한국 거주 원어민 조기 영어 교사의 실태와 직무만족도 및 한국 사회 적응에 관한 연구

서영숙,김선정 숙명여자대학교 아동연구소 2005 兒童硏究 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study is to asses foreign teachers demographic who have taught kindergarten and elementary school students. With a focus on job satisfaction, cultural adjustment and personal adjustment. Also, to compare and analyze Institutional characteristics and their effect on job-satisfaction and adjustment in Korea. 1) 80% of teachers are under 30, single and university graduates. The major of 20% of teachers were related to Education or English. 65% are in the first year of a potential teaching career. Their motivation for coming to Korea ranged from travel to economic reasons to experiencing Asian culture. 2) the average for jop satisfaction of teachers an above average level of satisfaction, especially high are the areas of relating to co-workers and children, while the areas of career advancement and communication were low. 3) the average level of adjustment to Korea was 3.07. Foreign teachers adjust well to basic living conditions, entertainment and tourist attractions. However the degree of adjustment to mass media is very low. 4) teachers who adjust to Korea well have a high level of job satisfaction.

Antiviral Activity of Plant-derived Natural Products against Influenza Viruses

Seonjeong Kim(김선정),Yewon Kim(김예원),Ju Won Kim(김주원),Yu-bin Hwang(황유빈),Seong Hyeon Kim(김성현),Yo Han Jang(장요한) 한국생명과학회 2022 생명과학회지 Vol.32 No.5

인수공통 호흡기바이러스인 인플루엔자바이러스 감염으로 인해 공중보건과 가축산업에 심각한 피해가 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 인플루엔자 백신 접종을 통해 항원형이 일치하는 바이러스 감염에 대해 우수한 방어면역을 제공하고 있으나, 효과적인 바이러스 감염 제어에는 여전히 큰 공백이 존재하고 있다. 다양한 항원형을 갖는 바이러스에 동시방어가 가능한 범용인플루엔자백신 개발과 함께 바이러스 치료효과를 제공하는 항바이러스제의 개발도 중요한 접근법으로 고려되고 있다. 현재 널리 사용되고 있는 인플루엔자 항바이러스제의 불완전한 치료효과와 내성바이러스의 출현 등의 문제들로 인해 식물 유래 천연물의 항바이러스 활성에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 특히, 현재 진행 중인 코로나-19 팬데믹은 범용적인 항바이러스 활성을 갖는 안전하고 효과적인 항바이러스제 개발의 필요성을 뚜렷이 보여준다. 본 리뷰는 현재까지 보고된 천연물의 항인플루엔자바이러스 활성을 요약하였다. 또한, 항바이러스 활성을 갖는 천연물의 바이러스 사멸활성과 면역증강활성을 이용하는 신규 백신개발과 면역증강제 개발 가능성에 대해서도 분석하였다. Influenza viruses are zoonotic respiratory pathogens, and influenza infections have caused a substantial burden on public health systems and the livestock industry. Although currently approved seasonal influenza vaccines have shown potent protection efficacy against antigenically well-matched strains, there are considerable unmet needs for the efficient control of viral infections. Enormous efforts have been made to develop broadly protective universal influenza vaccines to tackle the huge levels of genetic diversity and variability of influenza viruses. In addition, antiviral drugs have been considered important interventions for the treatment of viral infections. The viral neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir is the most widely used antiviral medication to treat influenza A and influenza B viruses. However, unsatisfactory clinical outcomes resulting from side effects and the emergence of resistant variants have led to greater attention being paid to plants as a natural resource for anti-influenza drugs. In particular, the recent COVID-19 pandemic has underpinned the need for safe and effective antiviral drugs with a broad spectrum of antiviral activity to prevent the rapid spread of viruses among humans. This review outlines the results of the antiviral activities of various natural products isolated from plants against influenza viruses. Special focus is paid to the virucidal effects and the immune-enhancing effects of antiviral natural products, since the products have broad applications as inactivating agents for the preparation of inactivated vaccines and vaccine adjuvants.

Low Diastolic Blood Pressure and Cognitive Decline in Korean Elderly People: The Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia

Dongyun Lee,Bong-Jo Kim,Ji Won Han,Tae Hui Kim,Kyung Phil Kwak,Kayoung Kim,Shin Gyeom Kim,Jeong Lan Kim,Tae Hyun Kim,Seok Woo Moon,Jae Young Park,Joon Hyuk Park,Seonjeong Byun,Seung Wan Suh,Ji Young S 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.1

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are representative risk factors for the onset of cognitive decline. The purpose of this study was to confirm the relationship between diastolic blood pressure and cognitive function in elderly people in Korea. Methods: Data from subjects who were enrolled in the prospective Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia were used in this study. Data from 701 subjects whose diastolic blood pressure range did not change (≤79 mm Hg or ≥80 mm Hg) over 2 years were analyzed. To analyze the differences in cognitive function between the groups at the 2-year follow-up, an analysis of covariance was performed with covariates, which were significantly different between the two groups, and the baseline cognitive function. Results: Significant differences were observed between the two groups, and the mean scores on the constructional praxis (η2=0.010) and word list recall tests (η2=0.018) in the diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mm Hg group were higher than those in the diastolic blood pressure ≤79 mm Hg group at the 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: These results indicate that maintaining a DBP below 79 mm Hg presents a greater risk of cognitive decline in Korean elderly people.

Overview of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia

Ji Won Han,Tae Hui Kim,Kyung Phil Kwak,Kayoung Kim,Bong Jo Kim,Shin Gyeom Kim,Jeong Lan Kim,Tae Hyun Kim,Seok Woo Moon,Jae Young Park,Joon Hyuk Park,Seonjeong Byun,Seung Wan Suh,Ji Young Seo,Yoonseop 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.8

Objective_Due to an unprecedented rate of population aging, South Korea is facing a dementia epidemic. For this reason, the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia (KLOSCAD) was launched in 2009 with support from the Korean Health Industry Development Institute to investigate the epidemiology, biopsychosocial risk factors, and outcomes of dementia and dementia-related conditions. Methods_The KLOSCAD is the first nationwide multi-center population-based prospective cohort study. In October 2010, 12,694 individuals were randomly sampled from residents aged 60 years or older who lived in 13 districts across South Korea. In the baseline assessment, which was conducted from November 2010 through October 2012, 6,818 (53.7%) individuals participated. Follow-up assessments have been conducted every two years, with the first follow-up assessment conducted between November 2012 and October 2014, and the second between November 2014 and October 2016. The third is now in progress, and will span from November 2016 to October 2018. Diagnosis of cognitive disorders, neuropsychological battery, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, activities of daily living, physical and neurologic examination and laboratory tests, life styles, quality of life, and identification of death were evaluated in each assessment. Results_The cumulative drop-out rate at the second follow-up assessment was 38.7%. Dementia and mild cognitive impairment were 5.0% and 27.0%, respectively. Conclusion_The KLOSCAD may provide strong scientific evidence for advancing the fight against dementia both in Korea and globally.

Normal-But-Low Serum Folate Levels and the Risks for Cognitive Impairment

Soomin Jang,Ji Won Han,Jiyoon Shin,Tae Hui Kim,Kyung Phil Kwak,Kayoung Kim,Bong Jo Kim,김신겸,Jeong Lan Kim,Taehyun Kim,Seok Woo Moon,Jae Young Park,Joon Hyuk Park,Seonjeong Byun,Seung Wan Suh,Ji-Yeong S 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.7

Objective This study aimed to examine the association between normal-but-low folate levels and cognitive function in the elderly population using a prospective cohort study. Methods We analyzed 3,910 participants whose serum folate levels were within the normal reference range (1.5–16.9 ng/mL) at baseline evaluation in the population-based prospective cohort study named the “Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia.” The association between baseline folate quartile categories and baseline cognitive disorders [mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia] was examined using binary logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding variables. The risks of incident MCI and dementia associated with the decline of serum folate level during a 4-year follow-up period were examined using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results The lowest quartile group of serum folate (≥1.5, ≤5.9 ng/mL) showed a higher risk of cognitive disorders than did the highest quartile group at baseline evaluation (odds ratio 1.314, p=0.012). Over the 4 years of follow-up, the risk of incident dementia was 2.364 times higher among subjects whose serum folate levels declined from the 2nd–4th quartile group to the 1st quartile than among those for whom it did not (p=0.031). Conclusion Normal-but-low serum folate levels were associated with the risk of cognitive disorders in the elderly population, and a decline to normal-but-low serum folate levels was associated with incident dementia. Maintaining serum folate concentration above 5.9 ng/mL may be beneficial for cognitive status.

Physiological Activities of Calcium Balanced Beverage Developed for Improving Calcium Intake in the Elderly

Seonjeong Kim,Eunju Park,Jae-Hee Park 한국식품영양과학회 2020 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2020 No.10

Effects of Calcium Fortified Beverage Intake on Insulin Sensitivity and Antioxidant Metabolism in Healthy Elderly

Kim Seonjeong,Park Eunju,Park Jae-Hee 한국임상영양학회 2021 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.10 No.4

Calcium, one of the most important nutrients, determines the quality of life of the elderly. It has been reported that 7 out of 10 people over the age of 60 have insufficient calcium intake. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium fortified beverage (CFB) intake on insulin sensitivity and antioxidant metabolism in healthy elderly. A crossover clinical trial was performed and antioxidant status of healthy elderly (age above 65 years, n = 8) was analyzed. Subjects did not take CFB for 0–3 weeks. They then took it for 3–6 weeks. CFB supplementation decreased insulin levels (Δ3–6 weeks: 1.19 ± 0.65 μ IU/mL → Δ0–3 weeks: −0.58 ± 0.38 μ IU/mL). Increasing degree of fasting blood glucose level was suppressed by intake of CFB, although the suppression was not statistically significant. Except for insulin, there were no significant differences in results of biochemical analysis between 0–3 weeks and 3–6 weeks. Catalase activity was significantly increased by CFB supplementation (Δ3–6 weeks: 3.50 ± 5.30 K g/Hb) compared to the no CFB supplementation period (Δ0–3 weeks: −12.48 ± 4.37 K g/Hb). However, the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione-peroxidase were not significantly different between 0–3 weeks and 3–6 weeks. H2O2-induced DNA oxidative damage was also decreased significantly by CFB supplementation. Taken together, these results indicate that CFB has beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity and some antioxidant enzymes in healthy elderly.

Effect of protein-balanced beverage intake on the antioxidant status and immune-related biomarkers in healthy elderly

Seonjeong Kim,Eunju Park,Jae-Hee Park 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of consuming a protein-balanced beverage (PBB) to meet the recommended daily protein intake in healthy elderly. This study was performed crossover clinical trial and analyzed the antioxidant status and immune-related biomarker (age above 65 years, n=9, 2 males and 7 females). Subjects did not consume PBB for 0 to 3 wk, and consumed it for 3 to 6 wk. In erythrocyte, glutathione-peroxidase activity was significantly lower in 3-6 wk than 0-3 wk (-5.60±2.18 vs 2.80±1.72 U g/Hb, p=0.008). However, superoxide dismutase and catalase was not significant difference between 0-3 wk and 3-6 wk. IL-10 increased significantly in 3-6 wk, compared with 0-3 wk (5.20±2.73 vs -17.40±9.92 pg/mL, p=0.043). PBB intake reduced the serum CRP concentration(80.21±36.91 → -88.84±46.88 pg/mL, p=0.012) and H₂O₂-induced DNA oxidative damage (-1.53±0.68 → -4.54±0.64, p=0.001). Accordingly, this study suggests that adequate protein intake in the elderly might positively improve antioxidant metabolism and immune-related biomarkers.

Calcium balanced beverage intake and its effect on antioxidant status and immune-related biomarkers in healthy elderly

Seonjeong Kim,Eunju Park,Jae-Hee Park 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Calcium is one of the most important nutrients that determines the quality of life of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium-balanced beverage (CBB) intake in healthy elderly to meet the recommended daily calcium intake. This study was performed crossover clinical trial and analyzed the antioxidant status and immune-related biomarker (age above 65 years, n = 8, 3 males and 5 females). Subjects did not take CBB for 0-3 wk and took it for 3-6 wk. CBB supplementation decreased insulin levels (Δ3-6 wk: 1.19±0.65 mg/dL → Δ0-3 wk: -0.58±0.38 mg/dL). Increasing degree of fasting blood glucose level was suppressed by intake of CBB, but this was not statistically significant. Catalase significantly increased by CBB supplementation (Δ3-6 wk: 3.50±5.30 K g/Hb) when compared with no supplementation period (Δ0-3 wk: -12.48±4.37 K g/Hb). However, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-peroxidase was not significant difference between 0-3 wk and 3-6 wk. Consequently, this study confirmed that calcium balanced beverage has beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity and some antioxidant enzymes in elderly.

엉겅퀴의 항산화 활성 및 손상된 흰쥐 간세포(BNL CL.2)에 대한 간 보호 효과

김선정(Seonjeong Kim),강승미(Seungmi Kang),고건희(Keonhee Ko),남상해(Sanghae Nam) 한국생명과학회 2017 생명과학회지 Vol.27 No.4

엉겅퀴(C. japonicum) 부위별 추출물을 기능성 식품소재로 활용가능성을 알아보기 위해서 총 페놀 및 silymarin 화합물의 함량분석, 항산화 및 간 보호효과를 서양엉겅퀴와 비교하였다. 엉겅퀴의 총 페놀함량은 지상부(97.22±5.51 mg/g)가 지하부(85.32±3.06 mg/g)보다 많았으며, 서양엉겅퀴의 전초보다 다소 낮은 함량을 보였다. 엉겅퀴의 silymarin 화합물의 총 함량은 서양엉겅퀴의 55.56%이었으며, 지하부(0.47±0.03 mg/g)는 지상부 (0.18±0.02 mg/g)보다 많이 함유되어 있었다. 또한 지상부에서는 silychristin, silydianin이, 지하부에서는 silychristin, silydianin, silybin B, isosilybin B 등이 검출되었다. 엉겅퀴의 항산화활성은 대체로 서양엉겅퀴보다는 약간 낮았고, 지하부가 지상부보다 높은 활성을 보였다. 엉겅퀴 추출물을 1 mg/ml 농도로 처리하였을 때, DPPH 활성은 지상부와 지하부에서 각각 83.76±0.60%, 88.28±0.17%의 활성을 나타났으며, FRAP 활성은 지상부와 지하부에서 각각 77.63±0.70, 82.83±0.39%로 나타났다. ABTS 활성도 엉겅퀴 추출물을 0.1 mg/ml 농도로 처리하였을때, 지하부와 지상부에서 각각 68.60±1.24%와 63.41±0.57%로 나타났다. 엉겅퀴 추출물의 간 보호효과는 지하부에서 지상부보다 다소 높은 활성이 나타났으나 서양엉겅퀴 지상부의 활성보다는 낮았다. t-BHP, H₂O₂ 및 Ethanol의 처리에 따른 손상된 간세포에 엉겅퀴 추출물을 0.2 mg/ml씩 처리하였을 때, 세포생존율은 각각 49.58±0.34, 76.87±1.10 및 71.73±0.58%로서 추출물을 처리하지 않았을 때보다 각각 24.78, 61.32 및 38.04%씩 높아졌다. 이와 같은 결과로 볼 때, 본 연구에서는 국내산 엉겅퀴의 간 보호효과를 활용한 기능성 식품의 개발이 가능할 것으로 생각되었다. We analyzed the content of total phenolic and silymarin compounds of Cirsium japonicum (CJ), and its antioxidant activities and Liver protective effects were compared with those of Silybum marianum (SM). The total phenolic content in the aerial part (97.22±5.51 mg/g) of CJ is higher than that in the underground part (85.32±3.06 mg/g). The total silymarin content of CJ was 55.56% of SM, with the underground part (0.47±0.03 mg/g) having higher content than the aerial part (0.18±0.02 mg/g). The antioxidant activity of CJ was generally slightly lower than that of milk thistle, and the underground part of CJ generally had higher activity compared to the aerial part. When CJ extracts were processed at 1 mg/ml, DPPH activities were 83.76±0.60 and 88.28±0.17%, and FRAP activities were 77.63±0.70 and 82.83±0.39% for extracts from aerial part and underground part, respectively. ABTS activities were 68.60±1.24 and 63.41±0.57% for underground and aerial part respectively when extracts were processed at 0.1 mg/ml. The Liver protective effects of CJ were higher in the extracts from underground part compared to the aerial part, Liver cells were damaged by treating them with t-BHP, H₂O₂ and Ethanol, and then they were treated with 0.2 mg/ml CJ extracts. The survival rates of the damaged liver cells were 49.58±0.34, 76.87±1.10 and 71.73±0.58% respectively, which were higher than the cells not treated with extracts.