Effects of Aqueous Extract of Schizandrae Fructus on Lead-Induced Change of Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Hippocampus

Zhao, Rong Jie,Zhao, Zheng Lin,Zhao, Xiu Feng,Zhao, Guang Wen,Li, Meng Quan,Wu, Yi Yan,Li, Jing Qiu,Guan, Li Xin,Kim, Sang-Chan The Korean Medicine Society for the Herbal Formula 2009 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

The effects of aqueous extract of Schizandrae Fructus (AESC) on lead (Pb)-induced changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in the hippocampus (HIP) of adult rats were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of Pb acetate (5 mg/kg/d) for 28 days and sacrificed 7 days after the last administration. Concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in HIP were measured by HPLC. There were significant decreases of NE, DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA in Pb treated rats (P < 0.05), while pretreatment with AESC (100 mg/kg/d or 300 mg/kg/d, p.o., 2 h before Pb) greatly inhibited the decrease of monoamine transmitters, respectively (P < 0.05). Also, AESC (300 mg/kg/d) significantly increased the reduction of glutathione contents and superoxide dismutase activities in HIP induced by chronic Pb. These results suggest that AESC ameliorates Pb-induced depletion of monoamine neurotransmitters in HIP through its antioxidant activity.

Shear Performance of Short Channel Connectors in a Steel-UHPC Composite Deck

Qiu Zhao,Yang Du,Yunfan Peng,Chen Xu,Guanming Huang 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.1

The steel-ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) composite deck has been increasingly concerned for the fatigue damage ameliorations on the steel bridge deck and the pavement. The UHPC plate in the composite deck featured by the favorable tensile performance and small thickness helps achieving a light self-weight. However, it results to a limited short space for the shear connector to transfer the interlayer shear force. Therefore, this study proposed a kind of short steel channel-section connector for the composite deck with a thin UHPC plate, and investigated its mechanical behavior through push-out tests and parametric FEM analysis. The test results showed the deformation of the channel connector during the loading process generally included the elastic, elastic–plastic, and plastic stages, and the shear fracture of channel connector dominated in the failure mode. The shear stiff ness of the specimen with embedded reinforcement was increased by 39%, but had little infl uence on the shear capacity. On the other side, the parametric analysis told that the shear strength of connector increased signifi cantly as the connector height increased from 50 to 80 mm. Nevertheless, the connector arrangement direction was a sensitive factor to the uplift resistance of the connector.

Anti-tumor effect of novel amino acid Schiff base nickel (II) complexes on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (CAL-27) in vitro

Zhao Peng,Qiu Haiming,Wei Qiang,Li Yang,Gao Lei,Zhao Peiran 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2023 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.19 No.2

Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common skin/oral malignant tumor. In recent years, advancements in the fi eld of medical technology resulted in signifi cant improvement in the treatment and management of OSCC. However, adverse reactions associated with the application of radiotherapy and chemotherapeutic drugs resulted in a low overall survival rate. Therefore, it is important to develop and explore alternative chemotherapy drugs, which can eff ectively treat OSCC, and clarify their mechanism of action. Objective The present study aimed to investigate the eff ect of three hexa-coordinated octahedral nickel (II) complexes, namely [Ni(sal- L -phe)(phen)(CH 3 OH)] CH 3 OH ( 1 ), [Ni(naph- L -phe)(phen)(CH 3 OH)] ( 2 ), and [Ni( o -van- L -phe)(phen) (CH 3 OH)] 5CH 3 OH ( 3 ), on proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of CAL-27 cells. Results The results of the study showed that complex 3 exhibited sensitive/signifi cant cytotoxicity toward CAL-27 cells, with an IC 50 value of 15.90 mΜ. Further, an assessment of the underlying mechanism showed that complex 3 could signifi cantly increase autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in CAL-27 cells. At the same time, it reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, complex 3 might act via inhibition of proliferation and migration of CAL 27 cells and induction of apoptosis, which was mediated via regulation of the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins in vitro. Conclusion The results of the study showed that nickel complexes could potently inhibit the growth of CAL-27 cells, which was mediated via mitochondrial dysfunction, intracellular ROS accumulation, and ROS-mediated DNA damage. Altogether, the fi ndings of the study would provide new leads for the designing and synthesis of novel metal drugs for OSCC.

An Increase in Synaptic NMDA Receptors in the Insular Cortex Contributes to Neuropathic Pain

Qiu, Shuang,Chen, Tao,Koga, Kohei,Guo, Yan-yan,Xu, Hui,Song, Qian,Wang, Jie-jie,Descalzi, Giannina,Kaang, Bong-Kiun,Luo, Jian-hong,Zhuo, Min,Zhao, Ming-gao AAAS 2013 Science signaling Vol.6 No.275

<P><B>Stopping the Pain</B></P><P>Damage to the central or peripheral nervous system can trigger the development of neuropathic pain, which can manifest as painful sensations in response to stimuli that are not normally painful. Qiu <I>et al.</I> found that mice that had developed neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury showed changes in synaptic plasticity and increased abundance of synaptic NMDA receptors in the insular cortex, a region of the brain that is activated by acute and chronic pain. Using pharmacological inhibitors and transgenic mice, they mimicked these changes in vitro with insular cortical slices and thus identified the signaling pathway responsible. Mice injected with NMDA receptor inhibitors showed reduced behavioral signs of neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury. Thus, blocking NMDA receptor function in the insular cortex may prevent the development of neuropathic pain.</P>

Pig Large tumor suppressor2 (Lats2), a novel gene that may regulate the fat reduction in adipocyte

( Qiu Yue Liu ),( Xiao Rong Gu ),( Yi Qiang Zhao ),( Jin Zhang ),( Yao Feng Zhao ),( Qing Yong Meng ),( Guo Heng Xu ),( Xiao Xiang Hu ),( Ning Li ) 생화학분자생물학회 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.2

Push-Out Behavior of Short Headed Stud Connectors in Steel-Ultra High Performance Concrete Composite Deck

Qiu Zhao,Guanming Huang,Chen Xu,Yunfan Peng 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.7

A steel-ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) composite deck has good fatigue performancewhile the thin UHPC slab leaves a very limited space for the connector configuration. This is actually crucial to achieve the composite action. Current literatures concerning the short stud behavior are still limited for a general mechanism understanding. Therefore, a series of push-tests containing 15 specimens were conducted for investigating the mechanical behavior of short studs with various diameters and lengths in UHPC composite deck. And a parametric FEM analysis with nonlinear material constitutions was conducted as well for the bearing performance understanding. The push-out tests showed the shear fracture near stud roots is the leading dominant failure mode, and a longer stud length might introduce a higher percentage of stud shank bending deformation. It explained longer stud length could be helpful to improve the shear strength of stud in UHPC. Meanwhile, the shear stiffness of the push-out specimens were all increased with a larger stud diameter or length. On the other side, the analysis results showed that a pull-out failure could happen when the stud length was less than 25 mm in UHPC and the failure mode of stud could also be affected by the concrete strength. In addition to the tests and analysis, the safety redundancies of strength evaluations of short stud in UHPC based on several civil codes were discussed in terms of the comparison works.

Research on Gamification Incentive Mechanism of E-commerce Platform

Qiu-Yue Zhao,조동민 한국멀티미디어학회 2022 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.25 No.7

As a new marketing tool, gamification design has been used in marketing practice by e-commerce platforms, aiming to motivate consumers to participate. Based on this, by sorting out relevant domestic and foreign literature, analysis of actual business cases, in-depth interviews with users, experiments and data analysis, this study extracts and describes in detail the elements of the e-commerce platform gamification incentive mechanism. Draw conclusions through research:(1)The incentive mechanism of gamification design of e-commerce platform contains four main dimensions: The richness of symbols, The fun of gamification, The contagiousness of Social and The seduction of achievement.(2)The four elements are closely related, and these can work on a system at the same time and have significant mutual effects.(3)Achievement and fun can bring intrinsic motivation to consumers, while sociability and symbols can bring external motivation to consumers and promote internal motivation through external motivation.(4)The seduction of achievement and the richness of symbol are most closely relate

Comparative Analysis of Outcomes and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Synchronous and Metachronous Contralateral Breast Cancer: A Study of the SEER Database

Ruiyue Qiu,Wen Zhao,Jiao Yang,Yanwei Shen,Biyuan Wang,Pan Li,Andi Zhao,Qi Tian,Mi Zhang,Min Yi,Jin Yang,Danfeng Dong 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.2

Purpose: Numerous previous studies have reported inconsistent results about the differences between synchronous contralateral breast cancer (sCBC) and metachronous contralateral breast cancer (mCBC). This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes between sCBC and mCBC and determine predictive factors for the survival of sCBC and mCBC patients. Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database, we identified sCBC or mCBC patients from 2000 to 2010. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to analyze overall survival and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) rates of sCBCs and mCBCs, respectively. Results: Overall, 14,057 sCBC (n = 8,139, 57.9%) and mCBC (n = 5,918, 42.1%) patients were included. The first tumors of sCBC were more likely to have higher stage and more lymph and distant metastases, whereas those of mCBC were more often infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC), had localized stage, were estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) negative, and had less axillary nodal involvement. The second tumors of mCBC tended to be IDC and have higher grade, adverse stage, ER and PR-negativity; and more axillary nodal involvement, compared to the second tumors of sCBC. mCBC patients had significantly favorable 5-year BCSS but worse long-term BCSS compared with sCBC patients. Moreover, subgroup analysis revealed no significant difference of BCSS between sCBC and mCBC among patients aged 18–60 years. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, grade, and stage of 2 tumors; surgery for second tumor; and ER status of the second tumor were independent prognostic factors for BCSS of contralateral breast cancer (CBC). Conclusion: The characteristics and outcomes of sCBCs and mCBCs were substantially different. sCBC and mCBC patients may have different prognosis, and the prognosis of CBC depends on the first and second tumors.

정치적 유토피아와 전통지향적 미학의 이합(離合)관계 : 이태준의 소련·중국 기행문과 소설 「먼지」 겹쳐 읽기

조영추 ( Zhao Ying-qiu ) 민족문학사학회·민족문학사연구소 2019 민족문학사연구 Vol.71 No.-

본고는 이태준의 소련 및 중국 기행문, 그리고 소설 「먼지」를 연구대상으로 하여, 해방 직후 사회주의 새 사회 건설에 참여한 작가가 어떻게 전통지향적 미학관과 창작방법을 재사유하였는지를 고찰하였다. 기존 연구에서는 주로 이 시기 이태준이 어떠한 정치적 이념과 편향을 보이는지에 관심을 둠으로써 단지 작가를 정치적 피사체로 파악한다. 그러나 이는 작가의 심미안과 창작 관행의 작용을 소홀히 한 것으로서 이 시기 이태준의 문제의식과 현실에 대한 관심이 작가로서의 주체적 행위였음을 간과하고 있다. 해방을 맞아 이태준은 소련을 방문하고, 뒤이어 월북을 단행하며, 6․25 전쟁 당시에는 중국을 방문한다. 이는 서로 다른 정치 제도와 문화 및 역사의 경계를 넘어서는 ‘여행’ 행위였으며, ‘월경’ 혹은 ‘탈경계’ 체험은 ‘견문’에 대한 일종의 ‘번역’이자 ‘허구’로서 이태준의 기행문이 되고 소설이 되었다. 그리고 이 과정에서 이태준의 전통지향적 미학관과 문화관은 사회주의국가 건설이라는 현안과 부딪치며 결국에는 지배 담론의 영향 하에 수정되고 파기되기에 이른다. 즉 해방기 이태준의 텍스트들은 그동안 축적해온 작가의 미학관과 창작관이 현실 정치로의 실천이라는 외부적 논리와 교착되는 과정에 시대착오적인 낡은 사물로 인식되어 지속적인 탐구 가능성이 단절되고 마는 궤적을 보여준다. 이에 본고는 이태준의 해방 후창작을 이해함에 있어서 기존의 이데올로기적 접근 방법에서 벗어나 그의 정치적 행위와 문학 창작 실제 간의 다층적 관계를 읽어내고, 더 나아가서 작품 및 작가가 어떻게 매개물이자 주체로서 사회주의 사회의 새로운 현실과 전통지향적인 미학관념을 상호 연결시키는 지를 탐문하고자 한다. By offering a close reading on the Soviet travelogue A Trip to the Soviet Union(1947), the China travelogue The Great New China(1952) and the novel The Dust(1950) of Korean writer Yi Taejun after liberation, this article aims at exploring how Yi Taejun rethought the relationship between his traditional aesthetics and the new reality in the process of participating in the construction of a new socialist society in North Korea. Previous researches have specifically shed light on Yi’s political conceptions of Soviet and China by examining his overstatements of Soviet and China’s achievements and eulogies to the solicialist way of life. However, this is only one of the important aspects that these travelogues show to us. In this article, I will focus on how Yi Taejun tried to open up the potential avenues to socialist society through his own aesthetic vision and literary practices as a writer. After liberation, Yi first visited the Soviet Union, then chose to stayed in the early North Korea, and visited China during Korean war. This is a kind of ‘travel’ behavior that transcends the boundaries of different political systems, cultures and history. The cross-border or transnational experiences have been ‘translated’ and ‘fictionalized’ as a kind of knowledge, which constitutes Yi Taejun’s travelogues and novels. In this process, Yi’s traditional aesthetics and cultural outlook interacted with the task of building a socialist country, and was eventually modified and lost its usefulness under the increasing strengthening of mainstream ideology. In this regard, this article, in order to laying open potentials of meaning with and beyond the literary texts of Yi Taejun after liberation, will mainly explore the multi-level relationships between his political behaviors and literary practices, and further figuring out how the literary works and the author served as a medium to connect the development of socialist society with the problem of traditional aesthetics.

집단 언어와 실어 상태 : 중국 문인들의 한국전쟁 참전 일기를 중심으로

조영추 ( Zhao Ying Qiu ) 한국문학연구학회 2018 현대문학의 연구 Vol.0 No.64

본고는 중국에서 2000년대에 출판된 '항미원조' 참전 문예 창작자들의 일기, 특히 작가 시훙과 쉬광야오, 그리고 화가 허쿵더의 일기를 주된 연구대상으로 하여 집단적 인식을 대변하고 있는 일기와, 집단적 인식을 인정하되 한 개인과 창작자로서 경험한 사상적·감정적 고민을 진솔하게 기록하고 있는 일기 사이에 어떠한 차이점이 있는지, 전시 생활서사와 이국전장(異國戰場)서사라는 두 가지 측면에서 살펴보았다. 그 가운데 이들의 일기가 개인으로서의 체험과 집단의 요구 사이에서 균열을 보이고 있음을 지적했으며, 집단의 요구에서 일탈하여 오감을 되찾거나, 주변적 위치에서 시각적 언어인 그림으로 조선 및 조선 사람들과 교감할 때 비로소 실어의 상태에서 벗어날 수 있었음을 밝히고자 했다. 이처럼 출판된 사적 기록물을 문제적 시각에서 살핌으로써 참전 당시 중국 문예 창작자들의 모습을 입체적으로 복원하며 이에 대한 공론장의 다층적 이해의 계기를 마련했다. This paper offers a close reading of the Chinese writer Xi Hong and Xu Guangyao, painter He Kongde's diary of "KangMeiYuan Chao (Resisting U.S. Aggression and Aiding North Korea)". It seeks to clarify the characteristics of these diaries by analyzing the narrative of the war life and the battlefield of North Korea. In particular, this paper points out that their diaries, which were released nearly half a century after the war, show a crack between the diarists' own experiences as an individual and the needs of the group, which made the diarists encountered a difficulty in expressing themselves and creating works in word language. However, when the diarist tried to break away from the collective request and relived the feeling brought by the sense of the body, or realized the communication with the North Koreans with the visual language of drawing, it seems that they were able to find a way to overcome the state of aphasia. By exploring the published private diaries, this paper offers a more comprehensive understanding of the Korean War from the perspectives of Chinese scholars. It also helps us to clarify the dynamic relationship between the public sphere and private