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최승윤,배상희,송유한,Choi Seung Yoon,Bae Sang Hee,Song Yoo Han 한국응용곤충학회 1970 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.9 No.1
본 시험은 유기인계 살충제인 Terracur P입제 및 Lebaycid 입제와 유기염소계 살충제인 상감마입제$(\gamma-BHC 입제)$를 수면시용 하였을때 수도요해충인 이화명충, 끝 동매미충, 애멸구 및 흰둥멸구에 대한 동시방제가능성과 방제적기를 구명하고 약제간의 방제효과를 비교코저 실시하였다. 얻어진 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 약제처리후 부화직후 이화명충 접종 시험에 있어서 상감마와 Terracur P는 높은 살충율을 보였으나 Lebaycid의 살충율은 낮았다. 約 $50\%$ 살충력 잔효일수에 있어서 상감마는 8-14日이었고 Terracur P는 6일간이었다. 2) 당초 계획된 방제적기에 관한 정보는 얻을 수 없었다. 즉 주어진 일간격이 좁아 유의한 차를 얻을 수 없었다. 3) 1,2화기 이화명충에 대한 방제효과는 Terracur P=상감마>Lebaycid의 순이었다. 4) Terracur P와 Lebaycid 입제의 처리는 끝동매미충의 방제효과가 좋았으나 상감마$(\gamma-BHC 입제)$의 방제효과는 기대할 수 없었다. 끝동매미충에 대한 Terracur P와 Lebaycid입제의 잔효력은 30일 이상이었다. 5) 애멸구와 흰등별구에 대한 시험은 충의 서식밀도가 낮기 때문에 약제간 방제효과를 얻을 수 없었다. 6) 공시약제중 Terracur P와 Lebaycidd입제는 이화명충과 끌동매미충의 동시방제제로서 사용할 수 있을 것 같다. This experiment was conducted to find out the simultaneous control effect of granulated insecticides on the several major rice insect pests in Korea. The granulated insecticides used were Terracur P$5\%$ (one of the phosphoric insecticides), Lebaycid $5\%$, and Sang-gamma (gamma-BHC) $6\%$. Those insecticides were broadcasted by hand on the paddy field at the ratio of 3kg. in June and 4kg. in August per 10 a, and the date of insecticidal application was based on the maximum moth occurrence of the rice stem borer in 1969. The rice insect pests tested in this study were rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis W.), green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix bipunctatus cincticeps U.), smiller brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus F.), and white back planthopper (Sogotella furcifera H.). For the study of residual effectiveness of the insecticides, the rice stem borer larvae just hatched from the eggs were installed on the sheath of rice plants collected from the paddy field after insecticidal treatment, and the mortality was made at 48 hours after installation. High mortality was observed in Terracur P and Sang-gamma treatments and low mortality in Lebaycid treatment. The duration of residual effects giving about 50% mortality was about 14 days in Sang-gamma and about 6 days in Terracur P treatments. The study on the effectiveness of the insecticides to the rice stem borer in the paddy field was made by the number of dead blades and white heads of the rice plants injured by the larvae, and the number of survival larvae in the straws after crop harvest. The order of insecticidal effectiveness to the rice stem borer was Terracur P=Sang-gamm>Lebaycid. The study on the effectiveness of the insecticides to the leafhoppers and planthoppers in the paddy field was made by the population density by sweeping (5 times) at the given day intervals after treatments. Terracur P was highly effective for the control of the green rice leafhoppers and Lebaycid was moderately effective, but Sang-gamma seemed not to be effective. The effectiveness of the insecticides tested to the planthoppers was not clear, and it seemed to related with the low insect population density. Study on the determination of proper timing of insecticidal application was not also made clear, and it seemed to be short in the range of day intervals in the insecticidal application. For the study on the control effects of the rice insect pests, rice yield per 100 hills per plot was observed. There was no statistically significant difference among the treatments in rice yields, but the order of yield (Terracur P>Sang-gamma>Lebaycid>Control) was paralleled with the tends of control effects above mentioned. In a view point of simultaneous control of the rice stem borers and green rice leafhoppers by the application of granulated insecticides, Terracur P and Lebaycid were more effective than Sang-gamma which have been used.
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Bae Seongman,Lee Yun Woo,Lim So Yun,Lee Ji-Hyang,Lim Joon Seo,Lee Sojeong,Park Soyeon,Kim Sun-Kyung,Lim Young-Ju,Kim Eun Ok,Jung Jiwon,Kwon Hyouk-Soo,Kim Tae-Bum,Kim Sung-Han 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.17
Background: We performed a prospective survey on the adverse reactions following the first dose of two types of vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers (HCWs) in South Korea. Methods: HCWs at a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul, South Korea, received a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) or an mRNA-based vaccine (BNT162b2) between March 5 and March 26, 2021. The HCWs were asked to report adverse reactions through a mobile self-report questionnaire for three days after vaccination. Results: A total of 7,625 HCWs received the first dose of ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 vaccine during the study period. Of them, 5,866 (76.9%) HCWs (ChAdOx1, n = 5,589 [95.3%]; BNT162b2, n = 277 [4.7%]) participated at least once in the survey, of whom 77% were female and 86% were younger than 50 years. The overall adverse reaction rate was 93% in the ChAdOx1 group and 80% in the BNT162b2 group (P < 0.001). Both local and systemic reactions were more commonly reported in the ChAdOx1 group, and the difference was larger in systemic reactions such as fever and fatigue. In the ChAdOx1 group, the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly higher in females and those in the younger age groups, while the BNT162b2 group showed such difference according to age. Conclusion: In our prospective survey, vaccine-associated adverse reactions were more commonly reported in the ChAdOx1 group than in the BNT162b2 group. Females and younger age groups experienced vaccine-associated adverse reactions more frequently.
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Insects perceive local sex ratio in the absence of tactile or visual sex-specific cues
Han, Chang S.,Kang, Chang-Ku,Shin, Hong-Sup,Lee, Jeong-Hyun,Bae, Mi-Rye,Lee, Sang-Im,Jablonski, Piotr G. Springer-Verlag 2012 Behavioral ecology and sociobiology Vol.66 No.9
<P>Numerous studies have demonstrated adaptive behavioral responses of males and females to changes in operational sex ratio (the ratio of potentially receptive males to receptive females; OSR), and theory often assumes that animals have perfect instantaneous knowledge about the OSR. However, the role of sensory mechanisms in monitoring the local sex ratio by animals and whether animals can perceive local sex ratio in a manner consistent with model assumptions have not been well addressed. Here, we show that mating water striders <I>Gerris gracilicornis</I> respond to local sex ratio even when visual and physical contact with other individuals were experimentally prohibited. Our study shows that insects are able to estimate local population’s sex ratio and adjust their behavior based on nonvisual cues perceived at a distance or released to the habitat. Hence, the frequent theoretical assumption that individuals have knowledge about their local sex ratio regardless of their direct behavioral interactions may be an acceptable approximation of reality.</P>
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Biomechanical Study on the Convenience of Loading and Unloading Laundry in Clothes Dryer
Bae, Sang Hun,Kim, Dong Hyun,Kim, Han-Sung,Kim, Kyung Chun Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.6
Recently, household appliance designs have been emphasizing ergonomics and reducing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders for users. When laundry is taken out of a washing machine and put into a clothes dryer with the inlet in the front, a great deal of force is applied to users' shoulders, waist, and knees. This study proposes a new door system for clothes dryer that can be used more conveniently. The characteristics of the human body when moving laundry were first analyzed. For this purpose, experiments were carried out to determine the important biomechanical and design factors. We used Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) to evaluate the postures of the body. Motion data were then obtained from subjects using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. A biomechanical analysis of the internal organs in the human body was then performed using three-dimensional virtual human modeling.
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Bae, Ji-Young,Moon, Sun-Hwa,Choi, Jung-Ah,Park, Jong-Sug,Hahn, Bum-Soo,Kim, Ki-Yong,Kim, Byung-Han,Song, Jae-Young,Kwon, Dae-Hyuck,Lee, Suk-Chan,Kim, Jong-Bum,Yang, Joo-Sung The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2009 Immune Network Vol.9 No.6
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a small single-stranded RNA virus which belongs to the family Picornaviridae, genus Apthovirus. It is a principal cause of FMD which is highly contagious in livestock. In a wild type virus infection, infected animals usually elicit antibodies against structural and non-structural protein of FMDV. A structural protein, VP1, is involved in neutralization of virus particle, and has both B and T cell epitopes. A RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, 3D, is highly conserved among other serotypes and strongly immunogenic, therefore, we selected VP1 and 3D as vaccine targets. VP1 and 3D genes were codon-optimized to enhance protein expression level and cloned into mammalian expression vector. To produce recombinant protein, VP1 and 3D genes were also cloned into pET vector. The VP1 and 3D DNA or proteins were co-immunized into 5 weeks old BALB/C mice. Antigen-specific serum antibody (Ab) responses were detected by Ab ELISA. Cellular immune response against VP1 and 3D was confirmed by ELISpot assay. The results showed that all DNA- and protein-immunized groups induced cellular immune responses, suggesting that both DNA and recombinant protein vaccine administration efficiently induced Ag-specific humoral and cellular immune responses.
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Han, Tae-Un,Lee, Hye-Soon,Kang, Changwon,Bae, Sang-Cheol Informa UK Ltd. 2015 Autoimmunity Vol.48 No.5
<P>Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <I>SLC22A4</I> encoding an organic cation/zwitterion transporter protein, rs2073838 (commonly called slc2F1) and rs3792876 (slc2F2), had been associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in two Japanese and one recent Chinese studies but not in other two Japanese and six Caucasian studies. In this study, the two SNPs were genotyped for 2313 Korean participants and their associations with RA susceptibility and severity were examined. SNP association with RA susceptibility was tested among 1304 RA patients and 1009 healthy controls, and association with joint erosion among 1063 erosive and 241 non-erosive RA patients. Meta-analysis for RA susceptibility association was additionally performed using 10 previous studies and the current one. The two SNPs were almost perfectly correlated with each other (<I>r</I><SUP>2 </SUP>= 0.98), and therefore only slc2F1 was tested for association. RA susceptibility association was not found in Koreans (<I>p</I> = 0.93), but still significant in meta-analysis of six Asian studies including this Korean study (<I>p</I> = 0.00036, odds ratio = 1.1) or all 11 studies additionally including five Caucasian studies (<I>p</I> = 0.00021, odds ratio = 1.1). In contrast, an association was found for RA severity in Koreans. The minor allele <I>A</I> was marginally associated with 1.5-fold increased risk of joint erosion among RA patients afflicted for ≤11 years (<I>p</I> = 0.025) or ≤7 years (<I>p</I> = 0.029), though not among patients with longer-standing RA. Accordingly, <I>SLC22A4</I> was associated with joint erosion in not-very-longstanding RA, although RA susceptibility association was weak and its clinical significance was uncertain.</P>
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Approaching ultimate flexible organic light-emitting diodes using a graphene anode
Han, Tae-Hee,Park, Min-Ho,Kwon, Sung-Joo,Bae, Sang-Hoon,Seo, Hong-Kyu,Cho, Himchan,Ahn, Jong-Hyun,Lee, Tae-Woo Nature Publishing Group 2016 NPG Asia Materials Vol.8 No.-
<P>Ultimate flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) should have an ultra-high device efficiency, a low-efficiency roll-off at a high luminance and excellent flexibility. Here, we realized flexible tandem OLEDs using a graphene anode with a very high electroluminescent efficiency of similar to 205.9 cd A(-1), 45.2% (similar to 396.4 cd A(-1), 87.3% with a hemispherical lens) and a very low efficiency roll-off at a high luminance of similar to 6.6% at 10 000 cd m(-2) (similar to 3.8% with a hemispherical lens) by stacking two organic electroluminescence (EL) units. For the first time, we used an easily controlled and low-temperature processable charge generation layer with lithium nitride (Li3N). This simultaneously provided efficient stacking of EL units and enhanced compatibility of the flexible device on a thin plastic substrate. The flexible tandem OLEDs with a graphene anode also showed great flexibility against bending up to a bending strain of 6.7%. These results represent a significant advancement towards the production of next-generation flexible displays and solid-state lighting that use a graphene anode.</P>
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