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Genetic Relationship in Chicken Breeds Using Molecular Co-ancestry Information
Ahlawat, S.P.S.,Vijh, R.K.,Mishra, Bina,Kumar, S.T. Bharani,Tantia, M.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.1
Five chicken populations viz. Chittagong, Ghagus, Kalasthi, Kadaknath, Tellichery were genotyped using 25 highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. White leg horn was taken as an outgroup. To reveal the relationship and distinctiveness among five indigenous breeds various genetic distances based on molecular co-ancestry were estimated and multidimensional scaling was performed. The Ghagus and Kalasthi breeds were closely related and their separation was recent, whereas Chittagong had a remote ancestry with other indigenous chicken populations.
Behl, Rahul,Behl, Jyotsna,Gupta, Neelam,Gupta, S.C.,Ahlawat, S.P.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.1
The capability of microsatellite markers for individual identification and their potential for breed assignment of individuals was evaluated in two Indian horse breeds. The strength of these individual assignment methods was also evaluated by increasing the number of loci in increments of five. The probability of identity of two random horses from the two breeds at all twenty five studied loci was as low as $1.08{\times}10^{-32}$ showing their suitability to distinguish between individual horses and their products. In the phylogenetic approach for individual assignment using Nei's genetic distances, 10.81% of horses associated with breed other than the major cluster of the source breed horses when all twenty five microsatellite loci were implemented. Similar results were obtained when the maximum likelihood approach for individual assignment was used. Based on these results it is proposed that, although microsatellite markers may prove very useful for individual identification, their utility for breed assignment of horses needs further evaluation.
Genetic Variability and Bottleneck Analysis of Jakhrana Goats by Microsatellite DNA Fingerprinting
Dinesh Kumar,A. K. Pandey,S. P. S. Ahlawat,Geetu Malik,Rekha Sharma,Digpal Singh Gour,S. P. Dixit,N. K. Verma,R. A. K. Aggarwal,Neelam Gupta,B. N. Shahi,S. C. Gupta 한국유전학회 2005 Genes & Genomics Vol.27 No.3
Diversity Assessment of Bachaur Cattle from India: A Draft Breed Still Relevant in Mechanized Era
Rekha Sharma,A. K. Pandey,S. C. P. Singh,Y. Singh,B. P. Mishra,S. R. Singh,K. G. Mandal,P. K. Singh,G. Singh,S. P. S. Ahlawat 한국유전학회 2007 Genes & Genomics Vol.29 No.3
Genetic diversity of Bachaur cattle- a draft breed of India bordering Nepal, was investigated by utilizing microsatellite markers. Forty seven random animals of the breed were typed with a set of 23 microsatellites proposed by the FAO for the biodiversities studies. All the microsatellites amplified well and exhibited polymorphism. The observed number of alleles (No) per locus varied from 3 (ILSTS011) to 13 (ILSTS034) with the mean number of alleles 6.30 ± 2.16. Our results showed that this draft breed which is still relevant in its breeding tract due to socio-economic conditions possesses sufficient genetic variability as demonstrated by the values for the expected and observed mean heterozygosity (0.694 and 0.534, respectively). Twelve microsa.tellite loci are in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium and FIS shows higher value (0.228), suggesting heterozygote deficiency in the population. The results reflect the need for a conservation plan for this breed.
Genetic Trend for Growth in a Closed Indian Herd of Landrace × Desi Crossbreds
Gaur, G.K.,Ahlawat, S.P.S.,Chhabra, A.K.,Paul, Satya Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1998 Animal Bioscience Vol.11 No.4
This study has objectives of to estimate the genetic and phenotypic trend for growth in a closed herd of Landrace $\times$ desi crossbreds. The possibility of early selection of boars was also investigated in order to reduce generation interval and thus, to enhance response per year in selection programmes. The data originated from Livestock Production Research (Pigs), Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar (UP), India - a unit of All India Coordinated research Project on Pigs (AICRP on Pigs). Data consisted of 891 crossbred piglets, progeny of 29 boars. The piglets were born in 132 parities of 72 sows between 8 years from 1987 to 1994. Records on weight at birth, at 2 weeks interval upto 8 weeks of age (Wl, W2, ${\cdots}\;{\cdots}$ W8) and at 16th week (W16) were used in this investigation. BLLTP estimates of the sires were computed. Breeding value of each sire was estimated as twice of sire and sire group solutions. Phenotypic trend was estimated as regression of weight performance on year. Genetic trend was computed by estimating regression of breeding value of sires on time. Average body weights ranged from 0.92 kg (W1) to 18.95 kg (W16) and showed a continuous increase over age. Heritabilities of the weight at 4th and 6th week were medium (0.29 and 0.14). Rest of the weights were highly heritable. The product moment and rank, both correlations were high between breeding value for W6 and W16 (0.68 and 0.70). This shows that sire selection for W6 can be successfully implemented in order to achieve sufficient genetic improvement in growth. Phenotypic trend was positive at all ages. The phenotypic regression coefficient ranged from 0.02 kg at birth to 0.40 kg at 16 weeks. Genetic trend was also positive. The regression coefficients of average breeding value of sires on time showed a range of 1.471 kg (0.021 to 1.492 kg) for different weights. These coefficients were significant and higher than their corresponding phenotypic regression coefficient.
Evaluation of Genetic Variability in Kenkatha Cattle by Microsatellite Markers
Pandey, A.K.,Sharma, Rekha,Singh, Yatender,Prakash, B.,Ahlawat, S.P.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.12
Kenkatha cattle, a draft purpose breed, which can survive in a harsh environment on low quality forage, was explored genetically exploiting FAO-suggested microsatellite markers. The microsatellite genotypes were derived by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by electrophoretic separation in agarose gels. The PCR amplicons were visualized by silver staining. The allelic as well as genotypic frequencies, heterozygosities and gene diversity were estimated using standard techniques. A total of 125 alleles was distinguished by the 21 microsatellite markers investigated. All the microsatellites were highly polymorphic with mean allelic number of 5.95${\pm}$1.9 (ranging from 3-10 per locus). The observed heterozygosity in the population ranged between 0.250 and 0.826 with a mean of 0.540${\pm}$0.171, signifying considerable genetic variation. Bottleneck was examined assuming all three mutation models which showed that the population has not experienced bottleneck in recent past. The population displayed a heterozygote deficit of 21.4%. The study suggests that the breed needs to be conserved by providing purebred animals in the breeding tract.