Measurement of the Excitation Functions in Alpha-induced Reactions on 93Nb from Threshold Energy to 39.5 MeV

Muhammad Shahid,김광수,김귀년,Muhammad Zaman,Muhammad Nadeem,Haladhara Naik,Mansoureh Tatari,R. Guin,S. K. Das 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.8

The excitation functions of 93mMo and 91m,92m,95m,gNb produced from alpha-induced reactions on 93Nb were measured from their respective threshold to 39.5 MeV. The study was conducted using the alpha beam from the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata, India, the stacked foil activation technique and the off-line gamma ray spectrometric technique. The integral yields for a thick target were also deduced from the measured cross-sections and the stopping power of niobium. The results were compared with earlier reported data as well as with the theoretical values obtained from the TENDL-2013 library based on the TALYS-1.6 code.

Synthesis and mechanical characterization of alumina based composite material for armor application

Muhammad Shahid,Rizwan Ahmed Malik,Hussein Alrobei,Jaehwan Kim,Muhammad Latif,Azhar Hussaina,Muhammad Uzair Iqbal,Azeem Hafiz 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.2

This study focuses on development of advance ceramic with improved toughness which can be used as armor material forpersonnel protection. Toughness is the characteristics that defines material resistance to fracture. Ceramics are important classof materials with combination of good strength, toughness and with stand multiple-striking. In this study, three differentsamples i.e. alumina, Zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA), and alumina incorporated with SiC (SiCA); hexagonal shapesamples were made by dry pressing and sintered at 1600 oC in argon atmosphere. Microstructural characterization: SEM andOptical microscopy demonstrated fine grain size distribution in matrix phase. BSE images confirmed the presence of ZrO2particles. High porosity of about 6.35% was observed in SiCA samples. EDX analysis confirms the composition. Mechanicalcharacterization showed improved toughness at the expense of hardness. SiCA samples showed maximum value of hardnesswhile ZTA showed maximum toughness of 4.6 MPa·m1/2. The obtained properties are comparable to other ceramic materialsprepared by different methods.

Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for biohydrogen production: Recent developments, challenges and perspectives

Aslam, Muhammad,Ahmad, Rizwan,Yasin, Muhammad,Khan, Asim Laeeq,Shahid, Muhammad Kashif,Hossain, Shakhawat,Khan, Zakir,Jamil, Farrukh,Rafiq, Sikander,Bilad, Muhammad Roil,Kim, Jeonghwan,Kumar, Gopalakr Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.269 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biohydrogen as one of the most appealing energy vector for the future represents attractive avenue in alternative energy research. Recently, variety of biohydrogen production pathways has been suggested to improve the key features of the process. Nevertheless, researches are still needed to overcome remaining barriers to practical applications such as low yields and production rates. Considering practicality aspects, this review emphasized on anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for biological hydrogen production. Recent advances and emerging issues associated with biohydrogen generation in AnMBR technology are critically discussed. Several techniques are highlighted that are aimed at overcoming these barriers. Moreover, environmental and economical potentials along with future research perspectives are addressed to drive biohydrogen technology towards practicality and economical-feasibility.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology for biohydrogen production is overviewed. </LI> <LI> Enhancement of biohydrogen yield and generation rates via various strategies is discussed. </LI> <LI> Techno-economic and environmental impacts of this approach are addressed. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Biocompatibility of cobalt iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles in male rabbits

Furhan Iqbal,Tanveer Ahmad Tabish,Muhammad Naeem Ashiq,Muhammad Azeem Ullah,Shahid Iqbal,Muhammad Latif,Muhammad Ali,Muhammad Fahad Ehsan 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.7

Present study was conducted to study the in vivo biocompatibility of cobalt iron oxide magnetic nano-particles (CoFe2O4 MNPs) in rabbits. CoFe2O4 MNPs were synthesized by the conventional micro emulsion technique in crystallite size range of 30 to 50 nm. The lattice constant (a) and cell volume were found to be 8.386 Å and 589.75 Å3, respectively, revealed by XRD. Subject animals were divided in three groups--low dose, high dose and control group without nanoparticles implantation for biocompatibility evaluation. CoFe2O4 was intraperitoneally implanted in rabbits: low dose (1mg CoFe2O4/Kg body weight) and high dose (10mg CoFe2O4/Kg body weight). Blood, serum and histological study of vital organs (liver, heart, kidney and spleen) were carried out in seven days of time protocol after sacrificing of animals. Results indicated that CoFe2O4 had drastically affected the blood chemistry in a dose-dependent manner as RDWa (P=0.01), Platelet (P<0.001) and Plateletcrit (P<0.001) concentrations reduced significantly in low dose and high dose CoFe2O4 treatments as compared to sham treated control group. Histological analysis revealed that CoFe2O4 exposure resulted in disordered and abnormal histology of liver, kidney and that of muscles at surgical site. It is concluded that CoFe2O4 has low biocompatibility and higher toxicity levels in living system at the applied doses.

Improved strength and ductility of magnesium with addition of aluminum and graphene nanoplatelets (Al + GNPs) using semi powder metallurgy method

Muhammad Rashad,Fusheng Pan,Aitao Tang,Muhammad Asif,Shahid Hussain,Jun Gou,Jianjun Mao 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.23 No.-

The Mg–Al–graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) nano-composites were synthesized using the powder metallurgy method. The effect of Al–GNPs hybrids addition in to pure Mg was examined through tensile and Vicker hardness tests. The GNPs content was kept constant (0.18 wt.%) and Al content was varied from 0.5 wt.% to 1.5 wt.%. The increase in Al content led to increase in 0.2%YS, UTS and failure strain (%). However for Al content exceeding over 1 wt.%, the failure strain(%) started to decrease. The best improvement was achieved with 1 wt.% Al (Mg–1.0Al–0.18GNPs). Mechanical strength of synthesized composites proved to be better than Mg–Al–CNTs and Mg–ceramic composites.

Reduced Titania Films with Ordered Nanopores and Their Application to Visible Light Water Splitting

Muhammad Shahid,Seo-Yeong Choi,Jingling Liu,권영욱 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.8

We report on the photoelectrochemical properties of partially reduced mesoporous titania thin films. The fabrication is achieved by synthesizing mesoporous titania thin films through the self-assembly of a titania precursor and a block copolymer, followed by aging and calcination, and heat-treatment under a H2 (1 torr) environment. Depending on the temperature used for the reaction with H2, the degree of the reduction (generation of oxygen vacancies) of the titania is controlled. The oxygen vacancies induce visible light absorption, and decrease of resistance while the mesoporosity is practically unaltered. The photoelectrochemical activity data on these films, by measuring their photocurrent-potential behavior in 1 M NaOH electrolyte under AM 1.5G 100 mW cm−2 illumination, show that the three effects of the oxygen vacancies contribute to the enhancement of the photoelectrochemical properties of the mesoporous titania thin films. The results show that these oxygen deficient TiO2 mesoporous thin films hold great promise for a solar hydrogen generation. Suggestions for the materials design for improved photoelectrochemical properties are made.

Cloud Computing Security Models, Architectures, Issues and Challenges

Muhammad Alyas Shahid,Muhammad Sharif 한국산학기술학회 2015 SmartCR Vol.5 No.6

Cloud computing a new recently emerged environment for the hosting and delivery of IT services over a network typically includes on-demand, reliable, customized, self service computing environment guarantees dynamic access and quality of service for end users. This computing paradigm introduces many changes with flexible and dynamically scalable pools of often virtualized resources. With these multitudinous benefits and characteristics, a cloud system can prospectively perk up information technology and encourage business to work on, and invest in new alternate computing system. It offers a quick start, flexibility, scalability and cost-effectiveness for hosting and expanding resources but new threats and opportunities for exploitation are introduced requiring essential values and control policies to guide the protection and safety of systems and data. The cloud computing environment also provides opportunities to share resources, information and services among the peoples of the world. With all the advantages of cloud computing, there are a few limitations with respect to data security and quality of service, because this environment brings new security issues, challenges and threats. Management must understand and analyze the risks of this new and emerging paradigm of cloud in order to protect and secure the system, resources and data from exploitation. This paper focuses on cloud computing Security Models, Security Architecture, risks, issues, threats and challenges of security to any cloud computing environment.

Sentiment Analysis for COVID-19 Vaccine Popularity

( Muhammad Saeed ),( Naeem Ahmed ),( Abid Mehmood ),( Muhammad Aftab ),( Rashid Amin ),( Shahid Kamal ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2023 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.17 No.5

Social media is used for various purposes including entertainment, communication, information search, and voicing their thoughts and concerns about a service, product, or issue. The social media data can be used for information mining and getting insights from it. The World Health Organization has listed COVID-19 as a global epidemic since 2020. People from every aspect of life as well as the entire health system have been severely impacted by this pandemic. Even now, after almost three years of the pandemic declaration, the fear caused by the COVID-19 virus leading to higher depression, stress, and anxiety levels has not been fully overcome. This has also triggered numerous kinds of discussions covering various aspects of the pandemic on the social media platforms. Among these aspects is the part focused on vaccines developed by different countries, their features and the advantages and disadvantages associated with each vaccine. Social media users often share their thoughts about vaccinations and vaccines. This data can be used to determine the popularity levels of vaccines, which can provide the producers with some insight for future decision making about their product. In this article, we used Twitter data for the vaccine popularity detection. We gathered data by scraping tweets about various vaccines from different countries. After that, various machine learning and deep learning models, i.e., naive bayes, decision tree, support vector machines, k-nearest neighbor, and deep neural network are used for sentiment analysis to determine the popularity of each vaccine. The results of experiments show that the proposed deep neural network model outperforms the other models by achieving 97.87% accuracy.

Effect of increasing dietary metabolizable protein on nitrogen efficiency in Holstein dairy cows

Muhammad Imran,Talat Naseer Pasha,Muhammad Qamer Shahid,Imran Babar,Muhammad Naveed ul Haque 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.5

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the effects of increasing levels of metabolizable protein (MP) on lactation performance and nitrogen (N) efficiencies in lactating dairy cows. Methods: Nine multiparous cows in mid lactation [113±25 days in milk] received three treatments in a 3×3 Latin square design with a period length of 21 days. The treatments were three diets, designed to provide similar energy and increasing supply of MP (g/d) (2,371 [low], 2,561 [medium], and 2,711 [high] with corresponding crude protein levels [%]) 15.2, 18.4, and 20.9, respectively. Results: Increasing MP supplies did not modify dry matter intake, however, it increased milk protein, fat, and lactose yield linearly. Similarly, fat corrected milk increased linearly (9.3%) due to an increase in both milk yield (5.2%) and milk fat content (7.8%). No effects were observed on milk protein and lactose contents across the treatments. Milk nitrogen efficiency (MNE) decreased from 0.26 to 0.20; whereas, the metabolic efficiency of MP decreased from 0.70 to 0.60 in low to high MP supplies, respectively. The concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased linearly in response to increasing MP supplies. Conclusion: Increasing MP supplies resulted in increased milk protein yield; however, a higher BUN and low MNE indicated an efficient utilization of dietary protein at low MP supplies.

Genetic Variability among Different Populations of Root Knot Nematodes Based on Their Encumbrance Response to Pasteuria Isolates Using PCR-RFLP

Muhammad Kamran,Nazir Javed,Ihsan Ullah,Shahid Nazir,Shakra Jamil,Muhammad Zafar Iqbal,Huma Abbas,Sajid Aleem Khan,Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.1

A great variable response was observed when PP-3 and PP-J encumbered with 116 populations of root knot nematode (RKN) at two different temperatures (25 ± 2°C and 30 ± 2°C) and concentrations (104 and 105 spores/ml). The PCR reaction amplified intergenic region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene (COII) and large subunit of rRNA gene (lrRNA) of the mitochondrial genome of different RKN species. The primer C2F3 and 1108 identified M. incognita with the highest frequency (52.6%) followed by M. javanica (36.8%) and M. arenaria (10.5%). The sizes of PCR products were 1.7 kb for M. incognita and M. javanica populations while populations of M. arenaria produced 1.1 kb fragment. The digestion with Hinf I yielded three different fragment length patterns on 1.5 % agarose gel. From current research it is concluded that intra-Meloidogyne genetic variability exist in RKN populations which have better encumbrance with P. penetrans.