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Lee, Yong-Uk,Son, Miseol,Kim, Jiyoung,Shim, Yhong-Hee,Kawasaki, Ichiro Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Cell Cycle Vol.15 No.5
<P>Intestinal divisions in Caenorhabditis elegans take place in 3 stages: (1) cell divisions during embryogenesis, (2) binucleations at the L1 stage, and (3) endoreduplications at the end of each larval stage. Here, we report that CDC-25.2, a C. elegans ortholog of Cdc25, is required for these specialized division cycles between the 16E cell stage and the onset of endoreduplication. Results of our genetic analyses suggest that CDC-25.2 regulates intestinal cell divisions and binucleations by counteracting WEE-1.3 and by activating the CDK-1/CYB-1 complex. CDC-25.2 activity is then repressed by LIN-23 E3 ubiquitin ligase before the onset of intestinal endoreduplication, and this repression is maintained by LIN-35, the C. elegans ortholog of Retinoblastoma (Rb). These findings indicate that timely regulation of CDC-25.2 activity is essential for the progression of specialized division cycles and development of the C. elegans intestine.</P>
Choi, Sung-Uk,Kang, Hyeongsik Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Journal of hydraulic research Vol.54 No.5
<P>This paper reports a numerical investigation of the characteristics of mean flow and turbulence statistics for a depth-limited flow with submerged vegetation in a rectangular channel. To achieve this, the double-averaged Navier-Stokes equations were solved using the Reynolds stress closure model. A zone with increased velocity was observed at the corner between sidewall and free surface, thus forming two velocity maxima, one at the centre of the channel and one at the corner. This is consistent with previous experimental observations. The velocity maximum at the corner can be attributed to the enlarged bottom vortex caused by submerged vegetation, which transports high-momentum fluids from the centre to the corner of the channel. The velocity maximum at the corner was found to occur in the flow with submerged vegetation regardless of roughness density and relative submergence. The velocity maximum at the corner affects the mean flow, but has a negligible effect on turbulence statistics.</P>