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モンゴル國:ウランバ一トル市の水行政 ―水危機への대응(對應)
( Hiroshi Satoh ) 동의대학교 지방자치연구소 2013 공공정책연구 Vol.30 No.1
Serious water deficiencies are emerging as a normal matter throughout the world. We have had plenty of fresh water worldwide. However, as a result of unlimited human desire of pursuing affluence such as building enormous cities, etc., rich natural environment has been destructed. At the same time, recent abnormal weathers might be also one of the causes of the world water crisis. Such situation occurs in various areas in the world. Even in places where people once enjoyed affluence of fresh water, there are many where water shortages often occur. Even Mongolia where nature still remains undestroyed in the most part of the country is no exception. The water shortages and crisis of the same kind are potential. Particularly Ulaanbaatar is a pole-type city where almost half of the whole nation resides. As is usual, environmental destruction has been accelerated in this one pole-type city, too, creating the same problems just as world`s developed cities, like air pollution, waste problems, housing problems, mine development problems, waste water in rivers, water problems, etc. This paper focuses on the water situation in Ulaanbaatar, namely, water shortages, in view of the water development administration in rivers, water supplies and sewages. Here the "Tadotsu Reclaimed Water Use Plan" program undertaken by the town of Tadotsu, Kagawa Prefecture of Japan is being introduced, which, I hope, will be of help for the solution of the possible future Ulaanbaatar water crisis.
Stomach microbiota, Helicobacter pylori, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells
Ohno Hiroshi,Satoh-Takayama Naoko 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
The stomach has been thought to host few commensal bacteria because of the existence of barriers, such as gastric acid. However, recent culture-independent, sequencing-based microbial analysis has shown that the stomach also harbors a wide diversity of microbiota. Although the stomach immune system, especially innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), has not been well elucidated, recent studies have shown that group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are the dominant subtype in the stomach of both humans and mice. Stomach ILC2s are unique in that their existence is dependent on stomach microbiota, in sharp contrast to the lack of an impact of commensal microbiota on ILC2s in other tissues. The microbiota dependency of stomach ILC2s is partly explained by their responsiveness to interleukin (IL)-7. Stomach ILC2s express significantly higher IL-7 receptor protein levels on their surface and proliferate more in response to IL-7 stimulation in vitro than small intestinal ILC2s. Consistently, the stomach expresses much higher IL-7 protein levels than the small intestine. IL-5 secreted from stomach ILC2s promotes immunoglobulin (Ig) A production by plasma B cells. In a murine model, stomach ILC2s are important in containing Helicobacter pylori infection, especially in the early phase of infection, by promoting IgA production.
Hidetake Hara,Hiroshi Muraishi,Hiroki Matsuzawa,Toshiyuki Inoue,Yasuo Nakajima,Hitoshi Satoh,Shinji Abe 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.1
We have recently developed a phantom that simulates acute ischemic stroke. We attempted to visualize an acute-stage cerebral infarction by using dual-energy Computed tomography (DECT) to obtain virtual monochromatic images of this phantom. Virtual monochromatic images were created by using DECT voltages from 40 to 100 keV in steps of 10 keV and from 60 to 80 keV in steps of 1 keV, under three conditions of the tube voltage with thin (Sn) filters. Calculation of the CNR values allowed us to evaluate the visualization of acute-stage cerebral infarction. The CNR value of a virtual monochromatic image was the highest at 68 keV under 80 kV / Sn 140 kV, at 72 keV under 100 kV / Sn 140 kV, and at 67 keV under 140 kV / 80 kV. The CNR values of virtual monochromatic images at voltages between 65 and 75 keV were significantly higher than those obtained for all other created images. Therefore, the optimal conditions for visualizing acute ischemic stroke were achievable.
Lymphadenectomy issues in endometrial cancer
Yosuke Konno,Hiroshi Asano,Ayumi Shikama,Daisuke Aoki,Michihiro Tanikawa,Akinori Oki,Koji Horie,Akira Mitsuhashi,Akira Kikuchi,Hideki Tokunaga,Yasuhisa Terao,Toyomi Satoh,Kimio Ushijima,Mitsuya Ishika 대한부인종양학회 2021 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.32 No.2
Objectives: This review aims to introduce preoperative scoring systems to predict lymphnode metastasis (LNM) and ongoing clinical trials to investigate the therapeutic role oflymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer. Methods: We summarized previous reports on the preoperative prediction models forLNM and evaluated their validity to omit lymphadenectomy in our recent cohorts. Next, wecompared characteristics of two ongoing lymphadenectomy trials (JCOG1412, ECLAT) toexamine the survival benefit of lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer, and described thedetails of JCOG1412. Results: Lymphadenectomy has been omitted for 64 endometrial cancer patients who met low risk criteria to omit lymphadenectomy using our scoring system (LNM score) and no lymphaticfailure has been observed. Other two models also produced comparable results. Two randomizedphase III trials to evaluate survival benefit of lymphadenectomy are ongoing for endometrialcancer. JCOG1412 compares pelvic lymphadenectomy alone with pelvic and para-aorticlymphadenectomy to evaluate the therapeutic role of para-aortic lymphadenectomy for patients atrisk of LNM. For quality assurance of lymphadenectomy, we defined several regulations, includinglower limit of the number of resected nodes, and submission of photos of dissected area toevaluate thoroughness of lymphadenectomy in the protocol. The latest monitoring report showedthat the quality of lymphadenectomy has been well-controlled in JCOG1412. Conclusion: Our strategy seems reasonable to omit lymphadenectomy and could begeneralized in clinical practice. JCOG1412 is a high-quality lymphadenectomy trial in terms ofthe quality of surgical procedures, which would draw the bona-fide conclusions regarding thetherapeutic role of lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer.
Neutron Energy Spectra at 180˚ from 140 MeV Proton Incident Reactions
Yosuke Iwamoto,Daiki Satoh,Yoshihiro Nakane,Hiroshi Nakashima,Akira Endo,Yukio Sakamoto 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The neutron energy spectra of carbon, iron, and gold targets with 140 MeV protons at 180˚ were measured at the RCNP cyclotron facility using the time-of-flight technique. The results were compared with results calculated using the evaluated nuclear data file (the LA150 library) and the intranuclear cascade models (JAM and JQMD) implemented in the PHITS code. The results using LA150 and JQMD generally agreed with the experimental data except for the carbon target, but the JAM could not reproduce high-energy neutrons above .
( Tomoya Iida ),( Suguru Nakagaki ),( Shuji Satoh ),( Haruo Shimizu ),( Hiroyuki Kaneto ),( Hiroshi Nakase ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.2
Background/Aims: Although multiple treatment options exist for the management of sigmoid colon volvulus, no study has examined the factors associated with successful endoscopic detorsion. This study aimed to examine the clinical course of patients with sigmoid colon volvulus and to identify factors related to successful endoscopic detorsion. Methods: This study included 30 cases (21 patients) of sigmoid volvulus from among 545 cases of intestinal obstruction at a single center. We retrospectively examined the clinical course and the factors associated with the possibility of endoscopic detorsion of sigmoid colon volvulus. Results: The rate of laxative use among the study participants was 76.2%; the rate of comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders was 61.9%; and 57.1% of patients had a history of open abdominal surgery. All patients were initially treated with endoscopic detorsion, and this procedure had a 61.9% success rate. The recurrence rate after detorsion was as high as 46.2%, but detorsion during revision endoscopy was possible in all cases. Statistical analysis revealed that the absence of abdominal tenderness (P =0.027), the use of laxatives (P =0.027), and a history of open abdominal surgery (P =0.032) were factors predictive of successful endoscopic detorsion. Conclusions: The results of our study are consistent with previous reports with respect to the success rate of endoscopic detorsion, the subsequent recurrence rate, and the proportion of patients requiring surgical treatment. In addition, we identified the absence of abdominal tenderness, the use of laxatives, and history of open abdominal surgery as factors predicting successful endoscopic detorsion of sigmoid colon volvulus. (Intest Res 2017;15:215-220)
Difference in Methylmercury Exposure to Fetus and Breast-feeding Offspring: A Mini-Review
Sakamoto Mineshi,Murata Katsuyuki,Nakai Kunihiko,Satoh Hiroshi Korean Society of Environmental Health 2005 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.31 No.3
The purpose of this paper was to concisely review the practical changes in MeHg concentrations in fetus and offspring throughout gestation and suckling from our recent animal and human studies. In the animal study, adult female rats were given a diet containing 5ug/g Hg (as MeHg) for 8 weeks. Then they were mated and subsequently given the same diet throughout gestation and suckling. On embryonic days 18, 20, 22 and at parturition, the concentrations of Hg in the brains of fetus were approximately 1.5-2.0 times higher than those in the mothers. However, during the suckling period Hg concentrations in the brain rapidly declined to about 1/10 of that during late pregnancy. Hg concentrations in blood also decreased rapidly after birth. In human study, Hg concentrations in red blood cells (RBC-Hg) in 16 pairs of maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were compared at birth and 3 months of age after parturition. RBC-Hg in the umbilical cords was about 1.6 times higher than those in the mothers at parturition. However, all the infants showed declines in Hg concentrations throughout the breast-feeding period. RBC-Hg at 3 months of age was about half that at birth. Both the animal and human studies indicated that MeHg exposure to the fetus might be especially high but it dramatically decreases during the suckling period. Therefore, close attention should be paid to the gestation rather than the breast-feeding period to avoid the risk of MeHg to human infants.
Biological activity of an Indian medical plant, Indigofera cordifolia
Rao, Bhattiprolu Kesava,Kawase, Masami,Tanaka, Toru,Tani, Satoru,Motohashi, Noboru,Satoh, Kazue,Sakagami, Hiroshi,Terakubo, Shigemi,Nakashima, Hideki,Wolfard, Krisztina,Molnar, Joseph Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2004 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.4 No.3
The ethanol extract of Indigofera cordifolia was studied for in vivo gastroprotective activity, cytotoxic activity against oral tumor and normal cells, multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal activity, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity and radical scavenging activity. The extract of I. cordifolia showed potent gastric mucosal protective activity against stomach injury induced by HCl/EtOH solution. However, the gastroprotective activity could not be related to the radical mechanism, because the extract weakly scavenged both OH radical and $O_2*^-$. The extract also showed promising levels of MDR-reversing activity. This study demonstrates the tumor-specific cytotoxic action of the plant extract. However, the extract had no anti-HIV activity. From above results, the study suggests the medicinal importance of I. cordiforia extract.