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Two Dimensional Transfer Modes in $CH_2$ Spin System
NamGoong Hyun Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2006 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.10 No.1
Spin-lattice relaxation pathway of $CH_2$ spin system by two dimensional NOESY sequence has been discussed. Two-dimensional spectra governed by dipolar relaxation mechanism were simulated in term of transfer mode, the generalization of conventionally used magnetization mode in one dimension. The transfer matrix directly related to the Redfield relaxation matrix can be constructed by the multiplet of transfer mode. The observable relaxation transfer modes causes to variation of the off-diagonal signal intensity of phase sensitive NOESY spectra from which variable spectral density can be extracted with simple group theoretical calculation. The variation of the J-coupling peak intensity as a function of the mixing time in 2-D spectra for $n-Undecane-5-^{13}C$ and Bromoacetic $2-^{13}C$ acid has been theoretically traced.
( Hyun Namgoong ),( Chaeeun Cho ),( Sewon Lee ) 한국운동영양학회 2018 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.22 No.3
[Purpose] Previous studies have indicated that Kv7 channels have an important role in the regulation of blood vessel reactivity, including in the coronary, renal, and cerebral arteries. The present studies examined whether Kv7 channels regulated vascular reactivity in the mouse aorta and investigated the mechanisms involved in the reactivity. [Methods] Wild-type (WT) male C57BL/6 mice, between 10 and 15 weeks old, were used in this study. The vascular function of the aorta in WT male mice was assessed by using a pin myography system (Model 620; DMT, Denmark). [Results] Vasorelaxation by an endothelial-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine (ACh, 1 nM - 10 μM) and an endothelial-independent vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 1 nM - 10 μM) was induced in the aorta in a dose-dependent manner. Pre-incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME (100 μM, 20 min), completely abolished ACh-induced vasorelaxation, but did not block retigabine-induced vasorelaxation, which suggested that retigabine caused vasorelaxation in the aorta via smooth muscle activation rather than via endothelial cells. Pre-application of the Kv7 channel blocker, linopirdine (10 μM), resulted in a greater contractile response compared with that induced by vehicle in the aorta. In addition, pre-incubation with linopirdine (10 μM, 20 min) reduced retigabine-induced vasorelaxation (1-50 μM). [Conclusion] This study has provided evidence that Kv7 channels may play a role in the regulation of aortic blood flow via smooth muscle activation.
Micro-Chemical Structure of Polyaniline Synthesized by Self-Stabilized Dispersion Polymerization
NamGoong, Hyun,Woo, Dong-Jin,Lee, Suck-Hyun The Polymer Society of Korea 2007 Macromolecular Research Vol.15 No.7
A variety of NMR techniques were applied to the micro-chemical structural characterization of polyanilines prepared via an efficient synthetic method in a self-stabilized dispersion medium in which the polymerization was conducted in a heterogeneous organic/aqueous biphasic system without any stabilizers. Here, the monomer and growing polymer chain were shown to function simultaneously as a stabilizer, imparting compatibility for the dispersion of the organic phase, and as a form of flexible template in an aqueous reaction medium. Polymerizations predicated on this concept generated polyanilines with a low defect content: solution state $^{13}C-NMR$ and solid $^{13}CDD/CP/MAS$ spectroscopy indicated that the synthesized HCPANi and its soluble derivative, HCPANi-t-BOC, evidenced distinctly different NMR spectra with fewer side peaks, as compared to conventionally prepared PANis, and the complete structural assignments of the observed NMR peaks could be determined via the combination of both 1D and 2D techniques. Ortho-linked defects in HCPANi were estimated to be as low as 7%, as shown by a comparison of the integration of the carbonyl carbon resonance peaks.
Hyun Namgoong,Jo Woong Lee Korean Chemical Society 1993 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.14 No.1
In this work we have studied the spin-lattice relaxation of $^{19}$F spins in benzotrifluoride in our quest for a reliable method of discriminating the contribution due to dipolar relaxation mechanism from that due to spin-rotational mechanism for nuclear spins located on methyl or substituted methyl group in organic molecules. Over the temperature range of 248-268 K the decay of normalized longitudinal magnetization was found to be well described by a two parameter equation of the form R(t) = exp(-st){$\frac{5}{6}$exp(-s$_1$)+$\frac{1}{6}$} which was derived under the assumption that interactions in the A3 spin system are modulated randomly and predominantly by internal rotational motions of -CF_3$ top, and it was shown that the separation of contribution due to dipolar interactions from that due to spin-rotation interaction could be successfully achieved by least-square fitting of observed data to this equation. The results indicate that the spin-rotational contribution is overwhelmingly larger than that of dipolar origin over the given temperature range and becomes more deminating at higher temperature.
지능형 에이전트를 위한 제약조건 기반의 시맨틱 웹 서비스 검색
남궁현(Hyun Namgoong),정승우(Seungwoo Jung),김경일(Kyung-il Kim),정문영(Moonyoung Chung),조현성(HyeonSung Cho) 한국정보과학회 2005 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.32 No.2
시맨틱 웹 서비스 검색시스템은 제공자가 기술한 웹 서비스 시맨틱 기술을 웹 서비스 사용자의 요청에 의해 검색하여 사용자에게 반환한다. 이러한 검색은 의미적 비교를 통해 이루어지며, 의미적 비교는 OWL-S[4]와 같은 표준을 통해 기술된 웹 서비스의 입력과 출력, 조건, 효과(Input, Output, Precondition, Effect) 즉, IOPE와 사용자의 요청의 그것에 대해 수행된다. 하지만, 이러한 검색은 때때로 웹 서비스를 이용하여 이용자에게 서비스를 제공하는 지능형 에이전트에게 적합하지 않다. 지능형 에이전트는 웹 서비스의 실행을 위한 입력의 변환과 반환된 출력의 선택을 통해 서비스를 이용 가능하므로 IOPE의 형식에 대한 정확한 일치를 요구하지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 지능형 에이전트에 보다 융통성 있는 검색 서비스의 제공을 위한 제약조건을 기반으로 시맨틱 웹 서비스 검색시스템에 대하여 설명한다.