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Fuzzy Logic Based Temporal Error Concealment for H.264 Video
Pei-Jun Lee,Ming-Long Lin 한국전자통신연구원 2006 ETRI Journal Vol.28 No.5
In this paper, a new error concealment algorithm is proposed for the H.264 standard. The algorithm consists of two processes. The first process uses a fuzzy logic method to select the size type of lost blocks. The motion vector of a lost block is calculated from the current frame, if the motion vectors of the neighboring blocks surrounding the lost block are discontinuous. Otherwise, the size type of the lost block can be determined from the preceding frame. The second process is an error concealment algorithm via a proposed adapted multiplereference- frames selection for finding the lost motion vector. The adapted multiple-reference-frames selection is based on the motion estimation analysis of H.264 coding so that the number of searched frames can be reduced. Therefore the most accurate mode of the lost block can be determined with much less computation time in the selection of the lost motion vector. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves from 0.5 to 4.52 dB improvement when compared to the method in VM 9.0.
Lee, Bolim,Lin, Pei-ching,Cha, Hwan soo,Luo, Jun,Chen, Feng 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5
Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia) is a popular fruit in the Southeastern United States because of its unique aroma and strong antioxidant capacity. Volatile compounds of a locally cultivated muscadine cultivar Cowart were characterized by solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC-MS. Twenty-eight volatile compounds, including fruity short-chain esters, alcohols, terpenes, and carbonyl compounds, were detected based on mass spectra and Kovats indices. Based on principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering, the grapes in stages I and II had relatively similar flavor patterns, which were different from that in stage III. Butyl-2-butenoate, hexyl acetate, propyl acetate, ethyl trans-2-butenoate, hexyl-2-butenoate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 1-octanol, ethyl hexanoate, and ${\beta}$-citral were present as distinct volatile chemicals in stage III, while nonanal, decanal, and ${\beta}$-citronellol were distinct in stage II, and myrcenol, ${\beta}$-ocimene, and l-limonene were biomarkers in stage I. Understanding volatile compounds at each stage can assist farmers in choosing the optimal time to harvest muscadine grapes.
Pei, Mingyuan,Huang, Jun,Jang, Mi,Kim, Ji-Hoon,Lee, Minjung,Chen, Junwu,Hwang, Do Hoon,Yang, Hoichang American Chemical Society 2016 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.120 No.2
<P>A high-molecular-weight donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymer, pDTfBT-4T, poly(5,8-di[3-octyldodecanthiopen-5-yl]dithieno[3',2':3,4:2 '',3 '':5,6]benzo[1,2-c][1,2,5]-thiadiazole-alt-2,2'-bithiophene), including alternating dithieno[3',2':3,4;2 '',3 '':5,6]benzo[1,2-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DTfBT) and 3-octyldodecyltetrathiophene (4T) was synthesized by a Stille coupling polymerization. We found that pDTfBT-4T had a molecular number-average weight of 276 kg mol(-1) and formed unexpectedly strong interchain aggregates in dilute solutions at room temperature, which was similar to those in as-spun thin solid films. pDTfBT-4T thin films were spun-cast from a warm dilute chlorobenzene solution on hydrophobic polymer-treated SiO2 dielectrics. Some were shortly annealed at various temperatures (T) for 10 min to improve p-overlapped structures as charge-carrier transport paths. The ordered domains of pDTfBT-4T in the annealed films could be tuned from one-dimensional nanorods to two-dimensional nanosheets with an increasing in T, which also provided enhanced crystal orientation. Optimizing the conjugated structures of pDTfBT-4T in the annealed films, the polymer based OFETs yielded a hole mobility up to 1.45 cm2 V-1 s(-1) as well as negligible hysteresis and excellent negative bias stability.</P>
Bolim Lee,Pei-ching Lin,차환수,Jun Luo,Feng Chen 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5
Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia) is a popular fruit in the Southeastern United States because of its unique aroma and strong antioxidant capacity. Volatile compounds of a locally cultivated muscadine cultivar Cowart were characterized by solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC-MS. Twenty-eight volatile compounds, including fruity short-chain esters, alcohols, terpenes, and carbonyl compounds, were detected based on mass spectra and Kovats indices. Based on principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering, the grapes in stages I and II had relatively similar flavor patterns, which were different from that in stage III. Butyl-2-butenoate, hexyl acetate, propyl acetate, ethyl trans-2-butenoate, hexyl-2-butenoate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 1-octanol, ethyl hexanoate, and β- citral were present as distinct volatile chemicals in stage III, while nonanal, decanal, and β-citronellol were distinct in stage II, and myrcenol, β-ocimene, and l-limonene were biomarkers in stage I. Understanding volatile compounds at each stage can assist farmers in choosing the optimal time to harvest muscadine grapes.