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Application of expert system for smart livestock production management: A review
Sung Wook Lee,Md Nasim Reza,Sun-Ok Chung,Ho-Sung An,Ye Rin Lee,Sung Soo Kim,Hye Won Seo,Chang Uk Cheon 사단법인 한국정밀농업학회 2023 정밀농업과학기술지 Vol.5 No.1
Globally, the population is expanding, whereas the agricultural labor population is decreasing due to the population aging. In addition, as a result of the liberalization of trade restrictions, prices for food and livestock are becoming less competitive, and the effects of climate change are becoming more pronounced. As a result, there is a growing expectation for the livestock industry to adopt cutting-edge technologies in order to maximize efficiency and output. This paper reviewed the current livestock industry based on the livestock environment management, feeding management, disease prediction and management, and the field of manure treatment. Applications and justifications for expert systems in the livestock sector were also discussed, as were examples and justifications for effective mechanization and automation systems. The paper also covered the anticipated future applications of the expert system and conducts an analysis of the current use cases.
Endobronchial carcinoid diagnosed due to obstructive pneumonia by superimposed aspergillosis
( Sang Ok Jung ),( Min Ji Cho ),( Dong Il Park ),( Sun Young Kim ),( Ju Ock Kim ),( Sung Soo Jung ),( Hee Sun Park ),( Jeong Eun Lee ),( Jae Young Moon ),( Chaeuk Chung ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
Case Report: A 63-year-old woman visited with a right middle lobe (RML) mass measuring 27 mm × 21 mm, suggesting endobronchial malignancy (Fig. A). She was on methotrexate due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Bronchoscopy showed fibrosis and stenosis of the lateral segment of RML (Fig. B). The patient refused diagnostic thoracotomy. Three months later, she presented to emergency room because of obstructive pneumoniaand the mass had increased in size to 66 mm × 39 mm (Fig. C). After 2 weeks of antibiotic treatment, double sleeve lobectomy was done. Unexpectedly, the biopsy revealed a 2 mm × 2 mm carcinoid tumor in the RML (Fig. D), located distal to an endobronchial aspergilloma (Fig. E). Follow up chest computed tomograpy showed no recurrence 4 months after surgery (Fig. F). Discussions: Endobronchial aspergilloma is a rare disease entity with pulmonary involvement of aspergillosis. In immunocompetent patients,aspergillosis requires a nidus or structural changes that induce airflow stasis in order to colonize the bronchial lumen. However, because the carcinoid tumor was too small to cause airway narrowing in our case, aspergilloma might be related to other causes such as RA or its medication including methotrexate. Perhaps carcinoid tumor occurred incidentally with aspergilloma at the same time. In addition to malignancy, aspergillosis should be suspected as cause for obstructive pneumonia, especially in RA patients. Because a small carcinoid tumor may occur with aspergillosis, biopsy specimens should be reviewed in detail.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome and hypothermia associated with antituberculosis medication
( Sang Ok Jung ),( Min Ji Cho ),( Dong Il Park ),( Sun Young Kim ),( Ju Ock Kim ),( Sung Soo Jung ),( Hee Sun Park ),( Jeong Eun Lee ),( Jae Young Moon ),( Chaeuk Chung ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
Introduction: We herein present a case of 76-year-old man who showed severe adverse effects of anti-TB medication, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), hypothermia, and lactic acidosis. Case Report: A 76-year-old man with congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, pericardial effusion, and pleural effusion was diagnosed of pulmonary TB with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and constrictive pericarditis (Fig. A, B). After 8 weeks Anti-TB treatment, he showed generalized cutaneous exanthema consisting of crusts and erythematous plaques on the patient’s trunk and diagnosed with SJS with xerosis cutis (Fig. C). And he also demonstrated hypothermia below 35°C and sustained lactic acidosis. After careful fluid therapy and inotropic agents with external warming, skin lesion and general condition gradually improved (Fig. D). Discussions: SJS and toxic epidermal necrolysis are life-threatening cutaneous drug reactions in which cell death causes the epidermis to separate from the dermis. SJS and toxic epidermal necrolysis involve 30% of the body surface, respectively. SJS, hypothermia, lactic acidosis, and aggravated constrictive pericarditis are possible adverse effects of anti-TB therapy, but in this case, these various severe side effects occurred simultaneously. Because treating TB in patients with underlying diseases can cause multiple problems or aggravate underlying diseases, attention is required to understand the early signs of adverse effects and address them rapidly and appropriately.
Effect of Drainage System on ET and Drainage Flows
( Chung Sang Ok ) 한국농공학회 1992 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.34 No.-
The effects of drainage system on evapotranspiration and drainage flows are studied. Data from drainage field experiment at Castalia in North Central Branch, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center were used in this study. A water table management model, ADATP (Agricultural Drainage and Pesticide Transport), which was developed by combining the GLEAMS and the subsurface drainage part of the DRAINMOD model with several modifications, was evaluated and used to predict hydrologic components. The ET is very much affected by the presence of tile drainage system but not significantly affected by the surface drainage system. The combined surface and subsurface drainage system gives the largest total outflow values while the surface drainage only system gives the smallest. Comparisons of model predicted and measured values of surface runoff only, subsurface drainage only, and combined surface runoff and subsurface drainage system are in satisfactory agreement. The model predicted values are within the range of the variations of the observed replications in general. Based on the results of the model evaluation study, it is concluded that ADAPT model can be used to design water table management systems.
Inhibition of P-Glycoprotein by Natural Products in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Chung, Soo-Yeon,Sung, Min-Kyung,Kim, Na-Hyung,Jang, Jung-Ok,Go, Eun-Jung,Lee, Hwa-Jeong The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.7
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the most significant obstacles in cancer chemotherapy. One of the mechanisms involved in the development of MDR is the over-expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). It is widely known that natural compounds found in vegetables, fruits, plant-derived beverages and herbal dietary supplements not only have anticancer properties, but may also modulate P-gp activity. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of naturally occurring products on P-gp function in human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 (sensitive) and MCF-7/ADR (resistant). The accumulation of daunomycin (DNM), a P-gp substrate, was greater in the sensitive cells compared to the resistant cells, while the efflux of DNM was higher in the resistant cells compared to the sensitive cells over a period of 2h. The $IC_{50}$ value of DNM in the resistant cells was about 22 times higher than that in the sensitive cells, indicating an over-expression of P-gp in the resistant cells, MCF-7/ADR. All of the compounds tested, with the exception of fisetin, significantly decreased the $IC_{50}$ value of DNM. Biochanin A showed the greatest increase in $[^3H]-DNM$ accumulation, increasing by $454.3{\pm}19.5%$ in the resistant cells, whereas verapamil, the positive control, increased the accumulation by $229.4{\pm}17.6%$. Also, the accumulation of $[^3H]-DNM$ was increased substantially by quercetin and silymarin while it was reduced by fisetin. Moreover, biochanin A, silymarin, and naringenin significantly decreased DNM efflux from MCF-7/ADR cells compared with the control. These results suggest that some flavonoids such as biochanin A and silymarin may reverse MDR by inhibiting the P-gp function.