Effects of sodium diacetate on the fermentation profile, chemical composition and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage

Xianjun Yuan,AiYou Wen,Seare T. Desta,Jian Wang,Tao Shao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.6

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium diacetate (SDA) on fermentation profile, chemical composition and aerobic stability of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage. Methods: Fresh alfalfa was ensiled with various concentrations of SDA (0, 3, 5, 7, and 9 g/kg of fresh forage). After 60 days of the ensiling, the samples were collected to examine the fermentative quality, chemical composition and aerobic stability. Results: The application of SDA significantly (p<0.05) decreased silage pH with the lowest value in silage with 7 g/kg of SDA. The proliferations of enterobacteria, yeasts, molds and clostridia were inhibited by SDA, resulted in lower ethanol, propionic and butyric acid concentrations and dry matter loss in SDA treated silages than control. The increasing SDA linearly decreased free amino acid N (p<0.001), ammonia N (p = 0.018) and non-protein N (p<0.001), while linearly increased water soluble carbohydrate (p<0.001) and peptide N (p<0.001). It is speculated that SDA accelerated the shift from homofermentative to heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria during the silage fermentation, indicated by lower lactic acid production in SDA-9 than SDA-7 silages after 60 days of ensiling. Alfalfa silages treated with SDA at 7 g/kg had highest Flieg’s point and remained stable more than 9 d during aerobic exposure under humid and hot conditions in southern China. Conclusion: SDA may be used as an additive for alfalfa silages at a level of 7 g/kg.

Effects of calcium propionate on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage

Dong, Zhihao,Yuan, Xianjun,Wen, Aiyou,Desta, Seare T.,Shao, Tao Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.9

Objective: To assess the potency of calcium propionate (CAP) used as silage additive, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of CAP on the nitrogen transformation, fermentation quality and aerobic stability of alfalfa silages. Methods: Alfalfa was ensiled with four levels of CAP (5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg of fresh weight [FW]) in laboratory silos for 30 days. After opening, the silages were analyzed for the chemical and microbiological characteristics, and subjected to an aerobic stability test. Results: The increasing proportion of CAP did not affect pH, lactic acid (LA) concentrations and yeast counts, while linearly decreased counts of enterobacteria (p = 0.029), molds (p<0.001) and clostridia (p<0.001), and concentrations of acetic acid (p<0.001), propionic acid (p<0.001), butyric acid (p<0.001), and ethanol (p = 0.007), and quadratically (p = 0.001) increased lactic acid bacteria counts. With increasing the proportion of CAP, the dry matter (DM) loss (p<0.001), free amino acid N (p<0.001), ammonia N (p = 0.004), and non-protein N (p<0.001) contents were linearly reduced, whereas DM (p = 0.048), water soluble carbohydrate (p<0.001) and peptide N (p<0.001) contents were linearly increased. The highest Flieg's point was found in CAP10 (75.9), represented the best fermentation quality. All silages treated with CAP improved aerobic stability as indicated by increased stable hours compared with control. Conclusion: The addition of CAP can suppress the undesirable microorganisms during ensiling and exposure to air, thereby improving the fermentation quality and aerobic stability as well as retarding the proteolysis of alfalfa silage. It is suggested that CAP used as an additive is recommended at a level of 10 g/kg FW.

Fabricating Using Nano-particulates with Direct Write Technology

Sears James,Colvin Jacob,Carter Michael 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Modern business trends call for miniaturization of electronic systems. One of the major impedances in this miniaturization is the conductive and inductive components in chips and circuit boards. Direct Write Technology can write these soft magnetic materials, thus allowing for further miniaturization of inductor devices. Another obstacle in electronics fabrication is the size limitations of thick screen-printing and the material limitations in ink jet printing. Direct Write Technologies address both of these limitations by providing feature sizes less than 20 microns with a wide range of materials possibilities. A discussion of the application of these nano-particulate materials by Direct Write Technologies will be presented.

Hard, Wear Resistant Metal Surfaces for Industrial Applications through Laser Powder Deposition

Sears James,Costello Aaron 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

Laser Powder Deposition (LPD) is a technology capable of modifying a metallic structure by adding the appropriate material to perform a desired function. LPD offers a unique fabrication technique that allows the use of soft (tough) materials as base structures. Through LPD a hard material can be applied to the base material with little thermal input (minimal dilution and heat-affected-zone {HAZ}), thus providing the function of a heat treatment or other surface modifications. These surface modifications have been evaluated through standard wear testing (ASTM G-65), surface hardness (Rc), micro-hardness (vickers), and optical microscopy.

Relational Analysis between EEG and Respiration

Young-Sear Kim,Se-Kee Kil,Sangmin Lee,Young-Hwan Han,Heung-Ho Choi,Young-Bae Park,Woong Her,Hong-Ki Min 대한전자공학회 2008 ICEIC:International Conference on Electronics, Inf Vol.1 No.1

In this paper, we analyzed the relation between Respiration and EEG. For this, we acquired the EEG signal, ECG signal and respiration signal synchronously with keep time. And we defined SSR and Macrate which represent beat rate of heart per single unit of respiration and relational ratio of alpha wave and beta wave in EEG respectively. The reason why we defined SSR and Macrate is to compare and analyze two signals quantitatively. From the examination result about 10 reagents, we verified our proposal.

닷넷 리모팅 환경에서의 보안 방안 구현

김영서,Kim, Young-Sear 한국융합신호처리학회 2009 융합신호처리학회 논문지 (JISPS) Vol.10 No.4

최근의 웹환경은 닷넷과 자바로 양분되어 있다. 닷넷은 웹환경에서 원격의 객체를 호출하는 방법으로서 리모팅이라는 기술이 있다. 리모팅 기술 방식은 HTTP(Hypertext Transport Protocol)환경에서 데이터를 주고받는 원격호출의 한 형태로 SOAP(Simple Object Application Protocol)형태의 확장기술이다. 본 연구는 ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning)와 같은 잡한 업무의 웹프로그램에서 많이 사용하는 닷넷 리모팅 기술에서 ERP에 최적화한 응용계층 보안 적용, 리모팅 모듈과 암호화 모듈에서 중복되어 발생하는 직렬화 작업제거, 닷넷에서 사용되는 데이터 객체에 불필요한 데이터 제거를 통해 성능을 향상시키는 보안모듈 적용 방법을 제시하였다. 제시한 방법은 구현 및 실험을 통해 일반적인 보안적용에서 보다 약 2배의 속도 향상이 있음을 확인하였다. 향후 이와 관련된 컴포넌트 기반의 프레임워크 연구를 통해 편리한 개발자 환경 제공이 필요하다. While .NET and J2EE bisects recent distributed environment, .NET displays "Remoting" as a technology to call remote object. Remoting is frequently used as a protocol in OLTP's WEB program development in form of RPC that exchange data in XML form under HTTP environment. Purpose of this research is to draw problems when applying security to .NET remoting technology that is recently used in web programming, and to find effective application plan by implementing. The main discussion is following. First, network layer security should be replaced to application layer security for better performance and flexibility. Second, the serialization procedure that is repeated in both remoting and encryption module should take place once. Lastly, implementation of "Surrogate" and "Compress" will be discussed that enables to eliminate unnecessary data(table relations, keys, etc) that is used in dataset object of .NET in order to reduce the size of data. It is possible to achieve improvement in speed by two times through immediate implementation in these cases. In order for easier use, component based framework should be supplied hereafter.

안정상태에서의 뇌파와 호흡의 연관성에 관한 연구

김영서(Kim, Young-Sear),민홍기(Min, Hong-Ki) 한국전기전자학회 2008 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.12 No.4

EEG 신호 중, 알파파는 안정시에 우세하게 나타나며 베타파는 흥분시에 우세하게 나타나는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한 동양의 한의학에서는 상대적으로 길고 고른 호흡일 때가 짧고 변화가 심한 호흡일 때 보다 안정된 상태를 나타낸다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 EEG의 안정상태를 정량적으로 나타내기 위한 뇌파의 정량화 지표와 호흡의 안정상태를 정량적으로 나타내기 위한 호흡 정량화 지표를 정의하여 안정상태에 있어서 EEG와 호흡의 연관성을 찾아내고자 하였다. 총 20명의 피험자에 대해 각각 20분간의 실험을 통해 본 연구의 유효성을 검증하였다. Generally, among the EEG signal, alpha wave is said to be strongly appeared in stable state and beta wave in active state. And in oriental medicine, it is said that relative long and regular respiration shows stable state rather than short and irregular respiration. In this paper, we tried to find out relation between respiration and EEG in stable state using quantitative parameters such as stable state ratio and equivalent ratio of respiration which was defined to indicate the degree of stable state quantitatively. And we verified our proposal by the real experiment for 20 persons.

KCCH Medical Cyclotron Operation for Neutron Therapy and Isotope Production(1989) - A Technical Report -

Byung-Mun Kim,Young-Sear Kim,Joo-Shik Bak,Jong-Du Lee,Seong-Yul Yoo,Kyung-Hwan Koh 대한방사선방어학회 1990 방사선방어학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Neutron scattering investigation of rhenium orbital ordering in the 3d−5d double perovskite Ca2FeReO6

Yuan, Bo,Clancy, J. P.,Sears, J. A.,Kolesnikov, A. I.,Stone, M. B.,Yamani, Z.,Won, Choongjae,Hur, Namjung,Jeon, B. C.,Noh, T. W.,Paramekanti, Arun,Kim, Young-June American Physical Society 2018 Physical review. B Vol.98 No.21

Cardioprotection by Cocoa Polyphenols and ω-3 Fatty Acids: A Disease-Prevention Perspective on Aging-Associated Cardiovascular Risk

Sergio Davinelli,Graziamaria Corbi,Stefano Righetti,Barry Sears,Hector Hugo Olarte,Davide Grassi,Giovanni Scapagnini 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.10

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death today. Many of the biochemical alterations associated with the pathophysiology of CVD can be modified by adequate intakes of bioactive nutrients through a correct diet or supplementation. Recently, there has been growing public and clinical interest in cocoa polyphenols (CPs) and omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids. A plethora of nutritional intervention trials and experimental studies demonstrates that consumption of these bioactive food compounds is beneficial to promote cardiovascular health. The purpose of this review is to summarize the major cardioprotective effects of CPs and ω-3 fatty acids, providing a scientific rationale for incorporating the combination of these molecules as a nutritional intervention in the prevention of CVD. Although several studies have shown the individual cardioprotective nature of these compounds, a combination treatment with CPs and ω-3 fatty acids may be a promising approach to enhance the preventive value of these molecules and reduce cardiovascular risk factors associated with aging. Therefore, this article also reviews some of the key studies on the interaction between CPs and the metabolism of ω-3 fatty acids.