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African Maternal Origin and Genetic Diversity of Chinese Domestic Donkeys
Lei, Chu-Zhao,Ge, Qing-Lan,Zhang, Hu-Cai,Liu, Ruo-Yu,Zhang, Wei,Jiang, Yong-Qing,Dang, Rui-Hua,Zheng, Hui-Ling,Hou, Wen-Tong,Chen, Hong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.5
The origin of domestic donkeys in China has been controversial. To clarify the origin of Chinese domestic donkeys, we investigated the partial mitochondrial D-loop sequences of 126 samples from 12 native breeds. The results revealed two mitochondrial origins, lineage Somali and lineage Nubian of African wild ass detected in Chinese domestic donkeys. Lineage Somali was predominant in Chinese domestic donkey breeds. The pattern of genetic variation in ass mtDNA D-loop sequences indicated that the two lineages Somali and Nubian from China had undergone population expansion events. In a combined analysis of lineages Somali and Nubian between previously published sequences from other countries/regions and sequences of Chinese domestic donkeys, the results indicated that the two lineages of Chinese domestic donkeys were from Africa and supported the African maternal origins of Chinese domestic donkeys. There was no obvious geographical structure in Chinese domestic donkey breeds, but the population showed abundant mtDNA diversity. The spread routes of Chinese domestic donkeys were also discussed.
褚大慶 한중인문학회 2008 한중인문학연구 Vol.25 No.-
이육사는 투철한 민족독립의식과 독특한 시가 매력으로 한국 시단에서 중요한 자리를 차지하고 있다. 비슷한 사회배경에서 생활한 작가로서 민족의 고난을 아파하고 민족의 해방과 진보를 위해 투쟁한 이육사와 루쉰은 시가 예술수법에서 모두 "광야", "고목" 등 독특한 이미지를 선호했고 상징적 수법을 즐겨 사용했다. 그리고 작품의 주제도 절망적인 반항과 의연한 투쟁정신, 민족에 대한 연민의 정감을 나타내고 있다. 이육사가 시가를 투쟁의 도구로 사용하였다면 루쉰은 시가로 민중의 우매한 영혼을 환기시키는 데 비중을 더욱 많이 두었다고 할 수 있다. Lee Ruksa a Korean poet, plays a very important role in the field of Korean poems with his awareness of national independence and the unique charm of poetry. Living in the similar social background as Lee Ruksa, Luxun suffered the bitterness and hard time too. They both lived and fought for the revolution of their own nations and chose "the vast field" and "tall trees" as the outstanding images to express in the symbolic method. Their themes and topics are full of spirits of desperate fighting, rebellion and sympathy. Lee Ruksa took poems as weapons, while Luxun tried to arouse the numb souls of folks with poems.
Age Estimation via Selecting Discriminated Features and Preserving Geometry
( Qing Tian ),( Heyang Sun ),( Chuang Ma ),( Meng Cao ),( Yi Chu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.4
Human apparent age estimation has become a popular research topic and attracted great attention in recent years due to its wide applications, such as personal security and law enforcement. To achieve the goal of age estimation, a large number of methods have been pro-posed, where the models derived through the cumulative attribute coding achieve promised performance by preserving the neighbor-similarity of ages. However, these methods afore-mentioned ignore the geometric structure of extracted facial features. Indeed, the geometric structure of data greatly affects the accuracy of prediction. To this end, we propose an age estimation algorithm through joint feature selection and manifold learning paradigms, so-called Feature-selected and Geometry-preserved Least Square Regression (FGLSR). Based on this, our proposed method, compared with the others, not only preserves the geometry structures within facial representations, but also selects the discriminative features. Moreover, a deep learning extension based FGLSR is proposed later, namely Feature selected and Geometry preserved Neural Network (FGNN). Finally, related experiments are conducted on Morph2 and FG-Net datasets for FGLSR and on Morph2 datasets for FGNN. Experimental results testify our method achieve the best performances.
( Qing Wei ),( San Zhen Liu ),( Jian Feng Huang ),( Xue Ying Mao ),( Xiao Hui Chu ),( Yu Wang ),( Min Yan Qiu ),( Yu Min Mao ),( Yi Xie ),( Yao Li ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.4
Double stranded targets on the cDNA microarray contain representatives of both the coding and noncoding strands, which will introduce hybridization competition with probes. Here, the effect of double and single strands of targets on the signal intensity and the ratios of Cy5/Cy3 within the same slide were compared. The results show that single stranded targets can increase the hybridization efficiency without changing the Cy5/Cy3 ratio. Based on these results, a new strategy was established by generating cDNA targets with asymmetric PCR, instead of conventional PCR, to increase the sensitivity of the cDNA microarray. Furthermore, the feasibility of this approach was validated. The results indicate that the cDNA microarray system based on asymmetric PCR is more sensitive, with no decrease in the reliability and reproducibility as compared with that based on conventional symmetric PCR.
Wei, Qing,Liu, Sanzhen,Huang, Jianfeng,Mao, Xueying,Chu, Xiaohui,Wang, Yu,Qiu, Minyan,Mao, Yumin,Xie, Yi,Li, Yao Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2004 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.37 No.4
Double stranded targets on the cDNA microarray contain representatives of both the coding and noncoding strands, which will introduce hybridization competition with probes. Here, the effect of double and single strands of targets on the signal intensity and the ratios of Cy5/Cy3 within the same slide were compared. The results show that single stranded targets can increase the hybridization efficiency without changing the Cy5/Cy3 ratio. Based on these results, a new strategy was established by generating cDNA targets with asymmetric PCR, instead of conventional PCR, to increase the sensitivity of the cDNA microarray. Furthermore, the feasibility of this approach was validated. The results indicate that the cDNA microarray system based on asymmetric PCR is more sensitive, with no decrease in the reliability and reproducibility as compared with that based on conventional symmetric PCR.
Lei, Chu-Zhao,Zhang, Wei,Chen, Hong,Lu, Fan,Ge, Qing-Lan,Liu, Ruo-Yu,Dang, Rui-Hua,Yao, Yun-Yi,Yao, Li-Bo,Lu, Zi-Fan,Zhao, Zhong-liang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.4
Little is known about the origin and genetic diversity of swamp buffaloes in China. To obtain more knowledge on genetics of the water buffalo in China, the complete mitochondrial D-loop sequences of 30 samples from 6 native types were investigated. The results revealed 12 mitochondrial haplotypes with 50 polymorphic sites. Among these polymorphic sites, there were 49 transitions and 1 transversion. The average nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity estimated from mtDNA D-loop region in 6 Chinese water buffalo types were 0.00684 and 0.798, respectively, showing rather abundant mitochondrial genetic diversity. The Neighbor-Joining (NJ) tree of mtDNA of Chinese water buffaloes was constructed according to the 12 haplotypes. The NJ tree indicated two lineages being designated lineage A and lineage B, in which lineage A was predominant, and lineage B was at low frequency. The new lineage B was first discovered and defined in 6 Chinese water buffalo types. These results showed that two different maternal lineages were involved in the origin of domestic swamp buffaloes in China and the lineage B was probably an introgression from Southeast Asian buffaloes.
Vortex-induced Vibration Control by Micro Actuator
Bao-Qing Li,Yang Liu,Jia-Ru Chu 대한기계학회 2007 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.21 No.9
The control of vortex-induced vibration of two side-by-side circular cylinders in a cross flow is carried out experimentally. One cylinder is elastically supported and the other is fix-supported at both ends. The two cylinders vibrate under the action of the unsteady flow-induced forces. A micro actuator is embedded on the surface of each cylinder to perturb the boundary layer. The spacing ratio is set at 1.2. The measurement shows that the structural vibration can be suppressed significantly when the reduced excitation frequency is around 2.655.
Broadband multimode antenna and its array for wireless communication base stations
Rui Wu,Qing‐Xin Chu 한국전자통신연구원 2019 ETRI Journal Vol.41 No.2
A wideband dual‐polarized antenna coupling cross resonator is proposed for LTE700/GSM850/GSM900 base stations. An additional resonance is introduced to obtain strong coupling between the dipole and resonator. Moreover, the input impedance of the proposed antenna is steadily close to 50 Ω, which results in better impedance matching. Therefore, a wide bandwidth can be achieved with multiresonance. A prototype is fabricated to verify the proposed design. The measured results show that the antenna has a fractional bandwidth of 35.7% from 690 MHz to 990 MHz for |S11| < −15 dB. Stable radiation patterns as well as gain are also obtained over the entire operating band. Moreover, a five‐element antenna array with an electrical downtilt of 0° to 14° is developed for modern base station applications. Measurement shows that a wide impedance bandwidth of 34.7% (690 MHz to 980 MHz), stable HPBW (3‐dB beamwidth) of 65 ± 5°, and high gain of 13.8 ± 0.6 dBi are achieved with electrical downtilts of 0°, 7°, and 14°.