating complications after primary total knee arthroplasty, which increases the financial burden on patients and affects their quality of life as well. The financial burden of periprosthetic joint infection after joint replacement in developed countries is well known. There is a need to evaluate the economic burden in developing countries such as Pakistan. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective, case-control study conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi. Cases of primary total knee arthroplasty performed during this study were divided into 2 groups: uneventful primary total knee arthroplasty and periprosthetic joint infection treated with 2-stage revision. To calculate the final cost, we divided the total hospital cost into the hospital stay cost and operating room cost. Results: During study period, 32 patients were diagnosed with periprosthetic joint infection. The total cost of revision surgery for periprosthetic joint infection considering 2 hospitalizations was 1,780,222 ± 313,686 Pakistani rupee (PKR). The total cost of uneventful arthroplasty was 390,172 ± 51,460 PKR. We observed significant difference with respect to economic details between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Management of periprosthetic joint infection was 4.5 times more expensive than uneventful primary total knee arthroplasty. Measures should be undertaken to reduce the prevalence of periprosthetic joint infection, thereby reducing patients’ economic burden.
Synthesis and mechanical characterization of alumina based composite material for armor application
Muhammad Shahid,Rizwan Ahmed Malik,Hussein Alrobei,Jaehwan Kim,Muhammad Latif,Azhar Hussaina,Muhammad Uzair Iqbal,Azeem Hafiz 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.2
This study focuses on development of advance ceramic with improved toughness which can be used as armor material forpersonnel protection. Toughness is the characteristics that defines material resistance to fracture. Ceramics are important classof materials with combination of good strength, toughness and with stand multiple-striking. In this study, three differentsamples i.e. alumina, Zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA), and alumina incorporated with SiC (SiCA); hexagonal shapesamples were made by dry pressing and sintered at 1600 oC in argon atmosphere. Microstructural characterization: SEM andOptical microscopy demonstrated fine grain size distribution in matrix phase. BSE images confirmed the presence of ZrO2particles. High porosity of about 6.35% was observed in SiCA samples. EDX analysis confirms the composition. Mechanicalcharacterization showed improved toughness at the expense of hardness. SiCA samples showed maximum value of hardnesswhile ZTA showed maximum toughness of 4.6 MPa·m1/2. The obtained properties are comparable to other ceramic materialsprepared by different methods.
Faizan Iqbal,Syed Shahid Noor,Kazim Rahim Najjad,Sadia Ishaque,Nouman Memon,Sheh Zano 대한정형외과학회 2022 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.14 No.4
Background: Nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) is a rare cause of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). NTM causes a variety of infections, mainly divided into pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections. In Pakistan, there was a 7.7-fold increase in NTM infections from 21 cases in 2012 to 163 cases in 2018. An earlier study evaluating the distribution of NTM species across Pakistan suggested geographical variation across different regions, every area having its own distribution spectrum. There are no data available especially in developing countries such as Pakistan regarding PJI due to NTM following primary TKA. The purpose of our study was to determine treatment outcomes of two-stage revision surgery following NTM infection. Methods: This is a retrospective study. Patients who underwent TKA between June 2008 and December 2018 were included in the study. NTM was defined as the presence of traditional criteria for diagnosing PJI plus growth of NTM cultured from a joint aspirate or deep periprosthetic tissue specimen using Löwenstein-Jensen medium and Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube medium. All patients were female with a mean age of 62.8 ± 7.9 years. The mean body mass index was 25.6 ± 2.8 kg/m². Treatment outcomes were categorized into favorable and unfavorable. Results: We found rapid-growing mycobacterium in 6 patients whereas slow-growing mycobacterium was found in 2 patients only. Generally, clarithromycin was the standard antibiotic used in all cases of NTM infections. All patients underwent revision surgery. Conclusions: Meticulous surgical debridement and prolonged antibiotic treatment course were the only hope of cure to combat the unusual cause of PJI following primary TKA.
Adaptive Backstepping Based Sensor and Actuator Fault Tolerant Control of a Manipulator
Zainab Shahid Awan,Khurram Ali,Jamshed Iqbal,Adeel Mehmood 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.6
The purpose of this research is to propose and design fault tolerant control (FTC) scheme for a robotic manipulator, to increase its reliability and performance in the presence of actuator and sensor faults. To achieve the said objectives, a hybrid control law relying on observer and hardware redundancy-based technique has been formulated in this paper. Non-linear observers are designed to estimate the unknown states. The comparison of actual states and observed states lead to fault identifcation, this is followed by fault tolerance accomplished with redundant sensors. For actuator fault tolerance, fault estimation and controller reconfguration techniques are applied in addition to nominal control law. Fault estimation is based on adaptive back-stepping technique and it is further used to construct actuator fault tolerant control. The proposed method is applied to a six degree of freedom (DOF) robotic manipulator model and the efectiveness of this technique is verifed by LabVIEW simulations. Simulation results witnessed the improved tracking performance in the presence of actuator and sensor failures
Ni Xiaojia,Iqbal Shahid,Xue Song,Ni Zhaojun,Huang Yinghong,Gao Zhihong 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.6
Fruit color is an important factor that aff ects its quality. The red-skinned cultivars of Japanese apricot ( Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) have high medicinal economic benefi ts and are mainly used for deep-processed products because of their eye-catching red pigmentation. In contrast, molecular markers related to the red color trait in Japanese apricot fruit haven’t been reported. This study identifi ed twenty-eight SNPs markers based on genome resequencing data. The average number of alleles per SNP marker site in red and green-skinned groups of Japanese apricot cultivars was 1.9643, with heterozygosity ranging from 0.02 to 0.75, and an average Shannon index of 0.517 and 0.4420, respectively, indicating high dispersion and diversity. The total germplasm was divided into two (K = 2) clusters, including 10 and 34. Most red-skinned Japanese apricot cultivars were classifi ed as cluster I, showing the signifi cant genetic diff erence between the two cultivar groups ( Fst = 0.54). According to PIC values, a total of seven SNPs markers showed high polymorphism ( PIC > 0.5), including PmSNP_1 ( 4-CL ), PmSNP_4 ( WD40 ), PmSNP_5 ( MYB29 ), PmSNP_18 ( UFGT6 ) and PmSNP_27 ( UFGT3 ) that were highly correlated with red color trait. Among them, PmUFGT3 exhibited the highest polymorphism, which is signifi cant for future research on developing and utilizing germplasm resources related to red fruit skin.