Comparative assessment of the adverse outcome of wastewater effluents by integrating oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in endemic fish

Samanta, Palas,Im, Hyungjoon,Yoo, Jisu,Lee, Hwanggoo,Kim, Nan-Young,Kim, Wonky,Hwang, Soon-Jin,Kim, Woo-Keun,Jung, Jinho Elsevier 2018 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.344 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study evaluated the adverse effect of wastewater effluents on three fish species, <I>Carassius auratus</I>, <I>Zacco platypus</I>, and <I>Zacco koreanus</I>, collected in the Eungcheon, Mihocheon, and Busocheon streams, respectively. Fish gills, liver, and kidneys from the mixing zone (MZ) and sites upstream (US) and downstream (DS) of the MZ were analyzed for oxidative stress responses and histology. Catalase and glutathione <I>S</I>-transferase activity was significantly higher at MZ and DS than from US (<I>p<</I> 0.05), indicating induction of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Additionally, degree of tissue changes (DTC) indicated highest histopathological alteration in MZ, followed by DS and US. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) for oxidative stress and histopathological alterations showed higher values consistently for <I>Z. koreanus</I> than other two species. Water temperature, EC, and TN levels seemed to be responsible for the observed biomarker responses. These findings indicate that thermal hot spring effluent discharged into Busocheon steam induced the most significant impact on the cool water species (<I>Z. koreanus</I>). Overall, this study suggests that the IBR index is a very useful tool for monitoring <I>in situ</I> adverse effects of wastewater effluents on fish, particularly for histopathological alterations representing prolonged impact.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The IBR study identified the adverse effect of effluent discharge on fish clearly. </LI> <LI> The cool water species was the most impacted by thermal hot spring effluent. </LI> <LI> Pathological alterations gave more consistent IBR index than oxidative stress. </LI> </UL> </P>

Ecological risk assessment of a contaminated stream using multi-level integrated biomarker response in <i>Carassius auratus</i>

Samanta, Palas,Im, Hyungjoon,Na, Joorim,Jung, Jinho Elsevier 2018 Environmental pollution Vol.233 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The goal of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects of wastewater effluents on freshwater crucian carp, <I>Carassius auratus</I>, inhabiting Sincheon stream using the integrated biomarker response (IBR) at the genotoxic (micronucleus [MN] test), oxidative stress (activity of catalase [CAT] and glutathione <I>S</I>-transferase [GST], and level of lipid peroxidation [LPO]), histopathological (degree of tissue changes [DTC]), and physiological (condition factor [CF] and liver somatic index [LSI]) levels. The CF and LSI were significantly (<I>p</I> < 0.05) enhanced in fish from downstream sites (DS1 and DS2) as compared to that of upstream (US) fish samples. Moreover, a significant increase in morphometric indices (DTC) was observed in <I>C. auratus</I> collected from downstream sites (<I>p</I> < 0.05) and histopathological responses showed the degree of pathogenicity in the order of liver > kidney > gills. The activities of CAT, GST, and LPO in fish from the DS1 and DS2 sites were notably increased in gills, liver, and kidney compared to that of fish from the US site. Additionally, the MN test level in <I>C. auratus</I> from the DS1 and DS2 were significantly increased (<I>p</I> < 0.05) when compared with that of the US site. Considering the higher bioaccumulation of Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Pb in gills, liver, and kidney of <I>C. auratus</I> collected from downstream sites compared to that of the upstream site (<I>p</I> < 0.05), the observed toxicity was likely attributable to metal accumulation. The multi-level IBR index was higher at the DS1 site (15.08) than at the DS2 (1.02) and the reference US (0.00) sites. Therefore, these findings demonstrated that wastewater effluent discharge induces significant DNA damage, oxidative stress, and tissue injuries in <I>C. auratus</I> and suggested that the multi-level IBR approach should be used to quantify these effects on fish in streams and rivers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effluent discharge induced various biomarker responses in freshwater crucian carp. </LI> <LI> The biomarker response had higher values at downstream sites than at upstream site. </LI> <LI> Multi-level IBR index is a powerful tool to monitor aquatic pollution <I>in situ.</I> </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

생화학적 및 조직병리학적 생체지표를 이용한 하수처리장 방류수의 담수 붕어 (Carassius auratus) 영향 평가

( Palas Samanta ),임형준 ( Hyungjoon Im ),이황구 ( Hwanggoo Lee ),황순진 ( Soon-jin Hwang ),김원기 ( Wonky Kim ),( Apurba Ratan Ghosh ),정진호 ( Jinho Jung ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2016 한국물환경학회지 Vol.32 No.5

The aim of this study is to assess the influence of effluent discharge from a sewage treatment plant by evaluating oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in freshwater crucian carp Carassius auratus collected from the Eungcheon stream, located in Korea. Catalase activity in the gills, liver, and kidneys of C. auratus was collected from mixing zones; the downstream site was notably higher of fish than that of the upstream site. In addition, the activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the gills and liver was significantly higher in samples from the mixing zone than in those from the upstream site (p < 0.05). In addition, significantly elevated lipid peroxidation levels were observed in fish livers sampled from the mixing zone than in those from the upstream site (p < 0.05). Significant histopathological alternations were also observed in C. auratus, with the order of magnitude changes being liver > kidney > gills. These findings suggest that the liver is most affected by effluent discharge. The degree of tissue changes (DTC) indicate that the highest level occurred in samples from the mixing zone (30.98 土 5.40) followed by those from the downstream site (19.28 土 4.31) and was the lowest in samples from the upstream site (4.83 土 2.67). These findings indicate that fish collected from the mixing zone are most affected by effluent discharge and both oxidative stress and histopathological indices are useful tools for monitoring contaminated rivers and streams.

Evaluation of metal contamination and phytoremediation potential of aquatic macrophytes of East Kolkata Wetlands, India

Amina Khatun,Sandipan Pal,Aloke Kumar Mukherjee,Palas Samanta,Subinoy Mondal,Debraj Kole,Priyanka Chandra,Apurba Ratan Ghosh 환경독성보건학회 2016 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.31 No.-

Objectives The present study analyzes metal contamination in sediment of the East Kolkata Wetlands, a Ramsar site, which is receiving a huge amount of domestic and industrial wastewater from surrounding areas. The subsequent uptake and accumulation of metals in different macrophytes are also examined in regard to their phytoremediation potential. Methods Metals like cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb) were estimated in sediment, water and different parts of the macrophytes Colocasia esculenta and Scirpus articulatus. Results The concentration of metals in sediment were, from highest to lowest, Mn (205.0±65.5 mg/kg)>Cu (29.9±10.2 mg/kg)>Pb (22.7±10.3 mg/kg)>Cd (3.7±2.2 mg/kg). The phytoaccumulation tendency of these metals showed similar trends in both native aquatic macrophyte species. The rate of accumulation of metals in roots was higher than in shoots. There were strong positive correlations (p <0.001) between soil organic carbon (OC) percentage and Mn (r =0.771), and sediment OC percentage and Pb (r=0.832). Cation exchange capacity (CEC) also showed a positive correlation (p <0.001) with Cu (r=0.721), Mn (r=0.713), and Pb (r=0.788), while correlations between sediment OC percentage and Cu (r=0.628), sediment OC percentage and Cd (r=0.559), and CEC and Cd (r=0.625) were significant at the p <0.05 level. Conclusions Bioaccumulation factor and translocation factors of these two plants revealed that S. articulatus was comparatively more efficient for phytoremediation, whereas phytostabilization potential was higher in C. esculenta .

Evaluation of metal contamination and phytoremediation potential of aquatic macrophytes of East Kolkata Wetlands, India

Khatun, Amina,Pal, Sandipan,Mukherjee, Aloke Kumar,Samanta, Palas,Mondal, Subinoy,Kole, Debraj,Chandra, Priyanka,Ghosh, Apurba Ratan The Korean Society of Environmental Toxicology 2016 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.31 No.-

Objectives The present study analyzes metal contamination in sediment of the East Kolkata Wetlands, a Ramsar site, which is receiving a huge amount of domestic and industrial wastewater from surrounding areas. The subsequent uptake and accumulation of metals in different macrophytes are also examined in regard to their phytoremediation potential. Methods Metals like cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb) were estimated in sediment, water and different parts of the macrophytes Colocasia esculenta and Scirpus articulatus. Results The concentration of metals in sediment were, from highest to lowest, Mn ($205.0{\pm}65.5mg/kg$)>Cu ($29.9{\pm}10.2mg/kg$)>Pb ($22.7{\pm}10.3mg/kg$)>Cd ($3.7{\pm}2.2mg/kg$). The phytoaccumulation tendency of these metals showed similar trends in both native aquatic macrophyte species. The rate of accumulation of metals in roots was higher than in shoots. There were strong positive correlations (p <0.001) between soil organic carbon (OC) percentage and Mn (r =0.771), and sediment OC percentage and Pb (r=0.832). Cation exchange capacity (CEC) also showed a positive correlation (p <0.001) with Cu (r=0.721), Mn (r=0.713), and Pb (r=0.788), while correlations between sediment OC percentage and Cu (r=0.628), sediment OC percentage and Cd (r=0.559), and CEC and Cd (r=0.625) were significant at the p <0.05 level. Conclusions Bioaccumulation factor and translocation factors of these two plants revealed that S. articulatus was comparatively more efficient for phytoremediation, whereas phytostabilization potential was higher in C. esculenta.