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이송,양태선,베열호,황규호 서울市立大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.27 No.-
연약하고 압축성이 큰 준설 점토는 액, 소성한계가 크고 불안정한 상태에 있다. 이 흙의 침하속도는 압밀계수에 의해 결정된다. 이 연약한 점토를 다루기 쉽게 만들고 안전하게 하는 것은 우리 토질기술자들이 할 일이다. 자중압밀, 침투압밀, 저응력재하 압밀실험은 표준압밀과 비교해서 비선형적인 특징을 갖는다. 우선 압밀계수가 표준압밀에서는 상수로 취급할 수있지만 저응력의 범위에서는 비선형성을 보인다. 투수계수는 저응력범위에서 비선형이 되지만 표준압밀에서는 하중이 증가할수록 상수로 수렴하는 경향이 있다. 침강에서 자중압밀로 넘어 가면서 입자가 무거운 씰트가 먼저 가라앉고 상대적으로 가벼운 점토가 나중에 가라앉아서 다층구조를 이룬다. 자중압밀, 침투압밀, 응력재하는 서로 연관성을 갖는 것을 실험결과에서 알 수 있다. Dredged soft and compressible soil with high liquid limit and plastic limit is unstable. The rate of settlement in this soil layer is characterized by a coefficient of consolidation. To make this soft clay treat easily, what we have to do makes it stable. And this consolidation has non-homogeneous characteristics compared with the standard consolidation test. First, Cv shows non-linear at the range of low stress but constant in the standard consolidation test. A coefficient of permeability becomes non-linear in the low stresses but converges constant in the standard consolidation test as loading grows. Sedimentation and self-weight consolidation leads to multi-layered soil structure. Self-weight, seepage, loading consolidations are interrelated during the test.
제1요수 불완전 하반신 마비 환자에서의 기능적 전기자극에 의한 훈련 증례보고
최현주,이수영,김종문,강선화,정순열,강곤,정진상 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1996 건국의과학학술지 Vol.5 No.-
Functional electrical stimulation(FES) is known to increase muscle bulk and strength and prevent muscle atrophy in complete paraplegic patients. And other benefits include peripheral adaptations which improve muscle endurance, girth, and appearance, as well as central circulatory adaptation which enhances aerobic(cardiopulmonary) capacity. Good candidates for FES include spinal cord injured patients who have clinically complete upper motor neuron lesion between T4-T12. But we experienced incomplete L1 paraplegic patient who has improved maximal knee extension power, endurance, circumference and cross-sectional area of the thigh and the shank after FES-induced exercise for 44 weeks. So we recommend more trial of the FES-induced exercise to not only complete but also incomplete lumbar paraplegic patients.
Temperature Dependence of SiInZnO Thin Film Transistor Fabricated by Solution Process
Lee, Sang Yeol,Kang, Taehyun,Han, Sang Min,Lee, Young Seon,Choi, Jun Young The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2015 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.16 No.1
Thin film transistor (TFT) with silicon indium zinc oxide (SIZO) was fabricated by solution process, and the effect of annealling temperature on the electrical performance has been explored. The performance of SIZO TFT exhibited saturation mobility of $1.37cm^2$/Vs, a threshold voltage of -7.2 V, and an on-off ratio of $1.1{\times}10^5$.
Efficient synthesis of mibefradil analogues: an insight into <i>in vitro</i> stability
Lee, Ji Eun,Kwon, Tae Hui,Gu, Su Jin,Lee, Duck-Hyung,Kim, B. Moon,Lee, Jae Yeol,Lee, Jae Kyun,Seo, Seon Hee,Pae, Ae Nim,Keum, Gyochang,Cho, Yong Seo,Min, Sun-Joon The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.12 No.30
<P>This article describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of a chemical library of mibefradil analogues to investigate the effect of structural modification on <I>in vitro</I> stability. The construction of the dihydrobenzopyran structure in mibefradil derivatives <B>2</B> was achieved through two efficient approaches based on a diastereoselective intermolecular Reformatsky reaction and an intramolecular carbonyl–ene cyclization. In particular, the second strategy through the intramolecular carbonyl–ene reaction led to the formation of a key intermediate <B>3</B> in a short and highly stereoselective way, which has allowed for practical and convenient preparation of analogues <B>2</B>. Using this protocol, we could obtain 22 new mibefradil analogues <B>2</B>, which were biologically tested for <I>in vitro</I> efficacies against T-type calcium channels and metabolic stabilities. Among the synthesized compounds, we found that analogue <B>2aa</B> containing a dihydrobenzopyran ring and a secondary amine linker showed high % remaining activities of the tested CYP enzymes retaining the excellent T-type calcium channel blocking activity. These findings indicated that the structural modification of <B>1</B> was effective for improving <I>in vitro</I> stability, <I>i.e.</I>, reducing CYP inhibition and metabolic degradation.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>New mibefradil analogues were synthesized by a diastereoselective intramolecular carbonyl–ene reaction as a key transformation. The structural modification of mibefradil significantly reduced CYP inhibition and microsomal degradation. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4ob00504j'> </P>
Lee, Ki-Up,Lee, In Kyu,Han, Jin,Song, Dae-Kyu,Kim, Yun Mi,Song, Hai Sun,Kim, Hyoun Sik,Lee, Woo Je,Koh, Eun Hee,Song, Kee-Ho,Han, Sung Min,Kim, Min Seon,Park, In-Sun,Park, Joong-Yeol Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2005 Circulation research Vol.96 No.11
<P>Increased oxidative stress in vascular cells plays a key role in the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is an important regulator of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that, UCP2 functions as an inhibitor of the atherosclerotic process in endothelial cells. Adenovirus-mediated UCP2 (Ad-UCP2) overexpression led to a significant increase in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and decrease in endothelin-1 mRNA expression in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Moreover, UCP2 inhibited the increase in ROS production and NF-kappaB activation, and apoptosis of HAECs induced by lysophophatidylcholine (LPC) and linoleic acid. LPC and linoleic acid caused mitochondrial calcium accumulation and transient mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization, which was followed by depolarization. UCP2 overexpression prevented these processes. In isolated rat aorta, Ad-UCP2 infection markedly improved impaired vascular relaxation induced by LPC. The data collectively suggest that UCP2, functions as a physiologic regulator of ROS generation in endothelial cells. Thus, measures to increase UCP2 expression in vascular endothelial cells may aid in preventing the development and progression of atherosclerosis in patients with metabolic syndrome.</P>
Lee, Jae-Yeol,Bang, Sung-Hun,Lee, Sook-Ja,Song, Yun-Seon,Jin, Chang-Bae,Park, Ho-Koon,Lee, Yong-Sup Korean Chemical Society 2002 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.23 No.11
Tetracyclic pyrido[2,3-b]azepine derivatives 4a-d and 4f as analogues of mirtazapine were synthesized via N-acyliminium ion cyclization by using aromatic rings such as benzene and thiophene ring as a ${\pi}-nucleophile$, and evaluated for the binding affinity for ${\alpha}2-adrenoceptor$. Among tested compounds, 2,3,9,13b-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[f]pyrrolo[2,1-a]pyrido[2,3-c]azepine (4a) was the most potent (Ki = 0.26 ${\mu}M)$ but showed about 3-fold less binding affinity than mirtazapine (Ki = 0.08 ${\mu}M)$ for a2-adrenoceptor.