The Correlation of Routine Tear Function Tests and Conjunctival Impression Cytology in Dry Eye Syndrome

Prachi Kumar,Rahul Bhargava,Manoj Kumar,Somesh Ranjan,Manjushri Kumar,Pratima Verma 대한안과학회 2014 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.28 No.2

Purpose: To establish the strength of the association between routine tear function tests and conjunctival impressioncytology (CIC) and to determine whether they simulate the morphological and cytological changesthat occur on the ocular surface in dry eye. What are the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive valuesof these tests when CIC is considered the gold standard?Methods: The tear film profile included tear film break up time (TBUT), Schirmer’s-1, Rose Bengal scores (RBS),and impression cytology. CIC samples were obtained from the inferior bulbar conjunctiva and stained withperiodic acid-Schiff and counter stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: The mean Schirmer’s value was 11.66 ± 5.90 in patients and 17.17 ± 2.97 in controls (p < 0.001). Themean TBUT in participants was 8.88 ± 3.54 and 13.53 ± 2.12 in controls (p < 0.001). Patients had a meangoblet cell density (GCD) of 490 ± 213, while the value for controls was 1,462 ± 661 (p < 0.001). Abnormal CICwas observed in 46.7% cases of dry eye and in 32.8% of controls. The correlation coefficient (L) for Schirmer’swas 0.2 and 0.24 for participants and controls, respectively, while TBUT values were 0.26 and 0.38, RBSwere 0.5 and 0.5, and GCD was 0.8 and 0.6 in cases and controls, respectively. Conclusions: GCD, RBS, and TBUT were better predictors of morphological and cytological changes in theconjunctiva than Schirmer’s in dry eye syndrome. The sensitivity of tear function tests in diagnosing dry eyewas TBUT > Schirmer’s > RBS, and the specificity was Schirmer’s > TBUT > RBS in decreasing order whenCIC was considered the gold standard.

Pristine graphene-ink for 3D-printed flexible solid-state supercapacitor

Kumar Satendra,Goswami Manoj,Singh Netrapal,Soni Prachi,Sathish N.,Kumar Surender 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.4

Due to its capacity to manufacture low-cost 3D-printed structures, 3D-printing technology offers a unique opportunity for the fast epitome of various applications. Using a typical fused deposition modeling 3D printer along with a Discovery extruder, a graphene-ink can be 3D printed to produce an interdigitated electrode (IDE) arrangement. This work fabricated a 3D-printed planar supercapacitor from pristine graphene-ink without using high-temperature processing or functional additives. The printable ink (89%) is formulated from pristine graphene without the addition of any functional additives. The symmetric flexible supercapacitor is demonstrated with an excellent specific capacitance of 137.50 F/g at 0.5 A/g and an energy density of 12.23 Wh/kg. The obtained gravimetric energy density beats reported earlier carbon-based supercapacitors that are 3D or inkjet printed. The flexibility and robustness of 3D-printed devices are achieved up to 150° folding angles. This work demonstrates an efficient and easy method for fabricating practical energy storage devices featuring a customizable shape and excellent flexibility.

Association between Beta Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphism and Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis

Amit Kumar,Manya Prasad,Pradeep Kumar,Arun Kumar Yadav,Awadh Kishor Pandit,Prachi Kathuria 대한뇌졸중학회 2015 Journal of stroke Vol.17 No.2

Background and Purpose The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the precise association between beta-2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) polymorphism and Ischemic stroke. Methods Published case control studies on association between β2AR and ischemic stroke were searched from electronic databases. Pooled Odds ratio and 95% Confidence interval were calculated by using software RevMan version 5.2. Results A total of three studies involving 1,642 cases and 1,673 controls, which were published from 2007 to 2014, were subjected to meta-analysis for allelic association and 518 cases and 510 controls for genotypic association. Pooled analysis of two studies for genotypic association suggested that subjects carrying Gln27Glu polymorphism of β2AR had an increased risk for Ischemic stroke under recessive model (OR 2.09; 95% CI; 1.20 to 3.64) and under dominant model (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.90). Pooled analysis of three studies for allelic association showed a significantly higher Glu27 allele of β2AR in the patients with ischemic stroke (OR 1.58; 95% CI; 1.38 to 1.81). Conclusions The present meta-analysis suggests that Gln27Glu polymorphism of β2AR gene is associated with increased risk for ischemic stroke.

Rapid Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Amounts of Cyanide and Hydrogen Cyanide Using p-Aminoacetanilide in Various Samples

Parmar, Prachi,Pillai, Ajai Kumar,Gupta, Vinay Kumar Korean Chemical Society 2010 대한화학회지 Vol.54 No.1

Prediction of Upper Limb Motor Recovery after Subacute Ischemic Stroke Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pradeep Kumar,Prachi Kathuria,Pallavi Nair,Kameshwar Prasad 대한뇌졸중학회 2016 Journal of stroke Vol.18 No.1

Early evaluation of the pyramidal tract using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a prerequisite to decide the optimal treatment or to assess appropriate rehabilitation. The early predictive value of DTI for assessing motor and functional recovery in ischemic stroke (IS) has yielded contradictory results. The purpose is to systematically review and summarize the current available literature on the value of Fractional Anisotropy (FA) parameter of the DTI in predicting upper limb motor recovery after sub-acute IS. MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and Cochrane CENTRAL searches were conducted from January 1, 1950, to July 31, 2015, which was supplemented with relevant articles identified in the references. Correlation between FA and upper limb motor recovery measure was done. Heterogeneity was examined using Higgins I-squared, Tau-squared. Summary of correlation coefficient was determined using Random Effects model. Out of 166 citations, only eleven studies met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review and six studies were included in the meta-analysis. A random effects model revealed that DTI parameter FA is a significant predictor for upper limb motor recovery after sub-acute IS [Correlation Coefficient=0.82; 95% Confidence Interval-0.66 to 0.90, P value<0.001]. Moderate heterogeneity was observed (Tau-squared=0.12, I-squared=62.14). The studies reported so far on correlation between DTI and upper limb motor recovery are few with small sample sizes. This meta-analysis suggests strong correlation between DTI parameter FA and upper limb motor recovery. Well-designed prospective trials embedded with larger sample size are required to establish these findings.

Versatile midfacial degloving approach in oral and maxillofacial surgery

Anunay Pangarikar,Umamaheswari G,Prachi Parab,Suresh Kumar,Devarathnamma M,V 대한구강악안면외과학회 2019 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.45 No.4

Objectives: Oral and maxillofacial surgeons must gain mastery of various approaches to the midface due to the increasing incidence, complexity, and severity of presenting midfacial fractures. Unlike in the case of other body parts, the need to preserve facial aesthetics makes it more difficult for the surgeon to select an approach for managing the facial injuries. The midfacial degloving (MFD) approach is a combination of intraoral and intranasal incisions made to access the midface without any external incision. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of MFD in maxillofacial surgery and to assess its advantages and complications. Materials and Methods: The MFD approach was used in five cases, with three cases treated with open reduction and internal fixation and two cases operated on for posttraumatic deformity. Nasal dorsum augmentation was completed in three cases and nasal osteotomy was performed in one case. The bicoronal flap technique was combined with MFD for frontal bone augmentation in one case. The intraoperative time required for flap completion and the ease of performing the planned procedures were noted. Postoperative evaluation was done for reduction, aesthetics, function, and complications. Results: Access was excellent for performing all planned procedures. Average time spent for flap elevation and exposure of the midface was 63 minutes. Complications like postoperative swelling, infraorbital nerve paresthesia, and intranasal crusting were all transient. No long-term complications like stenosis of the nose, sneer deformity, or weakness of the facial muscles were noticed. Additionally, no complications were noted when MFD was combined with bicoronal flap. Conclusion: Though the MFD approach is technically demanding and takes more time than other facial approaches, it should be learned and applied by maxillofacial surgeons in selective cases, as it provides complete exposure of the midface without facial scarring.

A prospective randomized trial of xylometazoline drops and epinephrine merocele nasal pack for reducing epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation

Patel, Sonam,Hazarika, Amarjyoti,Agrawal, Prachi,Jain, Divya,Panda, Naresh Kumar The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2020 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.20 No.4

Background: The most frequent complication of nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is epistaxis. Epinephrine nasal gauze packing has been used conventionally as a pre-treatment for reducing epistaxis, but it carries a disadvantage of pain and anxiety in patients. However, xylometazoline drops are easier to administer and more convenient for patients. We aimed at comparing the effectiveness of xylometazoline drops and epinephrine merocele packing in reducing bleeding and postoperative complications in our population. Methods: Our study enrolled 120 patients in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. We randomly allocated ASA1 or 2 adult patients into 2 groups: Group X and Group E. Group X received 0.1% xylometazoline nasal drops, and epinephrine (1:10,000) merocele nasal packing was used in Group E. The primary outcome was the incidence of bleeding during NTI; the severity of bleeding, navigability, bleeding during extubation, and postoperative complications were secondary outcomes. We used IBM SPSS and Minitab software for statistical analysis, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We analyzed the data of 110 patients: 55 in Group X and 55 in Group E. The two groups did not have different bleeding incidence (56.4% vs 60.0%; P = 0.70); however, the incidence of severe bleeding was less with xylometazoline than with epinephrine (3.63% vs 14.54%; P < 0.05). We also observed less bleeding during extubation (38.2% vs 68.5%; P < 0.05) with xylometazoline. Other secondary outcomes were akin to both groups. Conclusion: The incidence of severe and post-extubation bleeding was significantly less with xylometazoline. Hence, it may be an effective alternative for reducing the incidence and severity of epistaxis during NTI.