Fowler-Nordheim 터널링 전자주입에 의한 질화 게이트 산화막의 특성 분석

張聖洙,文成根,盧官鍾,盧用翰,李七基 성균관대학교 1998 학술회의지원논문목록집 Vol.1998 No.-

금속-산화막-반도체 전계효과 소자에서 차세대 게이트, 산화막으로 연구되고 있는 질화산화막을 N_(2)O 가스를 사용하여 2-단계 공정으로 성장하였으며, FNT 전자 주입을 이용하여 전기적 특성을 분석하였다. 열산화막을 질화시킬 경우 절연파괴 특성에서 질화전의 산화막 보다 신뢰성이 향상되었다. 또한, 질화산화막은 게이트 전자주입이 기판 전자주입보다 고열전자에 의한 열화에 좀 더 취약하였으며, 90~130A˚범위에서 두꺼운 질화산화막 일수록 쉽게 열화되는 경향을 확인하였다. 질화산화막의 게이트 전압의 극성 의존성 및 두께에 따른 열화의 차이를 설명하기 위한 모델을 제시하였다. Nitrided oxides which have been investigated as alternative gate oxide for Metal-Oxide- Semiconductor field effect devices were grown by two-step process using N_(2)O gas, and were characterized via a Fowler-Nordheim Tunneling(FNT) electron injection technique. Electrical characteristics or nitrided gate oxides were superior to that of control oxides. Further, the FNT electron injection into the nitrided gate oxides reveals that gate oxides degrade more both if electrons were forced to inject from the gate metal and if thicker nitrided gate oxides were used in the thickness range of 90-130A˚. Models are suggested to explain these phenomena.

APDC 모델에 따른 도서출판 현실과 미래에 관한 연구

노병성(Roh Byung-Sung) 한국출판학회 2005 한국출판학연구 Vol.0 No.48

본 연구는 현재 한국 출판산업을 점검할 수 있는 모델개발에 일차적인 연구목적을 두고 있으며, 개발된 모델을 통해 한국 출판산업의 현 상황을 점검하고 미래에 대한 예측적 관점을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이러한 목적 하에 본 연구의 구체적인 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우리의 도서출판환경을 적절하게 분석할 수 있는 모델은 무엇인가? 둘째, 이러한 분석 모델을 통해 현재 우리의 출판산업의 현황은 어떠한가? 셋째, 모델을 통해 본 우리의 출판산업의 미래는 어떠한가? 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 지금까지 개발된 출판산업의 모델들을 비판적 관점에서 고찰하여, 우리의 실정에 적합한 모델을 개발하였다. 이를 바탕으로 한국 도서출판환경을 진단하고 아울러 미래에 대한 조심스런 제언을 하고 있다. 본 연구에서 개발된 모델은 'APDC 모델'이라 명명되었다. 이 모델의 주요 구성요인은 저자, 출판사, 유통, 소비자, 정부정책, 사회문화경제적 환경이다. 저자는 디지털 환경 아래서 점차 개념의 변화가 발생하고 있다. 출판사는 대형화와 소형화의 양극화가 진행 중이며, 향후 CP로의 전환 가능성을 배제할 수 없는 상황이다. 유통 부문은 가상서점의 활성화, 위탁판매의 감소, 정보화 등이 진행될 것으로 보이며, 유통문제의 해결책으로 RFID의 도입 등이 필요한 것으로 보인다. 소비자는 전통적인 독자의 개념에서 탈피하여, 도서구매 패턴, 독서패턴 등의 변화가 예상된다. 정부의 정책은 가격정책 등을 통해 출판산업에 막대한 영향을 미치고 있는바, 이에 관련된 각종 관련법규를 디지털 시대에 맞게 조정해야 할 필요성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 향후 가칭 국가도서출판위원회 등을 설치하여 출판산업의 진흥을 도모할 필요성이 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 사회문화경제적 환경에서는 독서운동의 본격화가 제기되었으며, 공공도서관 정책의 내실화가 필요한 것으로 지적되었다. 본 연구는 모델제시와 아울러 현실점검과 미래에 대한 전망 등 거시적 관점을 주로 다룬 관계로 보다 상세한 분석을 결하고 있는 한계점을 가지고 있다. 그러나 APDC 모델은 향후 출판산업을 분석하는데 유용한 도구로서 활용될 수 있는 것으로 사료되어 이에 대한 후속 연구를 기대해 본다. Korea society has a new media environment in 2000's. In 2005, DMB, IPTV has introduced to general audience, so user can watch digital multimedia broadcasting through cell-phone or other instrument. In this situation, it is very doubtful wether the book industry can survive or not. This is a starting point of study. Firstly, the aim of this study is build a new model of book industry and secondly examine the present and future of book industry depend on them. In this study, Roh's APDC Model will be introduced which is the frame of book industry. APDC Model is presented in figure1. In an aspect of author, there are many writers because of internet. But they are almost amateur. Digital technology changed the concept of author and blurred sender and reader. Book Industry(Publisher) is composed two groups, in other words, megers and small company. As Coser and Roh pointed such a phenomenon, the book industry divided two groups more deeply. Distribution systems in Korea are complex and in a situation of change, because of internet service. There are many problems in book logistics, but it will be solved if we develope RFID system. Now traditional readers are no longer a reader. They read a text through the internet, so they are user. The government policy has a radical power, especially in area of price. Korean book market has a retail price maintenance system, but this system has a many problems, so the government must revise the law. Media education must be emphasized in an aspect of social, culture environment. In the future, the digital technology will transform the concept of hypertext into hyper-view. Nobody knows the future of book industry at that time.

왜 이웃의 외국인은 범죄두려움을 불러일으킬까?: 외국인근접성 인식이 범죄위험 인식에 미치는 영향

노성훈 ( Sung Hoon Roh ),조준택 ( Joontag Cho ) 대한범죄학회 2014 한국범죄학 Vol.8 No.2

Given the ongoing growth in the population of foreigners in Korea during the last decades, it is quite surprising that few research has been conducted on the influence of foreigners` influx upon Koreans` perception of safety. Fortunately, a recent study conducted by Roh(2013) analyzed the impact of increased foreigners on fear of crime focusing on group threat theory. Despite the significant contribution to the academic realm that had been somewhat neglected, his study, mainly due to the limitations in the analysis model, could not sufficiently account for the causal linkage between the population of foreigners in the neighborhood and fear crime. Using the data from Roh`s study(2013), we examined the mediating effect of community factors and perceived group threat upon the association between perceived adjacency from foreigners and perceived risk of crime. In addition, the moderating effect of perceived social distance upon the causal linkage was investigated. The results from structural equation modeling analysis showed that there was no direct impact of perceived adjacency from forefingers upon perceived risk of crime. Instead, perceived community disorder was found to serve as a complete mediator. Respondents who recognized more foreigners in their neighborhoods were more likely to perceive a higher level of disorder, which increased perceived risk of crime. In contrast, collective efficacy decreased perceived risk of crime at a significant level without being influenced by foreigners` population in the neighborhood. Perceived group threat was positively associated by the perceived size of foreigners but was not related to perceived risk of crime. Finally, no moderating effect was found by perceived social distance upon the relationship between adjacency from foreigners and perceived risk of crime.

지하 무선 CDMA 망의 전파 측정 및 Micro BTS의 성능 분석

안호중,노재성,조성언,조성준 한국항공대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.36 No.-

지하 무선망에서 CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)시스템의 용량과 품질은 다중 사용자 간섭과 임펄스성 간섭의 영향을 받는다. 그러므로 CDMA 시스템에서는 간섭을 최소화하려는 연구가 필요하다. 최근에는 서비스 영역을 확대하기 위한 방법으로 지하 공간 또는 음영 지역에서 LCX(Leakage Coaxial Cable)가 이용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 지하 무선 CDMA 망의 전파의 세기를 측정하였다. 그리고 측정된 결과를 이용하여 이론적인 Micro BTS의 성능을 분석하였다. 이론적인 BER 해석을 위하여 지하 무선 CDMA 망의 임펄스성 간섭 모델을 제안하고, 측정된 파라미터 값을 이용하여 Micro BTS의 BER 성능을 구하였다. 측정 결과, 지하철이 없을 경우보다 지하철이 운행함에 따라서 임펄스성 간섭이 중대됨을 알 수 있었으며, 단방향 운행보다 양방향 운행에서 임펄스성 간섭이 더욱 증가하였다. 수치 계산을 통하여 임펄스성 간섭의 발생 시간율과 다중 사용자 수에 따라 Micro BTS의 BER 성능이 주로 열화됨을 알 수 있었다. The capacity and quality of CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) system are affected by multi user interference and impulsive interference in the underground wireless network. Therefore, it is essential to minimize the interference in CDMA system. Recently, LCX (Leaxial Cable) is used to expand service area in the underground area or shadow region. In this paper, the propagation of underground wireless CDMA network is measured. And then, using the measured data the theoretical performance of Micro BTS(Base Transmitter Station) is analyzed. For theoretical BER analysis, the impulsive interference model in the underground wireless CDMA network is proposed and the BER performance of Micro BTS is obtained by using the measured data. From the measurement results, it is found that the impulsive interference increases in the presence of passing train than the absence of passing train. Also, it is known that more interference appears in the presence of crossing two way train than in the presence of passing one way directional train. From the numerical results, the BER performance of Micro BTS is to be mainly degraded by the occurrence rate of impulsive interference and the number of multiple users.

염색폐수 처리를 위한 부상공정에서 아민투여량과 pH의 영향

노성희,차종희,김선일 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 2006 生産技術硏究 Vol.28 No.2

The removal of colours from aqueous solution and dispersions has been studied by dispersed-air flotation, in a semi-batch column. Two colours were used for the experiments: Basic Yellow 28 (basic) and Direct Orange 31 (basic). All two were effectively removed by flotation within 8 min. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium oleate and amines were found to be effective as collectors in the removal of colour, which was found to be related to the pH of the solution and the amount of collector added to it with high collector dosages causing the process to become pH-independent.

기간의 정함이 있는 근로계약과 해고법리

노상헌 한국노동법학회 2003 노동법학 Vol.0 No.16

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current legal problems relating to expiry of a fixed term employment contract without renewal. The question is how to define and evaluate the fact to be related to expiry of a fixed term employment contract without renewal. The reason for this is that we have regulation of dismissal procedures. A contract of employment of definite period is not restricted except that the period may not exceed one year. Therefore some problems should be solved by revising legal provisions. However two alternative views have been canvassed. One view is that a fixed term employment contract makes the worker"s position precarious and therefore should be forbidden unless there are certain grounds requiring it. The other view is that new legal provisions should have aims as an anti-avoidance device to prevent employers engaging employees on succession of short fixed term employment contracts. I shall briefly summarize my conclusion. The new legal regulations should be drafted include the follow intentions; (1) a normal contract of employment with most of the feature of contract of employment for an indeterminate duration; (2) prevention of dispute about expiry of a fixed term contract without renewal; (3) equal treatment principle for temporary workers (worker for short fixed term employment contracts).

미국 노인복지에 관한 연구

노상완 한양대학교 2006 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.26 No.1

As we study the authority and role of the local self-governing body in a point of view of "Localization" which is the important issue of the current Korean social & political system, it is so meaningful to survey the authority and role of the local self-governing body in USA because it is very actively operated in comparison with any other countries. This is the same case in the part of the welfare of the aged. Therefore, it is both the foreseeing task of the advanced Korea running the "Internationalization Age" and the current task of Korean political society pursuing "Localization Age" to study the welfare of the aged in USA. For this purpose, I will survey herein the various welfare systems for the aged in USA. The welfare of the aged in USA is remarkable in that the federal government manages mainly the general budget and the local self-governing body takes part in the service system which is proper for the real circumstance of the area and also it achieves the purpose of "the satisfaction of the minimal basic wants" to a certain extent. However, it is preparing the satisfaction for the upper wants satisfying for the material and physiological wants at the minimal standard. It is somewhat different from Korea in that it has interest mainly in solving the problems of the housing service, the long-term care service, the mistreatment and the abandonment and in securing the rights of the aged. So I think it is keenly needed to adjust the policy considering differential service providing and dole supplying as target groups by the income, the age, and the disease in planning the enlargement of welfare facilities and services.

20~30대 남성 소비자의 의복구매행동수준에 따른 쇼핑성향과 정보원 활용에 관한 연구

노현지,정성지 동덕여자대학교 디자인연구소 2004 디자인포럼21 Vol.7 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 20~30대 남성 소비자들의 쇼핑성향과 의복 구매시 정보원을 유형화하고 의복구매행동 수준에 따른 집단간 쇼핑성향과 의복 구매시 정보원활용의 차이에 대해 알아본다. 20~30대 남성 449명을 대상으로 설문지를 통하여 자료를 수집하였으며, 자료 분석 방법으로는 SAS패키지를 이용하였고, 요인분석, 평균값, 빈도분포, 백분율, ANOVA, 던컨의 다중범위검증을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 20~30대 남성 소비자들의 의복 쇼핑성향과 정보원 활용을 유형화한 결과 즐거움추구쇼핑성향, 사회적 지위추구 쇼핑성향, 충성적 추구 쇼핑성향, 유행추구쇼핑성향, 경제추구 쇼핑성향으로 5가지 차원으로 구성되었다. 정보원은 상업적 정보원, 대인적 정보원, 경험적 정보원으로 3가지요인으로 구성되었다. 둘째, 의복구매행동 수준 변인에 따른 쇼핑성향에서 필요할 때마다 수시로 의복을 구입하는 집단이 즐거움추구쇼핑성향, 사회적 지위추구 쇼핑성향과 유행추구쇼핑성향이 높았고, 충성적 추구 쇼핑성향이 높은 집단은 대부분 계획구매를 통해서 의복을 쇼핑하는 것을 알 수 있다. 의류 구입시 걸리는 평균시간이 긴 집단은 즐거움 추구 성향과 유행추구 쇼핑성향, 경제추구성향이 높았다. 셋째, 의복구매행동 수준 변인에 따른 집단간 정보원 활용에서 의복구매 빈도가 높은 집단은 경험적 정보원을, 의류구입비용이 많은 집단은 상업적 정보원과 경험적 정보원을 많이 활용하였고, 구매 장소로는 백화점과 패션전문점을 이용하는 집단이 경험적 정보원을 많이 활용한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of the study was to explore differences in shopping orientations and utilization of information source among groups of male consumers aged between 20 and 39 according to level of clothing consumer behavior. As an instrument, a questionnaire was used, the questionnaire was developed by the researchers, For the data analysis, frequency, Cronbach's α, factor analysis. ANOVA, and Duncan's test were used. The results of the study were as follows. First, shopping orientation were classified into 5 factors and information sources were classified into 3 factors. Second, there were significant differences in shopping orientations among groups according to consumers' characteristics and level of clothing consumer behavior. Third, there were significant differences in utilization of information sources among groups according to consumers' characteristics and level of clothing consumer behavior.

실내 온열환경 해석에 의한 자연환기 시스템의 성능평가

魯志雄,李聲元 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術 Vol.12 No.-

This study is to analyze the performance of a radiation-panel cooling system by means of CFD. In the first step of this study, the indoor thermal environment of the office space, which is air-conditioned by radiation-panel cooling system, is analyzed by field measurement and CFD (coupled simulation of convection and radiation). With comparing the both results, the validity of the CFD method is examined from the practical point of view. In the next step, the thermal environment of the model office space, which is cooled by tree types of HVAC system (radiation-panel cooling system, all-air cooling system, and hybrid air-cooling system of radiation-panel and natural ventilation), is analyzed by CFD. By installing a human model in the room model, the characteristics of heat transfer from human are also analyzed. In the case of the radiation-panel cooling system, operative temperature and MRT(Mean Radiation Temperature) of the human model become lower than those in all-air cooling system. The radiation-panel cooling system is concluded as very energy-efficient in this study.

냄새제거용 첨착활성탄 개발에 관한 연구

노성희,차진명,김선일 한국공업화학회 2005 응용화학 Vol.9 No.1

In this study, we developed impregnated activated carbon manufacturing process, and investigated the possibility of using coconut as a activated carbon for odor removal. Among the five collectors, KCI, NaOH, Ki, HNO₃, and H₂SO₄, that were added to the adsorption process for the odor removal of H₂S and NH₃, the treatment with H₂SO₄ showed the best result having the adsorption quantity of 4.6 mg/g.