생약제제인 이공산(異功散)의 Cisplatin 유도 신장독성 보호 및 항산화 효과

Lee, Kyung-Tae,Ahn, Kyoo-Seok,Chang, Sung-Goo,Oh, Soo-Myung,Jung, Jee-Chang 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Kyung-Tae Lee, Kyoo-Seok Ahn¹, Sung-Goo Chang², Soo-Myung Oh²and Jee-Chang Jung²¹College of Pharmacy, ²Oriental Medicine and ³College of Medicine, and East-West Medical Reserch Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. Preventive and Antioxidative Effects of Crude Drug Preparation(E-kong-san) on Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 201-211, 1999. -Nephroprotective effects of a crude drug-prearation (E-kong-san) were determined from cisplatin on rabbit kidney proximal tubule and human renal cortical cells by MTT assays and sustained glucose consumption on ciplatin-induced human renal cortical tissue. Levels of creatinine and blood ure nitrogen(BUN) in serum after administration of cisplatin(0.75mg/kg,i.p.) to E-kong-san(0.75g/kg/day,p.o.)-pretreated rats were markedly lower compared to those of cisplatin-treated rats. Moreover, the administration of E-kong-san significantly inhibited the loss of body weight of cisplatin injected rts. These findings suggest that E-kong-san on the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity led us to investigate whether the effect of this water extract was a result of anti-oxidation. E-kong-san showed strong free radical scavenger activities on 1,1-dipheny1-2picrylhydrazil(DPPH) radical and xanthine/xanthine oxidase(XOD) generated superoxide anion radical(O2-). We further studied the effects of E-kong-san on lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes induced by enzymatic and nonenzymatic methods. E-kong-san exhibited significant inhibition on both ascorbic acid/Fe2+and ADP/NADPH/Fe3+ induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Based on these results, we suggest that-E-kong-san attenuate the cisplatin induced cytotoxicity and its mechanism can be eplained by antioxidant.

산소유리라디칼이 뇌조직 미크로좀분획의 Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase 활성도에 미치는 영향

오세문(Sae Moon Oh)손영숙(Young Sook Son),최길수(Kil Soo Choi),임정규(Jung Kyoo Lim),정명희(Myung Hee Chung) 대한약리학회 1982 대한약리학잡지 Vol.18 No.2

중추신경계의 혈관폐쇄 또는 충격손상에 의한 허혈병소에서 진행되는 병리적 변화에 산소유리라디칼이 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 시사되고 있다. 저자는 산소유리라디칼이 뇌조직에 미치는 영향 중 특히 신경세포 정지막전위 유지에 중요한 Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase의 활성도에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 산틴산화효소 반응계와 뇌조직미크로좀을 이용하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 미크로좀분획(microsomal fraction)을 산틴과 산틴산화효소와 함께 반응시켰을 때, 분획의 Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase의 활성도는 현저한 불활성화를 보인 반면, Mg⁺⁺-ATPase의 활성도는 별로 영향을 받지 않았다. 이 불활성화는 산틴과 신틴산화효소 중 어느 한 물질이라도 반응계에 존재하지 않는 경우에는 나타나지 않았고, 두 물질이 같이 반응계에 존재할 때 나타났다. 산틴과 산틴산화효소의 반응에서 생성되는 산소유리라디칼들 중, 어떤 것이 Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase불활성화에 관계하고 있는가를 알아보기 위하여, 산수유리라디칼 각각에 대하여 제독작용을 가진 효소나 화학물질을 사용하여 불활성화의 저해유무를 관찰하였다. O^-₂⋅의 제독효소인 superoxide dismutase, H₂O₂의 제독효소인 catalase와 ¹O₂의 제독물질인 1,4-diazabixyclo(2,2,2)octane을 각각 사용하였을 때, 이들 물질들이 농도에 비례하여 Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase의 불활성화가 저해되었다. 그러나 OH⋅의 제독물질인 mannitol은 뚜렷한 효과를 보이지 못했다. 이상의 결과는 산소유리라디칼들 중 O^-₂⋅, H₂O₂ 및 ¹O₂가 Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase의 불활성화에 관계하고 있고, OH⋅는 거의 관계하지 않는다는 것을 시사하여 주었다. 이로 미루어, 산소유리라디칼에 의한 뇌조직 Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase의 불활성화는 뇌 허혈병소에서 관찰되는 신경세로의 기능적 장해를 유발시키는 한 요인으로 사료되었다. The effects of xanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction on brain microsomal Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity were studied to see possible involvement of oxygen free radicals in pathologic change occurring in ischemic state of CNS accompanied by cerebral vascular occlusion or impact injury. When microsomal fraction was incubated with xanthine ana xanthine oxidase, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity of the fraction was markedly inactivated (80% inactivation) whereas btssl Mg⁺⁺-ATPase was much less sensitive (less than 10% inactivation) compared to that of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase. The inactivation was observed only in the presence of both xanthine and xanthine oxidase, not either of them alone, and the extent of inactivation was dependent on the concentration of xanthine. In an attempt to determine which of the oxygen species was responsible for the inactivation, the ability of various scavengers to overcome the inactivation was tested. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and 1,4-diazabicyclo(2,2,2)octane were shown to reverse the inactivation of the ATPase in dose-dependent manner. In contrast, mannitol as well as other OH⋅quenchers were ineffective in limiting oxygen radical-induced inactivation. Thus OO^-₂⋅, H₂O₂ and ¹O₂ were implicated to be mediators involved in the inactivation. Since oxygen radicals are suspected as being a cause of the peroxidative damaging process in train ischemia, the ATPase inactivation by oxygen radicals may be a possible contributing factor which gives rise to functional derangement of nerve cells observed in the pathologic process.

低 사이클 反覆引張을 받는 構造用鋼의 疲勞强度와 疲勞크랙 傳播에 관한 硏究

吳世旭,玉致均,全泰玉,李圭用 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1975 硏究報告 Vol.1 No.1

There has been many unexpected fractures of any steels used widely in many kinds of industries, which cause to a loss of lives and property. This is because the cause of fatigue demage which was not precisely considered In the conventional design. Recently it has been considered that most of fractures occurred in the design of various mechanical structures such as pressure vessels, piping, etc. are the cracks caused by low cycle fatigue. Especially it is very important in presuming the life of notched structural steel to clarify the characteristics of the low cycle fatigue crack propagation of notched structural steel. In this study, some experiments were carried out the domestic structural steel plates with "O"hole, "U" and "V" type notches under low cycle pulsating tension fatigue testing. And then the mechanism and behavior of low cycle fatigue were clarified through the consideration on the notch effect vs. fatigue strength of various notched specimens, the relations between crack propagation rate and stress intensity factor, and on the initiation of fatigue crack and its propagation, etc. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows; (1) At the root radius R=0.25㎜ of "O" hole notch, it has higher fatigue strength and at R≥0.5㎜, almost the same in the S-N curve. But at the smaller "U" and "V" type notch root radius, it has the lower fatigue strength in the S-N curve. (2) The initiation of fatigue crack was occurred at 45~55%, 20~50% and 10~30% through each total fatigue life of the "O" hole, "U" and "V" type notch. The "O" hole notch specimen has almost the same initiation of fatigue crack without regard of notch size, but the "U" and "V" type notch specimens have the lower initiation at the larger notch root radius. (3) The "O" hole notch specimen has the lowest crack propagation rate and the incubation phenomenon of crack propagation rate occurred about 0.3㎜ of crack length. (4) Between the crack propagation rate and stress intensity factor, the value of exponent "m" was 1.11∼2.34. At the smaller root radius of "O" hole notch, the value of exponent "m" becomes the larger, but at the larger root radius of "U" and "V" type notch the value becames the smaller. (5) Propagating crack passes around or branches out on account of inclusions, with out passing through the inclusions. (6) At the smaller root radius of "U" and "V" type notch, the shape of crack propagation became more intricate, but in the case of "O" hole notch, the opposite phenomenon occurred. And at the higher stress level of each notch, the crack propagation tend to be more intricate.

알루미나이징 表面處理한 構造用鋼의 彼勞强度 및 破壞擧動에 관한 硏究

吳世旭,朴春根,全泰玉,全哲昊,周原植,李圭用 東亞大學校 大學院 1978 大學院論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Aluminizing-treated structural steel is excellent in high temperature oxidation resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. So, it has been widely used for the machine parts which have required such properties. However it is difficult to find out any study result of the notched influence on the aluminizing-treated materials and the second diffusion materials. In this investigation the low carbon steel plates with with V-notches were coated with aluminum and made into second diffusion. With these specimcns the bending fatigue strength and fatigue life were observed and also crack propagation of alloy layer was investigated. The results obtained are as follows: 1) On the smoothed specimens a fatigue limit of aluminizing material was lower than the one of raw material, but it was more increased than the one of heat treatment material, and the fatigue limit of second diffusion material was lowest. 2) On the V-notched specimens a fatigue limit of aluminizing material was higher with 44% increase ratio than the one of raw material and with 63% increase ratio than the one of heat treatment material, and the rate of increase became lower increase ratio in a fatigue limit comparing to aluminzing material, with no influence of notch radius. 3) According as the notch radius became smaller, the fatigue limit became. higher on the raw material, it was same on th aluminizing material and lowest on the second diffusion material. 4) Crack initiation period was 0.04% below of fatigue crack life and the full growth period of crack propagation at alloy layer was 0.1%. The crack propagation from alloy layer to matrix was 16% of the fatigue crack life. This means that the crack propagation rate at alloy layer was very fast but the crack delay at the boundary of both was so long. 5) Crack propagation grows through defects, inclusion, peeling and previous boundary.

모 제약회사 근로자들의 직업성 천식 유병률과 약제 분말 노출수준

오성수,최용휴,김은아,이영목,장재길,유장진,박승현,김태균,정수영,김규상,강성규 大韓産業醫學會 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적: 제약회사에서 직업상 천식의 유병 규모를 파악하고 작업공정에 대한 작업환경 측정을 통해 제약회사의 약제 분말에 대한 노출수준을 평가하고자 하였다. 방법: 제약회사에서 약제 분말에 노출되는 근로자를 대상으로 천식을 선별하기 위하여 설문조사 및 진찰, 혈액검사, 폐기능 검사 그리고 피부단자시험을 실시하였고, 각 부서별 공정에 따라서 총분진과 항생제 또는 효소제 분말에 대한 작업환경 측정을 실시하였다. 직업상 천식이 의심되는 근로자에 대하여 기관지과민성에 대한 검사(메타콜린을 이용한 비특이 기관지유발시험)와 약제 분말 기관지유발시험을 실시하여 확진하였다. 결과: 설문조사 및 진찰에서 작업 관련 천식 증상이 있는 근로자는 11명(34.4%)이었고, 약제 분말을 이용한 피부단자시험에서 1+ 이상 반응을 보인 근로자 10명(31.2%)이었다. 비특이 기관지유발시험 결과 8명(25.0%)이 양성(PC20 ≤16 mg/ml)이었다. 약제 분말 기관지유발시험을 통해 직업상 천식으로 확진된 근로자는 5명(15.6%)이었다. 작업환경 측정에서 원료를 충진하거나 투입하는 작업 그리고 정립작업에서 약제 분말에 대한 노출이 많았다. 결론: 제약회사에서 직업상 천식은 주로 제조공정 중 약제 분말에 노출된 근로자에서 발생하여, 증상 및 직업성 천식의 유병률이 높았다. 따라서 원료를 충진 또는 투입하는 작업과 정립작업 등 제조과적에서 약제 분말 노출을 줄이기 위한 세심한 주의가 필요하여, 약제 분말을 취급하는 근로자에 대해서는 천식 증상 조사뿐 아니라 정기적으로 피부단자시험, 비특이 기관지유발시험 등을 실시하여야 할 것이다. Objectives: After the investigation of one worker with occupational asthma, we surveyed the preva- lence of occupational asthma and the exposure level of pharmaceutical dust of 32 workers in a pharmaceutical company. Methods: Thirty-two of the 90 employees participated in the survey which consisted of questionnaire, blood sampling, spirometry and skin prick tests with 8 common allergens as well as 9 antibiotics and 2 enzymes. Various indices of the working environment were also measured. Subjects who had a symptom suggestive of work-related asthma or positive skin prick test were further investigated by PC20 methacholine. Nine subjects who had a PC20 result of 16 mg/ml or less (n=7) or had work-related symptoms and positive skin prick test (n=2) were referred to undergo a specific bronchial provocation test to phar- maceutical dust in an academic allergic disease center. Results: Eleven of 32 workers (34.4%) had a work-related symptom suggestive of occupational asthma. Ten (31.2%) showed positive skin prick test. 8 (25.0%) had a PC20 result of 16 mg/ml or less (indicative of significant bronchial hyperresponsiveness), and 5 (15.6%) had a positive result on the specific bronchial provocation test. Exposure levels of stuffing, input of raw materials and screening process were relatively high. Conclusions: This survey showed that pharmaceutical workers have an increased risk of occupational asthma. Although pharmaceutical factories maintain a relatively good working environment, careful control of respiratory tract exposures, especially during stuffing, input or raw materials and screening process, is important to prevent occupational asthma. Pharmaceutical workers need to undergo regular skin prick and methacholine bronchial provocation tests, as well as asthmatic symptom survey, to ensure the early detection and prevention of occupational asthma.

차량 번호 수신용 RF 통신 수신기 모듈의 설계

장원석,오규창 建陽大學校 1994 建陽論叢 Vol.- No.3

In this paper, we developed RF communication receiver module for receiving plate number of car used in plate number identification system. The receiver module has 89 channels controlled with micro-controller Intel 87C51FA. For received channel selection the module capable of selecting frequency range 253.8625-254.9625㎒ has channel space 12.5㎑ using PLL synthesizer. The designed receiver module was implemented with multi-fuction, small size and low power.

한국 성인을 대상으로 한 전산화 Standard Progressive Matrices의 표준화 예비연구

홍경수,이민수,오병훈,하규섭,유한익,이창욱,연병길,김성윤,신민섭,김재진,권준수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

연구목적 : 전산화 Standard Progressive Matrices(SPM) 검사의 한국인 성인 표준자료를 확립함으로써, 간이로 지능을 평가하는 경우에도 보다 정확하게 지능지수를 추정하기 위해서 본 연구를 수행하였다. 방 법 : 18세 이상의 남녀 정상인 자원자 353명을 대상으로 전산화 SPM 검사를 시행하고, 백분율 및 표준점수(T-점수)를 기준으로 하여 표준화 자료를 작성하였다. 전체 대상군을 성별, 연령별로 구분한 후 평균과·분포가 유사한 집단은 군을 합치는 방법을 사용하였다. 한국인 표준자료에 근거하여 추정한 SPM 지능지수와 외국인 표준자료에 근거하여 추정한 SPM 지능지수를 각각 KWAIS 지능지수와 비교함으로써 타당도를 검증하였다. 결 과 : 18∼30세, 31∼40세, 41∼50세, 51세 이상의 연령군으로 구분된 한국 정상 성인의 SPM 표준화 자료를 산출하였다. 본 연구 결과에 의한 표준화 자료를 적용하여 지능지수를 추정하는 것이 현재 사용하고 있는 외국인의 표준화 자료를 이용하는 것보다 KWAIS 지능지수에 더욱 근접한 결과를 보였다. 결 론 : 18세에서 50세까지의 한국인 남녀에게는 간이지능평가도구로서 전산화 SPM 검사의 한국인 표준화 자료를 유용하고 타당하게 적용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. Objectives : We conducted this study to provide standardized data of the computerized Standard Progressive Matrices(SPM) test in Korean adults. Methods : The computerized SPM test was administered to 353 healthy volunteers aged 18 years over. We provided the standardized data(percentile and standardized T-scores) for the groups with similar mean and distribution of SPM scores, which was originally divided by age and sex. The validity of the new standardized data was tested by comparing IQs estimated by SPM and K-WAIS. Results : The standardized SPM data were provided for four age groups : 18 to 30 years, 31 to 40 years, 41 to 50 years, 51 years and over. IQ estimated by this standardized data tends to be closer to IQ by K-WAIS than the IQ estimated by foreign normative data. Conclusion : The standardized data of the computerized SPM were proven to be a useful and valid tool for measuring IQ briefly, compared with the conventional way of measuring IQ.

급성 심근 경색에서 시행한 관상 동맥 우회술의 조기 결과

지현근,이원용,김응중,두영철,한규록,오동진,임종윤 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.8

이공산(異功散)의 in vitro에서 Cisplatin 유도 신장독성의 감소 효과

정지창,장성구,이경태,노영수,안규석,오수명 慶熙大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

In vitro model systems are increasingly used to investigate the mechanism of chemical-induced toxicity and for toxicological screening of new drug families. The effect of Ekongsan on the cytotoxicity induced by cisplatin on human and rabbit kidney cells was evaluated by tetrazolium-dye(MTT) assay. On the basis of Cl_50 value, cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity on human renal cortical cells was increased depend on concentration, whereas Ekongsan alone did not influence Simultaneous administration of cisplatin and Ekongsan, cytotoxicity of cisplain was reduced depend on the concentration of Ekongsan. With primary cultured proximal tubule cells results to reduce the cisplatin induced-cytotoxicity by Ekongsan was comparable to those with renal cortical cells. Based on these results, Ekongsan may has the potency to protect the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin.

좌심실 수축기 기능장애를 동반한 양수색전증 1예

박대균,홍경순,두영철,한규록,오동진,유규형,임종윤,고영박,이광학,이영,송원근,김현태 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.8