Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity of Certain 3,4-Disubstituted-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles and Their Hydrazino Derivatives

Udupi, R.H.,Sudheendra, Sudheendra,Bheemachari, Bheemachari,Srinivasulu, N.,Varnekar, Rajesh,Purushottamachar, Puranik Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.12

3-Aryloxy methyl-4-(N-pyrazin-2'yl carboxamido)-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles (3a1-a14) were prepared starting from potassium dithio carbazinates (2a1-a14). These triazoles were then employed in the synthesis of 3-aryloxy methyl-4-(N-pyrazin-2'yl carboxamido)-5-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazoles (4a1-a14). All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by analytical, IR, NMR spectral studies. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Most of the compounds have shown significant antifungal activity while few have shown excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. An attempt is made to study the structure activity relationship (SAR).

Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity of Certain 3,4-Disubstituted-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles and Their Hydrazino Derivatives

R. H. Udupi*,Sudheendra,Bheemachari,N. Srinivasulu,Rajesh Varnekar,Puranik Purushottamachar 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.12

3-Aryloxy methyl-4-(N-pyrazin-2yl carboxamido)-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles (3a1-a14) were prepared starting from potassium dithio carbazinates (2a1-a14). These triazoles were then employed in the synthesis of 3-aryloxy methyl-4-(N-pyrazin-2yl carboxamido)-5-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazoles (4a1-a14). All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by analytical, IR, NMR spectral studies. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Most of the compounds have shown significant antifungal activity while few have shown excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. An attempt is made to study the structure activity relationship (SAR).

WHO Class of Obesity Influences Functional Recovery Post-TKA

Rajesh N Maniar,Parul R Maniar,Tushar Singhi,Bharat Kumar Gangaraju 대한정형외과학회 2018 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.10 No.1

Background: No study in the literature has compared early functional recovery following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the obese with the nonobese using World Health Organization (WHO) classes of obesity. Our aim was to compare functional scores and flexion post-TKA in each class of obesity as per WHO classification against a matched control group of nonobese patients. Methods: Records of 885 consecutive primary TKA patients (919 knees) operated by a single surgeon were reviewed. The first 35 knees in each class I, class II and class III obesity group during the study period were then matched with a similar number of knees in nonobese TKA patients during the same period. Functional scores recorded pre- and postoperatively at 3 months and 1 year were Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) score, and Knee Society Score (KSS). Results: There was no difference in any parameter between the class I obese and matched nonobese at any assessment point. In the class II obese, as compared to the nonobese, there was no difference in any parameter preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. However, 1 year postoperatively, the SF-12 physical subscore was lower in the class II obese than the nonobese (44.7 vs. 48.6, p = 0.047) and the WOMAC score was significantly higher (15.8 vs. 9.7, p = 0.04). In the class III obese, the WOMAC score was significantly higher than the nonobese (58.1 vs. 44.3, p < 0.001 preoperatively; 15.7 vs. 8.1, p = 0.005 at 1 year) and KSS was significantly lower (83.5 vs. 96.5, p = 0.049 preoperatively; 172 vs. 185; p = 0.003 at 1 year). Knee flexion was significantly lower in the class III obese than the nonobese (95 vs. 113; p < 0.001 preoperatively; 120 vs. 127; p = 0.002 at 1 year). Conclusions: The class I obese can expect good early and late functional recovery as the nonobese. The class II obese can expect comparable early functional recovery as the nonobese but their late function may be lesser. The class III obese would have poorer functional scores and lesser knee flexion postoperatively compared to the nonobese. However, compared to their own preoperative status, there is definite improvement in function and knee flexion.

Addition of Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration and On-Site Cytology to EUS-Guided Fine Needle Biopsy Increases Procedure Time but Not Diagnostic Accuracy

Rajesh N. Keswani,Kumar Krishnan,Sachin Wani,Laurie Keefer,Srinadh Komanduri 대한소화기내시경학회 2014 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.47 No.3

Background/Aims: Although the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in pancreas adenocarcinomais high, endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) is often required in other lesions; in these cases, it may bepossible to forgo initial EUS-FNA and rapid on-site cytology evaluation (ROSE). The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracyof EUS-FNB alone (EUS-FNB group) with a conventional sampling algorithm of EUS-FNA with ROSE followed by EUS-FNB(EUS-FNA/B group) in nonpancreas adenocarcinoma lesions. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of subjects who underwent EUS sampling of nonpancreatic adenocarcinoma lesions between February2011 and May 2013. Results: Over the study period, there were 43 lesions biopsied in 41 unique patients in the EUS-FNB group and 53 patients in the EUSFNA/B group. Overall diagnostic accuracy was similar between the EUS-FNB and EUS-FNA/B groups (83.7% vs. 84.9%; p=1.0). In thesubgroup of subepithelial mass lesions, diagnostic accuracy remained similar in the EUS-FNB and EUS-FNA/B groups (81.0% and 70.6%;p=0.7). EUS-FNB procedures were significantly shorter than those in the EUS-FNA/B group (58.4 minutes vs. 73.5 minutes; p<0.0001). Conclusions: EUS-FNB without on-site cytology provides a high diagnostic accuracy in nonpancreas adenocarcinoma lesions. There appearsto be no additive benefit with initial EUS-FNA but this requires further study in a prospective study.

Vitamin D Trajectory after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Method for Quick Correction in Deficient Patients

Rajesh N Maniar,Adit R Maniar,Ditesh Jain,Nishit Bhatnagar,Arpit Gajjar 대한정형외과학회 2021 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.13 No.3

Background: It has been widely reported that vitamin D (vit D) affects preoperative, postoperative, and long-term outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Our aim was to study vit D trajectory after TKA and compare effects of oral versus intramuscular (IM) supplementation in insufficient patients and assess its effects on immediate functional recovery in the first 2 weeks after TKA. Methods: Vit D levels < 30 ng/mL are considered insufficient. We prospectively enrolled 60 patients (20 per group): group I, vit D sufficient patients; group II, vit D insufficient patients given IM supplementation (cholecalciferol 6,00,000 IU); and group III, vit D insufficient patients given oral supplementation (cholecalciferol 600,000 IU). Vit D levels, knee flexion, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test results, and visual analog scale (VAS) score were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively on day 3 and 14. Results: In group I, mean preoperative vit D significantly dropped at postoperative day (POD) 3 and POD 14 (p = 0.001). In group II, mean preoperative vit D rose at POD 3 and rose significantly at POD 14 (p = 0.001). In group III, mean preoperative vit D increased significantly at both POD 3 and POD 14 (p < 0.001). Also, in group III, the rise in vit D was significantly higher than that in group II both at POD 3 and POD 14 (p < 0.05). In group III, 19 of 20 insufficient patients became sufficient on POD 3 and all 20 by POD 14. In group II, even by POD 14, only 11 of 20 insufficient patients became sufficient. Functional parameters (flexion, change in flexion, TUG test results, and VAS score) were comparable (p > 0.05) in all groups. Changes in TUG test showed a significant increase in group II (48.5 seconds) when compared to group I (35.5 seconds) at POD 3 (p < 0.05), suggesting a slower recovery. It remained comparable (p > 0.05) between group III and group I. Conclusions: We found that vit D insufficient patients can be rapidly supplemented on the morning of surgery with a large dose of oral cholecalciferol 600,000 IU, and the effect was consistent over 2 weeks after surgery. Orally supplemented vit D insufficient patients also showed functional recovery comparable to vit D sufficient patients. IM supplementation increased vit D levels only at 2 weeks and the rise was significantly lower than oral supplementation. Interestingly, approximately 25% of vit D sufficient patients who were not supplemented after TKA became insufficient in the first 2 weeks postoperatively.

An Intelligent 2D Secret Share Construction using Visual Cryptography for Secure Transmission

( N. Rajesh Kumar ),( R. Bala Krishnan ),( G. Manikandan ),( N. R. Raajan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.7

Data Security is the most challenging area in Internet communication, where most of the secret sharing schemes are proposed for binary images. But still it lacks in providing security for data communication, especially in image transmission. Traditional visual cryptography scheme generate meaningless diwies and the reconstruction phase leads to quality degradation over the secret image. In this work, an intelligent two dimensional secret share construction scheme is proposed. A secret image is expanded into n diwies with the choice of scheme selection. By Stacking all the qualified diwies to revert the secret image without content loss and less than s* - 1 shares could not reveal any information about the secret image. The experimental results emphasize that the proposed secret share scheme is highly secured for image transmission.

Prognostication of Climate Using Sliding Window Algorithm

D.V.N. Koteswara Rao,M.Anusha,P. Nagendra Babu,M. Divya Sri,N.Rajesh,K. Sandeep Kumar 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.4

Weather forecasting is the task of determining future state of the atmosphere. To predict the future’s weather condition, the variation in the conditions in past years must be utilized. The probability that the weather condition of the day in consideration will match the same day in previous year is very less. But the probability that it will match within the span of adjacent sixty days of previous year is very high. A Sliding window algorithm is emerging as a leading methodology for the application of weather prediction. So, the prediction is made based on sliding window algorithm. So, sixty days are considered for previous year a sliding window is selected of size equivalent to fifteen days. Every thirty days of sliding window is then matched with that of current year’s thirty days in consideration. The best matched window is made to participate in the process of predicting weather conditions. The month wise results are being computed for four months to check the accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate that the applied technique gives better predicted weather conditions are quite efficient with an average accuracy of 94.21%.

Exploring High-Temperature Reliability of 4H-SiC MOSFETs : A Comparative Study of High-K Gate Dielectric Materials

M. V. Ganeswara Rao,N. Ramanjaneyulu,Sumalatha Madugula,N. P. Dharani,K. Rajesh Babu,Kallepelli Sagar 한국전기전자재료학회 2024 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.25 No.2

In this article, we delve into the reliability of various oxide/4H-SiC interfaces when exposed to elevated temperatures and carrier-trapping conditions. Our investigation primarily centers around the impact of diff erent gate dielectric materials on the electrical characteristics of a low breakdown 4H-SiC-based MOSFET. The gate dielectrics under scrutiny include SiO2, Si3N4, AlN, Al2O3, Y2O3, and HfO2. We fi nd that the choice of gate oxide material signifi cantly infl uences the transistor’s performance, with gate oxides possessing higher relative permittivity notably enhancing its characteristics. Among the materials studied, HfO2 emerges as the most promising candidate, demonstrating superior immunity behaviors in the MOSFET. However, the use of HfO2 is associated with increased gate leakage current. To mitigate this drawback, we introduce a thin interfacial layer (2 nm-thick) in the HfO2/4H-SiC MOS structure. Interestingly, two alternative gate stacked dielectrics, involving either SiO2 or Al2O3, prove effective in preserving the transistor’s on-state performance metrics while limiting gate leakage current across the entire range of gate voltages examined. To validate the predictive capabilities of our modeling analysis, we compare our simulation results with experimental data from the literature, and we observe a favorable agreement. This research holds particular signifi cance in applications employing low-power MOSFETs, where reliability and durability are as critical as performance. For instance, in the context of power optimizers for photovoltaic modules, which fall under the category of low-load and low-voltage DC–DC converters, these devices play a pivotal role in enhancing energy generationunder challenging environmental conditions while ensuring long-term reliability.

SYNTHESIS OF CATALYST-FREE AND TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGIES OF CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES USING BOTANICAL HYDROCARBON: CASTOR OIL

RAJESH KUMAR,R. S. TIWARI,O. N. SRIVASTAVA 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2011 NANO Vol.6 No.3

Castor oil (combination of fatty acids) precursor containing hydrocarbon with less amount of oxygen is used first time for synthesis of different carbon nanostructures (i.e., agglomerated carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanobeads and carbon tubular structure). The agglomerated carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanobeads and carbon tubular structure were synthesized by applying CVD method at different temperature using castor oil as new carbon precursor without any catalyst. The synthesis of carbon nanostructure is free from additional catalyst as this hydrocarbon (castor oil) is cheap with abundant sources of carbon. The effect of pyrolysis temperatures on the size, quality and quantity of the synthesized carbon shape were investigated. Interestingly, the morphology of the carbon nanostructures can be controlled in shape from agglomerated carbon nanoparticle to nanobeads to carbon tubular structure just by increasing the temperature from 750°C to 800°C to 850°C, respectively. These nanobeads are chains of uniform size of graphitized carbon spheres. These chains comprised individual carbon particles size of ~ 450 nm. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Aggregation of Unit Commitment with Demand Side Management

Rajesh K.,Visali N. 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.2

Multi-objective unit commitment (MOUC) problem incorporated with price elasticity demand with the participation of residential customers in ancillary service markets having multilevel incentives using hybrid method is proposed. In this paper, the proposed hybrid method is the combination of non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) and population variant diff erential evolution (PVDE) algorithm. The hybrid method is implemented in scheduling thermal units for achieving an optimal value of multi-objective, namely cost and emission. Demand side management has become a key factor in compensating the unreliable situation during peak hours of load demand. Intervention of consumers in incentive based demand response programs (DRP) for diminishing of peak loads in peak times is applied. Demand reduction request (DRR) from entities insists the customers to participate in the DRP based on their comfort level of engaging air conditioners and allocates the incentives, which is benefi cial for both customers and utilities. The proposed method is examined on IEEE thirty nine bus system with ten generators and also on 17 unit system with 50, 80 and 100 percent compromise of customers in DRP.