델파이기법을 활용한 국가 공공(公共)백신 연구개발 정책수립 기초조사

이소민 ( Somin Lee1 ),여상구 ( Sanggu Yeo ),강신정 ( Shinjung Kang ),한순영 ( Soonyoung Han ),이상원 ( Sangwon Lee ) 한국보건행정학회 2015 보건행정학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Background: Vaccination is the most powerful and useful preparation against infectious diseases. However, developing vaccines costs a lot and requires extensive long-term efforts. Therefore, the government should research and develop vaccines with a national-level policy. To greatly enhance the success rate of vaccine development, the policy should be set up considering priorities such as the current status of domestic research, the importance for public health, the urgency of research. Methods: The Delphi technique was utilized to draft this survey, through a brainstorming stage, then two inquiries, and finally the final panel meeting where unresolved items were discussed, to draw the conclusion. Results: Among the results, firstly, the highest ranked item on centralized fields for vaccine development by the Ministry of Health was ‘self-sufficiency of vaccines.’ Secondly, ‘emerging infectious disease’ was most highly ranked in prioritized fields of vaccine development and research. Thirdly, for the vaccine that needs to be improved and developed further by the government to improve its efficacy and safety, BCG (Bacille de Calmette) for tuberculosis was ranked the highest on both types (intradermal and subcutaneous injection) from National Immunization Programme (NIP) and non-NIP. As for the high risk pathogens, ‘anthrax’ and ‘smallpox’ were first and second, consecutively. Lastly, ‘development and control of vaccine candidates’ was ranked the highest for the area in need for technique development in order to improve domestic vaccine’s research level. Conclusion: The results of this study will be put to good use as basic data for the national vaccine research and development (R&D) policy of the country. This study was first step and more studies should be carried out for the final decision of the national vaccine R&D priority.

Fast motion estimation based on enhanced constrained one-bit transform

Lee, Sanggu,Jeong, Jechang,Jeon, Gwanggil Institution of Electrical Engineers 2014 Electronics letters Vol.50 No.10

An enhanced constrained one-bit transform (C1BT)-based fast motion estimation (ME) method is proposed. Binary transform-based ME identifies the proper motion vector by transforming the 8-bit pixels in the original image into a low bit depth of the bit plane, substantially reducing the computational complexity and facilitating hardware implementation by using the number of non-matching points (NNMPs) instead of the sum of absolute difference (SAD). However, a motion block size is N x N, therefore the dynamic range of NNMP (0 <= NNMP <= N x N) is decreased to 1/256 compared to that of the SAD with 8-bit images (0 <= SAD <= 256 x N x N). The higher the NNMP between the current bit plane and the previous bit plane, the more probable that it will be the block most similar to each other. Therefore, the matching error criterion of NNMP is extended to improve ME performance. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves the performance of ME accuracy by 0.27, 0.38 and 0.67 dB compared to the C1BT-based ME, two-bit transform (2BT)-based ME and 1BT-based ME, respectively.

Longitudinal Modal Analysis of a LOX-filled Tank Using the Virtual Mass Method

Lee, SangGu,Sim, JiSoo,Shin, SangJoon,Kim, Youdan The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

For liquid rocket engine(LRE)-based space launch vehicles, longitudinal instability, often referred to as the pogo phenomenon in the literature is predicted. In the building block of system-level task, accurate dynamic modeling of a fluid-filled tank is an essential. This paper attempts to apply the virtual mass method that accounts for the interaction of the vehicle structure and the enclosed liquid oxygen to LOX-filled tanks. The virtual mass method is applied in a modal analysis considering the hydroelastic effect of the launch vehicle tank. This method involves an analysis of the fluid in the tank in the form of mass matrix. To verify the accuracy of this method, the experimental modal data of a small hemispherical tank is used. Finally, the virtual mass method is applied to a 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank. In addition, the LOX tank bottom pressure in the external tank model is estimated. The LOX tank bottom pressure is the factor required for the coupling of the LOX tank with the propulsion system. The small hemispherical tank analysis provides relatively accurate results, and the 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank provides reasonable results. The LOX tank bottom pressure is also similar to that in the numerical results of a previous analysis.

For the Positive Definite Sign Pattern Matrices

Lee, Sanggu,Park, Sewon 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.2

John S.Maybee와 J.Quirk가 행렬이론 안에서 정성적 문제를 다루기 시작하여 부호화 행렬에 관한 많은 연구가 진행되어지고 있는데, 이전에 사용하던 부호화행렬의 곱을 임의의 부호화행렬에 대해서 정의되도록 하므로써 기존의 여러 가지 부호화행렬상의 결과들을 확장 적용할 수 있게 되었으며, 양정치행렬을 정의할 수 있게 되어 실수 행렬상의 고유치 문제와 관계된 결과를 부호화행렬을 이용하여 양의 고유치만을 갖는 실수 행렬의 형태를 규명하도록 한다. A matrix whose entries consist of the symbols +, 1 and 0 is called a sign pattern matrix. In [1], a graph theoretic characterization of sign pattern matrices that allow or require various eigenvalues was given. As we define the new product on sign pattern matrices, we have a definition of a positive (semi)definite sign pattern matrix and similar results relative to the problem of eigenvalues on real matrices.

Longitudinal Modal Analysis of a LOX-filled Tank Using the Virtual Mass Method

SangGu Lee,JiSoo Sim,SangJoon Shin,Youdan Kim 한국항공우주학회 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

For liquid rocket engine(LRE)-based space launch vehicles, longitudinal instability, often referred to as the pogo phenomenon in the literature is predicted. In the building block of system-level task, accurate dynamic modeling of a fluid-filled tank is an essential. This paper attempts to apply the virtual mass method that accounts for the interaction of the vehicle structure and the enclosed liquid oxygen to LOX-filled tanks. The virtual mass method is applied in a modal analysis considering the hydroelastic effect of the launch vehicle tank. This method involves an analysis of the fluid in the tank in the form of mass matrix. To verify the accuracy of this method, the experimental modal data of a small hemispherical tank is used. Finally, the virtual mass method is applied to a 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank. In addition, the LOX tank bottom pressure in the external tank model is estimated. The LOX tank bottom pressure is the factor required for the coupling of the LOX tank with the propulsion system. The small hemispherical tank analysis provides relatively accurate results, and the 1/8-scale space shuttle external tank provides reasonable results. The LOX tank bottom pressure is also similar to that in the numerical results of a previous analysis.

우주 발사체의 포고현상 예측을 위한 공급/추진계의 파이프 압력모드 해석 기법 제안

이상구(SangGu Lee),이시훈(SiHun Lee),신상준(SangJoon Shin) 한국추진공학회 2017 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.5

액체 추진제를 사용하는 우주발사체의 설계 단계에서 고려되는 사항 중 축방향 동적 불안정성인 포고현상에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 포고 현상이란 발사체 구조계의 축방향 진동이 공급/추진계의 압력 및 유량의 변화를 유발하고, 이러한 변화가 구조계를 다시 가진하는 닫힌계를 구성하여 발사체의 진동을 점차적으로 증가시키는 불안정성을 말한다. 본 논문에서는 포고 현상 중 발사체 공급/추진계에서 발생하는 압력 및 유량의 변화에 대한 동적해석에 초점을 맞추었다. 우주왕복선의 연구사례를 바탕으로 공급/추진계의 음향모드 해석을 수행하여 구조계의 불안정성을 유발하는 공급라인의 모드를 예측하고자 하였다. Among the factors considered in the design stage of a space launch vehicle using liquid propellant, research has been focused out on the pogo phenomenon, longitudinal dynamic instability. The pogo phenomenon refers to the instability that the longitudinal vibration of the launch vehicle structure causes a change in the pressure and flow rate of the fluids in propulsion system, and this change re-excites the fuselage structure. This mechanism constitutes a closed system to gradually increase the vibration of the launch vehicle. This paper specifically focuses on the dynamic analysis of pressure and flow changes in the propulsion system. Based on the example study of the space shuttle, the acoustic modal analysis of the propulsion system is performed to predict the modes of the supply line causing instability of the fuselage.

디지털 콘텐츠 제작에 있어 효율적인 공간표현을 위한 공간인지이론 연구

이상구(Lee Sanggu) 한국디지털디자인학회 2008 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.8 No.1

우리의 일상생활에 산재해있는 미디어가 보내는 대부분의 정보는 2차원의 평면을 통해 전달되고 있다. 아침식사를 하며 2차원의 신문을 읽고 2차원의 컴퓨터 모니터 앞에서 하루의 일과를 시작하고 가정에서는 2차원의 TV와 함께 시간을 보낸다. 디지털 미디어의 보급으로 무수히 쏟아지는 디지털 콘텐츠 역시 2차원 디스플레이의 한계를 벗어나지 못하고 있다. 따라서 디지털 콘텐츠 제작 시 3차원 공간을 만들어 내고자하는 노력이 필요하다. 공간감의 증대는 현실감이나 사실감을 높여주고 이는 사용자들을 해당 콘텐츠에 더욱 몰입하게 만들 것이다. 또한 깊이를 지닌 공간의 활용을 통해 정보 전달의 과정을 보다 체계적으로 설계할 수 있을 것이다. 이로 인해 콘텐츠에서 얻는 사용자 만족도가 높아지고 콘텐츠의 정보 전달력도 향상될 것이다. 이러한 이유에서 본 연구는 2차원 평면에 3차원의 공간을 효율적으로 표현하고 연출 해 낼 수 있는 방법을 모색하고자한다. 우선 본 연구에서 다루는 공간에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해 여러 디자인 분야에서 다루어지는 공간에 대한 개념을 살펴보고 미술사의 고증을 통해 회화와 디자인에서 3차원 공간 표현의 방법론적 자취를 찾아볼 것이다. 다음으로 공간인지 이론에 있어서 먼저 화면에 놓인 위치와 크기의 상관관계를 규정하는 몇 가지 이론들을 살펴보고 양안시차와 운동시차에 따른 공간구현에 대해서도 논의할 것이다. 아울러 시점과 경계선에 의해 인지되는 공간에 대해 언급하고 이 이론들이 디지털 콘텐츠 제작 시 적용된 사례와 활용방안들을 제시하게 될 것이다. The information of the media which are widely spread into our daily life is transmitted through two dimensional planes. We read two dimensional newspapers with our breakfast. We work in front of two dimensional computer monitors. We watch a two dimensional TV at home. Also the lots of digital contents which are increased with the wide spread of digital media are trapped into two dimensional display devices. Therefore when we make digital contents it is needed to try to construct three dimensional space. The buildup of a sense of space would increase actuality or reality and it might make users to concentrate more on the digital contents. Also the transmission of information would be designed more systematically with using the space which has depth. Then users could have more satisfaction and the information of those contents could be delivered with more velocity. In this reason this paper researches the effective ways to create the three dimensional space on the two dimensional plane. First the concept of space which is dealing in various design areas is shown to help to understand the meaning of space in this article. It researches the attempts to produce the three dimensional space in the history of painting and design. In the study of depth perceptions some theories are introduced that show the relationship between depth perception and position and size. This paper also mentions about the perspective related with binocular disparity and motion. Furthermore it discusses the theories of spatial perception concerned with a point of view and outlines. Finally it introduces some examples or ways to apply these theories.

3차원 탱크의 유탄성 해석을 위한 가상 질량 기법과 Phantom 경계의 적용 및 비교

이상구(SangGu Lee),심지수(JiSoo Sim),신상준(SangJoon Shin) 한국항공우주학회 2016 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

Genotypic and Environmental Effects on the Vitamin Content in Commercial Red Peppers

Soyoung Lee,Eun-Ha Kim,Sooyun Park,Sanggu Lee,Tae-Hoon Ryu,Hyeon-Jung Kang,Dayoung Baek,Hwi-Young Park,Gyeong Min Lee,Seon-Woo Oh 한국식품영양과학회 2019 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2019 No.10

정합 오차 기준을 확장한 제한된 1비트 변환 알고리즘 기반의 움직임 예측

이상구(Sanggu Lee),정제창(Jechang Jeong) 한국방송·미디어공학회 2013 방송공학회논문지 Vol.18 No.5