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노영태,김은주,이현일,Margarita Saiz,Ricardo Carrion Jr,Jean L. Patterson 생화학분자생물학회 2004 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.36 No.2
In this study, Leishmania RNA virus 1-4 (LRV1-4) particles purified from host Leishmania guyanensis promastigotes were examined for capsid endoribonuclease. Temperature optimum for the endoribonulease activity was found to be at 37oC to 42oC and the activity was specifically inhibited by the aminoglycoside antibiotics, neomycin, kanamycin, and hygromycin and by 100 mM levels of NaCl or KCl. To determ ine the catalytic domain of the capsid endoribonuclease activity, three point-mutation at cysteine residues at C47S (P1), C128/ 133S (P2), and C194R (P3) were prepared and each gene was constructed into baculoviruses and expressed in Sf9 insect cells. LRV1-4 capsid Nterminus (N2 and N3) and C-terminus (C1 and C2) deletion mutants (Cadd et al., 1994) were also examined by in vitro RNA cleavage assay. The results showed that the capsid mutants; C1, C2, N3, P1, and P2 were capable of forming proper virus-like particles (VLPs) and they all possessed the specific endoribonuclease activity. However, two assembly-defective capsid mutants, N2 (Nterminus 24-amino acids deletion) and P3 mutants, did not retain the specific endoribonuclease activity. Taken together, the results suggest that at least 24 amino acids from the N-terminal region and C194 residue in LRV1-4 capsid protein are functionally important for LRV1-4 viral assembly and the capsid endoribonuclease activity may be dependent upon the properly assembled LRV1-4 virus particles.
Neural Mechanisms in Eating Behaviors: A Pilot fMRI Study of Emotional Processing
Rosa M. Molina-Ruiz,T. García-Saiz,Jeffrey C.L. Looi,E. Via Virgili,M. Rincón Zamorano,Laura de Anta Tejado,Helena Trebbau López,Jose Luis Carrasco Perera,Marina Díaz-Marsá 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.3
Objective Emotional processing dysfunction evident in eating disorders (ED) such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), is considered relevant to the development and maintenance of these disorders. The purpose of the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was to pilot a comparison of the activity of the fronto-limbic and fronto-striatal brain areas during an emotion processing task in persons with ED. Methods 24 women patients with ED were scanned, while showing emotionally stimulating (pleasant, unpleasant) and neutral images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Results During the pleasant condition, significant differences in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) activations were found with AN participants presenting greater activation compared to BN and ED comorbid groups (EDc) and healthy controls also showing greater activation of this brain area compared to BN and EDc. Left putamen was less activated in EDc compared to both controls (C) and AN. During the unpleasant condition, AN participants showed hyperactivation of the Orbito-Frontal Cortex (OFC) when compared to EDc. Conclusion This study highlights the potential functional relevance of brain areas that have been associated with self-control. These findings should help advance understanding the neural substrate of ED, though they should be considered as preliminary and be cautiously interpreted.
Kim, Kitae,Yabushita, Akihiro,Okumura, Masanori,Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso,Cuevas, Carlos A.,Blaszczak-Boxe, Christopher S.,Min, Dae Wi,Yoon, Ho-Il,Choi, Wonyong American Chemical Society 2016 Environmental science & technology Vol.50 No.3
<P>The chemistry of reactive halogens in the polar atmosphere plays important roles in ozone and mercury depletion events, oxidizing capacity, and dimethylsulfide oxidation to form cloud-condensation nuclei. Among halogen species, the sources and emission mechanisms of inorganic iodine compounds in the polar boundary layer remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the production of tri-iodide (I-3(-)) via iodide oxidation, which is negligible in aqueous solution, is significantly accelerated in frozen solution, both in the presence and the absence of solar irradiation. Field experiments carried out in the Antarctic region (King George Island, 62 degrees 13'S, 58 degrees 47'W) also showed that the generation of tri-iodide via solar photo-oxidation was enhanced when iodide was added to various ice media. The emission of gaseous I-2 from the irradiated frozen solution of iodide to the gas phase was detected by using cavity ring-down spectroscopy, which was observed both in the frozen state at 253 K and after thawing the ice at 298 K. The accelerated (photo-)oxidation of iodide and the subsequent formation of tri-iodide and I-2 in ice appear to be related with the freeze concentration of iodide and dissolved O-2 trapped in the ice crystal grain boundaries. We propose that an accelerated abiotic transformation of iodide to provides a previously unrecognized formation pathway of active iodine species in the polar atmosphere.</P>
Osteomyelitis: A Descriptive Study
Laura Prieto-Pérez,Ramón Pérez-Tanoira,Elizabet Petkova-Saiz,Concepción Pérez-Jorge,Cristina Lopez-Rodriguez,Beatriz Alvarez-Alvarez,Jorge Polo-Sabau,Jaime Esteban 대한정형외과학회 2014 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.6 No.1
Background: To analyze the incidence and clinical-microbiological characteristics of osteomyelitis (OM) in a tertiary Spanish hospital. Methods: All cases diagnosed with OM between January 2007 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The variablesexamined include epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, affected bone, radiographic changes, histology, microbiological cultureresults, antibiotic treatment, and the need for surgery. Results: Sixty-three cases of OM were diagnosed. Twenty-six patients (41.3%) had acute OM whereas 37 patients (58.7%) wereclassified as chronic OM. OM may result from haematogenous or contiguous microbial seeding. In this group, 49 patients (77.8%)presented with OM secondary to a contiguous source of infection and 14 patients had hematogenous OM (22.2%). Staphylococcusaureus was the most commonly found microorganism. Conclusions: OM mainly affected patients with risk factors related to the presence of vascular diseases. Antibiotic treatmentmust be guided by susceptibility patterns of individual microorganisms, although it must be performed together with surgery inmost of the cases.
Prognostic role of genetic biomarkers in clinical progression of prostate cancer
Maria Jesus Alvarez-Cubero,Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez,Maria Saiz,Pedro Carmona-Saez,Juan Carlos Alvarez,Manrique Pascual-Geler,Jose Antonio Lorente,Jose Manuel Cozar 생화학분자생물학회 2015 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.47 No.-
The aim of this study was to analyze the use of 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes ELAC2, RNASEL and MSR1 as biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) detection and progression, as well as perform a genetic classification of high-risk patients. A cohort of 451 men (235 patients and 216 controls) was studied. We calculated means of regression analysis using clinical values (stage, prostate-specific antigen, Gleason score and progression) in patients and controls at the basal stage and after a follow-up of 72 months. Significantly different allele frequencies between patients and controls were observed for rs1904577 and rs918 (MSR1 gene) and for rs17552022 and rs5030739 (ELAC2). We found evidence of increased risk for PCa in rs486907 and rs2127565 in variants AA and CC, respectively. In addition, rs627928 (TT–GT), rs486907 (AG) and rs3747531 (CG–CC) were associated with low tumor aggressiveness. Some had a weak linkage, such as rs1904577 and rs2127565, rs4792311 and rs17552022, and rs1904577 and rs918. Our study provides the proof-of-principle that some of the genetic variants (such as rs486907, rs627928 and rs2127565) in genes RNASEL, MSR1 and ELAC2 can be used as predictors of aggressiveness and progression of PCa. In the future, clinical use of these biomarkers, in combination with current ones, could potentially reduce the rate of unnecessary biopsies and specific treatments.
Neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: Seeing differences through optical coherence tomography
Bennett, JL,de Seze, J,Lana-Peixoto, M,Palace, J,Waldman, A,Schippling, S,Tenembaum, S,Banwell, B,Greenberg, B,Levy, M,Fujihara, K,Chan, KH,Kim, HJ,Asgari, N,Sato, DK,Saiz, A,Wuerfel, J,Zimmermann, H SAGE Publications 2015 Multiple sclerosis journal: clinical and laborator Vol.21 No.6
<P>Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that preferentially targets the optic nerves and spinal cord. The clinical presentation may suggest multiple sclerosis (MS), but a highly specific serum autoantibody against the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 present in up to 80% of NMO patients enables distinction from MS. Optic neuritis may occur in either condition resulting in neuro-anatomical retinal changes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a useful tool for analyzing retinal damage both in MS and NMO. Numerous studies showed that optic neuritis in NMO typically results in more severe retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer thinning and more frequent development of microcystic macular edema than in MS. Furthermore, while patients’ RNFL thinning also occurs in the absence of optic neuritis in MS, subclinical damage seems to be rare in NMO. Thus, OCT might be useful in differentiating NMO from MS and serve as an outcome parameter in clinical studies.</P>