Characterizing affinity epitopes between prion protein and b-amyloid using an epitope mapping immunoassay

Mino Kang,Su Yeon Kim,안성수,Young Ran JU3 생화학분자생물학회 2013 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.45 No.8

Cellular prion protein, a membrane protein, is expressed in all mammals. Prion protein is also found in human blood as an anchorless protein, and this protein form is one of the many potential sources of misfolded prion protein replication during transmission. Many studies have suggested that b-amyloid1–42 oligomer causes neurotoxicity associated with Alzheimer’s disease, which is mediated by the prion protein that acts as a receptor and regulates the hippocampal potentiation. The prevention of the binding of these proteins has been proposed as a possible preventative treatment for Alzheimer’s disease;therefore, a greater understanding of the binding hot-spots between the two molecules is necessary. In this study, the epitope mapping immunoassay was employed to characterize binding epitopes within the prion protein and complementary epitopes in b-amyloid. Residues 23–39 and 93–119 in the prion protein were involved in binding to b-amyloid1–40 and 1–42, and monomers of this protein interacted with prion protein residues 93–113 and 123–166. Furthermore, b-amyloid antibodies against the C-terminus detected bound b-amyloid1–42 at residues 23–40, 104–122 and 159–175. b-Amyloid epitopes necessary for the interaction with prion protein were not determined. In conclusion, charged clusters and hydrophobic regions of the prion protein were involved in binding to b-amyloid1–40 and 1–42. The 3D structure appears to be necessary for b-amyloid to interact with prion protein. In the future, these binding sites may be utilized for 3D structure modeling, as well as for the pharmaceutical intervention of Alzheimer’s disease.

일자리 참여 프로그램이 노인의 자아존중감과 생활만족도에 미치는 영향

민순 ( Soon Min ),주리애 ( Ree Aie Ju ),정현필 ( Hyon Pil Jung ),정영주 ( Young Ju Jung ),김미란 ( Mi Ran Kim ),김윤경 ( Yun Gyung Kim ) 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2008 동서간호학연구지 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 G시 D복지관에 있는 60세 이상 된 노인 70명을 대상으로 일자리 참여 프로그램이 노인들의 자아존중감과 생활만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 한다. 단일군 전후 원시실험설계로 노인들의 대조군이 없는 현실적인 문제를 갖고 있어 비교할 수 없는 제한점을 갖고 있지만 노인들에게 일자리를 참여시키므로 그들을 돕는데 의미를 두고 있으며, 본 프로그램에서 얻어진 결과를 토대로 논의하고자 한다. 일자리 프로그램에 참여하기 전 자아인식의 평균이 참여 전3.31에서 참여 후 3.50으로, 자아가치는 참여 전 평균이 3.04에서 참여 후 3.46으로, 자아존중 정도도 참여 전 평균 3.31에 참여 후 3.48로 모두 유의하게 향상되었다. 이는 저소득 노인의 자아존중감이 낮다는 Shim (2005)의 연구결과와 일치했고, 월 사용 지출액에 따라 자아존중감이 차이가 있다는 Kim2003)의 연구 결과와 월수입이 많은 사람 즉 경제적으로 나은사람이 자아존중감이 높다는 Kim (2002)의 연구 결과 및 일자프로그램 참여를 여가활동으로 여겨 이에 참여하는 사람이참여하지 않는 경우보다 자아존중감이 높다고 한 Kim (2007)연구 결과와도 유사한 결과를 보였다. 노인에게 자아존중감은 정신건강을 결정짓는데 중요한 요소로, 자아존중감은 노인의 우울과 역상관관계가 있는데(Park,1993), 본 연구에서 노인들이 일자리에 참여하므로 자존감 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 바, 이는 노후에노인 대상자들에게 여가활동과 소정의 수익을 통해 용돈이나기초생활에 필요한 경비를 조달받게 된 것이 자아존중감을 높인 것으로 사료된다.그러므로, 본 연구에서도 일자리 참여 프로그램이 노인들의 자아존중감을 향상시키는 점을 볼 때, 노인의 일자리 참여는 자신들의 소득을 확보하려는 경제적인 측면뿐 아니라 사회참여의 욕구도 포함하고 있어 노인에게 일자리 참여는 매우 중요한 의미를 지니고 있고, 소일거리와 여가선용 차원에서도 노인에게 일자리 참여의 기회를 제공해주는 것은 노후의 경제적인 자립생활은 물론 사회적으로도 바람직한 방안이라 할 수 있어 일을 통해 보람도 얻고, 단체 활동을 통한 소속감을 가지고 경제활동도 할 수 있는 방안도 모색해야 할 것이다.일자리 참여 프로그램 전과 후의 생활만족도의 변화에서, 일자리 프로그램에 참여하기 전 평균 3.04점이었고, 일자리 프로그램에 참여한 후 평균 3.24점으로 유의하게 향상하였는데, 이는 일자리 참여자와 비참여자들을 비교 연구한 Kim (2007)과Seo (2007)의 연구 결과와 일치하였고, 시니어클럽에 참여하고 있는 노인이 참여하지 않고 있는 노인보다 생활만족도가 유의하게 높게 나타난 Bang (2005)의 연구 결과와도 일치하였다.노인들의 생활만족도에 관한 선행연구를 고찰한 결과 노인의 생활만족도는 배우자가 있는 경우, 주관적 건강상태가 좋을수록, 경제수준이 높을수록, 교육정도가 높을수록 생활만족도가 높다고 보고되고 있으며, 노인의 사회적 지지나 자아존중감이 높을수록 생활만족도가 높다고 하였다(Jang, 2006; Kim,2005; Park & Lee, 2006).노인들이 일자리 프로그램에 참여하므로 생활만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 바, 이는 노인대상자들에게일자리를 통해 심리적, 경제적 여건에 도움이 된 것으로 여겨지며, 이로 인해 생활만족 정도를 높인 것으로 사료된다. 노후의시간활용 방법에 대한 2004 전국 노인생활실태 및 복지욕구조사 결과에서 가장 선호되는 것이 소득창출 27.8%, 취미활동16.3%, 소일거리 14.5%, 자원봉상활동 3.1%, 자아계발 활동2.4%로 나타났다(Jung et al, 2005). 그러나 노인의 일자리 참여는 여러 가지 문제에 봉착하게 된다. 우선 노인시장에 유입되는 신규 노동력의 과잉과 기업의 인사정체, 그리고 노인취업에 대한 잘못된 인식으로서 기능주의적 사회격리이론은 인간의 노화를 기능주의적으로 이해하려는 사회적 편견인데 노인이 반드시 체계적, 생물학적으로 또는 정신적으로 결함이 있다는 편견으로 인해 노인인력 활용가능성을 근본적으로 저해하는 요인이 된다(Jung, 2007). 또한 본 연구 대상자들에게 연구일자리 프로그램 유형에 따른 생활만족도와 자아존중감 정도를 분석한 결과에서는 유의하지 않았는데 노인들에게 일자리 참여 자체가 생활만족과 자아존중감 정도에 영향을 주는 것이지 유형별로는 큰 의미가 있는 것은 아닌 것으로 보인다. 본 연구 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 어떤 형태이든 간의 노인의 일자리 참여는 고령화 사회에서 나타나는 심각한 노인문제를 해결하고 노후 생활에 대한 적응력을 높이며, 노년기의 역할변화에 따른 적절한 대응을 통해 역할상실에 대한 대비를 할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 노인 스스로의 자아존중감과 생활만족도 향상을 위해 필요하다. Purpose: The effects of job participation on self-esteem and life satisfaction were investigated. Methods: Seventy residents of D welfare center located in G city who were >60 yr-of-age were selected for the study. The SERS research tool (Nugent and Thomas,1993; modified by Koh, 2002) was used to assess self-esteem before and after a job participation program. The Cronbach`s αvalue-based reliability of this tool was 0.923 and 0.920 before and after the job participation program, respectively. Cronbach`s αvalue-based life satisfaction as measured according to Choi (1986) was 0.932 and 0.933 before and after the job participation program, respectively. Results: The hypothesis that job participation program increases self esteem was supported by the results. The mean self esteem of subjects before and after the job program, 3.31 and 3.48, respectively, represented a significant increase. The hypothesis that the job participation program increases life satisfaction was supported by the results, The mean life satisfaction index of subjects before and after the program, 3.04 and 3.24, respectively, represents a significant increase. Conclusions: Increased job opportunities and income guarantee for adults, particularly the elderly, can increase self-esteem, life satisfaction, and emotional stability.

노인 당뇨병환자의 운동수행에 영향을 미치는 요인

박인순(In-soon Park),김창숙(Chang-sook Kim),김란(Ran Kim),김영재(Young-jae Kim),박명희(Myung-hee Park),정영주(Young-ju Jung) 대한환경위생공학회 2009 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the Exercise Performance of elderly patients with diabetes. The subjects were 153 elderly patients with diabetes who were selected from the public health center in Gwang ju. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression. This study found that approximately 52.9% of the subjects were exercising regulary. Exercise performance was significantly different according to education level, family income by month, and level of diabetes education. Significant factors influencing exercise performance were exercise self-efficacy, exercise social support and exercise benefits. The most powerful predictor of exercise performance was exercise self-efficacy(34.2%). This study suggests that nurses should emphasize exercise social support. and exercise benefits as well as reinforce exercise self-efficacy to improve exercise performance of the elderly patients with diabetes.

Current status of Nutritional Supports in Intensive Care Patients: Korean Multicenter Study

( Ju Young Choi ),( Seong Eun Kim ),( Eun Ran Kim ),( Jong Pil Im ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Hyun Joo Jang ),( Ja Seol Koo ),( Geun Am Song ),( Soo Jung Park ),( Seong Ran Jeon ),( Dong Kyung Chang ) 한국정맥경장영양학회 2015 한국정맥경장영양학회 학술대회집 Vol.2015 No.-

Background: The importance of nutrition support in the intensive care unit (ICU) is supported by current and emerging evidences. We examined the current practice for nutrition support in the critical care settings in Korean tertiary teaching hospitals. Methods: We enrolled the patients with mechanical ventilation for 7 or more days in ICU during the same period in 9 Korean tertiary institutes. The patients with gastrointestinal problems were excluded. Medical records were reviewed for assessing nutritional status and clinical outcomes according to disease severity using the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II). Energy supplies of ≥80 % of daily requirement during less than the half of the ICU stay was considered as a seriously inadequate intake. Results: A total of 120 individuals were enrolled. Parenteral nutrition (PN) or enteral nutrition (EN) started at 2.0±0.4 days after admission. 27.2% of patients received PN only, 68.7% received combined EN and PN. On days 7, the mean percentage of calorie and protein intake to estimated requirements was 89.6±42.7% and 69.5±43.8%. Depending on the definition used, the prevalence of patients with seriously inadequate intake was 52.3% and mortality of the patients was reported to be 55.4%. Disease exacerbation was significantly more frequent in the patients with seriously inadequate intake (p=0.030). However, duration of ICU admission, duration of mechanical ventilator, and mortality didn`t differ by calorie intake groups. Especially in patients with high APACHE II score (greater than or equal to 20), there was a significantly increased incidence of sepsis in patients whose energy intake was below 80% of daily requirements by 7th day, compared with enough nourished patients (48.4% vs. 19.2%, P=0.028). Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition is high in tertiary hospital ICU patients than expected. Adequate intakes of energy appear to be associated with good prognosis in critically ill patients on ventilatiors.

Immune Dysregulation in Chronic Stress: A Quantitative and Functional Assessment of Regulatory T Cells

Kim, Hyung-Ran,Moon, Sohyeon,Lee, Hyeon Kook,Kang, Jihee Lee,Oh, Seikwan,Seoh, Ju-Young S. Karger AG 2012 Neuroimmunomodulation Vol.19 No.3

<P><I>Objective:</I> Chronic stress is closely related to immune dysfunction. Immune parameters have been analyzed in many ways in humans and animals under chronic stress. Recently, it has been proved that FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in immune regulation in vivo. However, it has not yet been elucidated how Tregs respond to chronic stress in vivo. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the frequency of and functional changes in Tregs from mice under chronic stress. <I>Methods:</I> Spleen cells were separated from C57/BL6 mice that had been exposed to immobilization stress for 3 weeks. The frequencies of FoxP3+ and CD4+ CD25+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. CD4+CD25- cells (effector T cells, Teffs), CD4+CD25+ cells (Tregs) and CD4- cells (antigen-presenting cells, APCs) were separated for the functional assessment of the proliferative activity of Teffs, the suppressive activity of Tregs and the feeder activity of APCs. <I>Results:</I> The results showed that chronic immobilization stress significantly increased the frequencies of CD4+CD25+ and CD4+FoxP3+ cells. Chronic immobilization stress also enhanced the suppressive function of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs. On the other hand, the proliferative activity of Teffs and the feeder activity of APCs were decreased in the mice under chronic immobilization stress. <I>Conclusion:</I> Taken together, it is suggested that increased number and function of Tregs may actively contribute to the immune dysfunction in chronic immobilization stress, synergizing with the decreased function of Teffs and APCs.</P><P>Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Analysis of Avenanthramides from Callus Extracts of Avena sativa L.

Ju Hee Kim(김주희),Hyeon Hwa Cho(조현화),Simiyu David Charles,Yu Young Lee(이유영),Ok Ran Lee(이옥란) 한국약용작물학회 2020 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.1

Compressive Properties of High Strength Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Different Fiber Volume Fractions

Kim, Hye Ran,Han, Seung Ju,Yun, Hyun Do Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2013 Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol.372 No.-

<P>This paper describes the experimental results of 70 MPa high strength steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) with different steel fiber volume fractions in compression. The effect of steel fiber on fresh properties, compressive strength, toughness index, cracking procedure of high strength steel fiber concrete is also investigated. The steel fibers were added as the volume fractions of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%. The cylindrical specimens with Φ100 x 200 for compressive tests were manufactured in accordance with ASTM C 39[. The experimental results showed that the slump of fresh SFRC was inversely proportional to the fiber volume fraction added to high strength concrete. As the addition of steel fiber increased, compressive strength of SFRC decreased. Inclusion of steel fiber improves compressive toughness of high strength SFRC.</P>

Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 3p in patients with carcinoma of the cervix

Kim, Jin Woo,Hong, Sung Ran,Park, So Yeon,Ryu, Hyun Mee,Park, Chong Taik,Lee, Ki Heon,Chung, Hwan Wook,Lim, Kyung Taek,Seong, Seok Ju,Park, In Sou,Shim, Jae Uk,Kim, Tae Jin 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2002 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.13 No.1

Photosynthetic Capacity of <i>Arabidopsis</i> Plants at the Reproductive Stage Tolerates γ Irradiation

KIM, Jin-Hong,MOON, Yu Ran,LEE, Min Hee,KIM, Ji Hong,WI, Seung Gon,PARK, Bong-Ju,KIM, Cha Soon,CHUNG, Byung Yeoup Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee 2011 Journal of radiation research Vol.52 No.4

<P>The developmental stage has an influence on the overall responses of plants under biotic or abiotic stress conditions. However, there is a lack of data about the effects of ionizing radiation in plants at different developmental stages. We examined radiation sensitivity of <I>Arabidopsis</I> plants in terms of photosynthetic ability and oxidative stress resistance at two distinct vegetative and reproductive stages, which correspond to 23 and 43 d after seeding (DAS), respectively. When plants were exposed to γ rays at a dose rate 50 Gy h<SUP>–1</SUP> for 4 h, they were characterized as various common or differential cellular responses depending on the developmental stage. Radial expansion of leaves, inhibition of non-photochemical quenching, and production of •O<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>–</SUP> and H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> under methyl viologen-induced photooxidative stress were commonly more conspicuous in the irradiated leaves of both plants than in the respective control. In contrast, the 23 and 43-DAS plants were explicitly discriminated in growth, chloroplast number & ultrastructure, photosynthetic pigment content & activity, and protein damage after γ irradiation. Natural leaf senescence was thereby enhanced in the irradiated leaves of the 23-DAS plants, while it was reversely alleviated in those of the 43-DAS ones. These results suggest that photosynthetic machineries of <I>Arabidopsis</I> plants at the reproductive stage can be relatively tolerant to γ rays of 200 Gy.</P>

Lipocalin 2 negatively regulates cell proliferation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition through changing metabolic gene expression in colorectal cancer

Kim, Se‐,Lim,Lee, Soo Teik,Min, In Suk,Park, Young Ran,Lee, Ju Hyung,Kim, Dae‐,Ghon,Kim, Sang‐,Wook JAPANESE CANCER ASSOCIATION 2017 CANCER SCIENCE Vol.108 No.11

<P>Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a member of the lipocalin superfamily, plays an important role in oncogenesis and progression in various types of cancer. However, the expression pattern and functional role of LCN2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether LCN2 is associated with proliferation and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC and to elucidate the underlying signaling pathways. LCN2 was preferentially expressed in CRC cells compared to normal tissues. However, LCN2 expression was significantly lower in metastatic or advanced‐stage CRC than in non‐metastatic or early stage CRC. Knockdown of LCN2 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in CRC cells expressing a high level of LCN2 induced cell proliferation and a morphological switch from an epithelial to mesenchymal state. Furthermore, downregulation of LCN2 in CRC cells increased cell migration and invasion involved in the regulation of EMT markers. Knockdown of LCN2 also induced glucose consumption and lactate production, accompanied by an increase in energy metabolism‐related genes. Taken together, our findings indicated that LCN2 negatively modulated proliferation, EMT and energy metabolism in CRC cells. Accordingly, LCN2 may be a candidate metastasis suppressor and potential therapeutic target in CRC.</P>