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Sang Min Lee,June-Goo Lee,Gaeun Lee,최주애,도경현,Namkug Kim,Joon Beom Seo 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.2
Objective: The aim of our study was to develop and validate a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to convert CT images reconstructed with one kernel to images with different reconstruction kernels without using a sinogram. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Ten chest CT scans were performed and reconstructed with the B10f, B30f, B50f, and B70f kernels. The dataset was divided into six, two, and two examinations for training, validation, and testing, respectively. We constructed a CNN architecture consisting of six convolutional layers, each with a 3 x 3 kernel with 64 filter banks. Quantitative performance was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE) values. To validate clinical use, image conversion was conducted on 30 additional chest CT scans reconstructed with the B30f and B50f kernels. The influence of image conversion on emphysema quantification was assessed with Bland–Altman plots. Results: Our scheme rapidly generated conversion results at the rate of 0.065 s/slice. Substantial reduction in RMSE was observed in the converted images in comparison with the original images with different kernels (mean reduction, 65.7%; range, 29.5–82.2%). The mean emphysema indices for B30f, B50f, converted B30f, and converted B50f were 5.4 ± 7.2%, 15.3 ± 7.2%, 5.9 ± 7.3%, and 16.8 ± 7.5%, respectively. The 95% limits of agreement between B30f and other kernels (B50f and converted B30f) ranged from -14.1% to -2.6% (mean, -8.3%) and -2.3% to 0.7% (mean, -0.8%), respectively. Conclusion: CNN-based CT kernel conversion shows adequate performance with high accuracy and speed, indicating its potential clinical use.
Effects of Bee Venom on Cholecystokinin Octapeptide-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Rats :
Seo, Sang-Wan,Jung, Won-Seok,Lee, Sung-Eon,Choi, Chang-Min,Shin, Byung-Chul,Kim, Eun-Kyung,Kwon, Kang-Beom,Hong, Seung-Heon,Yun, Ki-Jung,Park, Rae-Kil,Shin, Min-Kyo,Song, Ho-Joon Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - Lippincott Wi 2008 PANCREAS Vol.36 No.2
<P>OBJECTIVES: Bee venom (BV) has frequently been used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BV on cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8)-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) in rats. METHODS: The BV pretreatment group: 0.25 mg/kg BV was administered subcutaneously, followed by 75 mug/kg CCK-8 subcutaneously 3 times after 1, 3, and 5 hours. This whole procedure was repeated for 5 days. Control group: CCK-8 subcutaneously 3 times after 1, 3, and 5 hours for 5 days. The BV posttreatment group: CCK-8 subcutaneously 3 times at an interval of 2 hours for 3 days, and then 0.25 mg/kg of BV was administered subcutaneously. Control group: CCK-8 subcutaneously 3 times at an interval of 2 hours for 3 days. RESULTS: The BV pretreatment and posttreatment ameliorated many of the examined laboratory parameters (the pancreatic weight [PW]/body weight [BW] ratio, the serum amylase and lipase activity) and reduced histological damages in pancreas. Furthermore, BV pretreatment reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1, and interleukin 6 and also decreased pancreatic nuclearfactor-kappaB binding activity compared with saline-treated group in the AP model. The BV also increased heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) compared with the saline-treated group in the AP model. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of BV in CCK-8-induced AP seems to be mediated by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappaB binding activity, and that BV may have a protective effect against AP.</P>
Dectin-1 Stimulation Selectively Reinforces LPS-driven IgG1 Production by Mouse B Cells
Beom-Seok Seo,Sang-Hoon Lee,Ju-Eon Lee,유영춘,Junglim Lee,박석래 대한면역학회 2013 Immune Network Vol.13 No.5
Dectin-1, which specifically recognizes β-glucan of fungal cell walls, is a non-Toll-like receptor (TLR) pattern recognition receptor and a representative of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). The importance of Dectin-1 in innate immune cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, has previously been well studied. However, the function of Dectin-1 in B cells is very poorly understood. To determine the role of Dectin-1 in B cell activation, we first investigated whether mouse B cells express Dectin-1 and then assessed the effect of Dectin-1 stimulation on B cell proliferation and antibody production. Mouse B cells express mRNAs encoding CLRs, including Dectin-1, and surface Dectin-1 was expressed in B cells of C57BL/6 rather than BALB/c strain. Dectin-1 agonists, heat-killed Candida albicans (HKCA) and heat-killed Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HKSC), alone induced B cell proliferation but not antibody production. Interestingly, HKSC, HKCA, and depleted zymosan (a selective Dectin-1 agonist) selectively enhanced LPS-driven IgG1 production. Taken together, these results suggest that, during fungal infection, β-glucan-stimulated Dectin-1 may cooperate with TLR4 to specifically enhance IgG1 production by mouse B cells.
Involvement of Cdc2 in Axonal Regeneration Enhanced by Exercise Training in Rats
SEO, TAE BEOM,HAN, IN SUN,YOON, JIN-HWAN,HONG, KWON-EUI,YOON, SUNG-JIN,NAMGUNG, UK The American College of Sports Medicine 2006 Medicine and science in sports and exercise Vol.38 No.7
PURPOSE:: Physical activity can improve sensorimotor recovery after peripheral nerve injury. We examined the effects of treadmill training (TMT) on axonal regeneration in the injured sciatic nerve of the rat and further investigated cellular and molecular events that underlie enhanced axonal regrowth by training. METHODS:: After crush injury of the sciatic nerves, rats were randomly assigned into either TMT or sedentary groups. Three to 14 d after injury, changes in protein levels in the regenerating nerve were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Axonal regeneration was assessed by anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques. The animals' functional recovery was determined by the sciatic functional index. RESULTS:: We identified enhanced axonal regrowth in the distal stump of the sciatic nerve 7-14 d after injury in the rats with TMT. Cell division cycle 2 (Cdc2) mRNA and protein levels were highly increased in the injured sciatic nerves 3 and 7 d after injury, and decreased to basal levels 14 d later. Daily TMT accelerated distal shift of Cdc2 mRNA and protein induced in the regenerating nerves, and Cdc2 kinase activity was similarly increased in the distal stump by TMT. Cdc2 protein induced by TMT was mainly colocalized with Schwann cell marker S100&bgr; protein, and correlated with axial distribution pattern of bromodeoxyuridine-labeled proliferating cell population in the regenerating nerve. We further demonstrate that axonal regeneration and motor function recovery after injury, both of which were promoted by TMT, were greatly suppressed by in vivo administration of Cdc2 inhibitor roscovitine. CONCLUSION:: The present data suggest that Cdc2 kinase activated in the regenerating sciatic nerve may play an important role in TMT-mediated enhancement of axonal regeneration.
( Sang Eun Lee ),( Hyeon Beom Seo ),( Hye Ji Kim ),( Ji Hyeon Yeon ),( Kyung Hwan Jung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.11
In this study, a galactooligosaccharide (GOS) was synthesized using active β-galactosidase (β-gal) inclusion bodies (IBs)-containing Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells. Analysis by MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationtime of flight) mass spectrometry revealed that a trisaccharide was the major constituent of the synthesized GOS mixture. Additionally, the optimal pH, lactose concentration, amounts of E. coli β-gal IBs, and temperature for GOS synthesis were 7.5, 500 g/l, 3.2 U/ml, and 37˚C, respectively. The total GOS yield from 500 g/l of lactose under these optimal conditions was about 32%, which corresponded to 160.4 g/l of GOS. Western blot analyses revealed that β-gal IBs were gradually destroyed during the reaction. In addition, when both the reaction mixture and E. coli β-gal hydrolysate were analyzed by highperformance thin-layer chromatography (HP-TLC), the trisaccharide was determined to be galactosyl lactose, indicating that a galactose moiety was most likely transferred to a lactose molecule during GOS synthesis. This GOS synthesis system might be useful for the synthesis of galactosylated drugs, which have recently received significant attention owing to the ability of the galactose molecules to improve the drugs solubility while decreasing their toxicity. β-Gal IB utilization is potentially a more convenient and economic approach to enzymatic GOS synthesis, since no enzyme purification steps after the transgalactosylation reaction would be required.