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Stö,ber, Gerald,Ben-Shachar, Dorit,Cardon, M.,Falkai, Peter,Fonteh, Alfred N.,Gawlik, Micha,Glenthoj, Birte Y.,Grü,nblatt, Edna,Jablensky, Assen,Kim, Yong-Ku,Kornhuber, Johannes,McNeil, Thomas Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2009 The world journal of biological psychiatry Vol.10 No.2
<P>Objective. The phenotypic complexity, together with the multifarious nature of the so-called 'schizophrenic psychoses', limits our ability to form a simple and logical biologically based hypothesis for the disease group. Biological markers are defined as biochemical, physiological or anatomical traits that are specific to particular conditions. An important aim of biomarker discovery is the detection of disease correlates that can be used as diagnostic tools. Method. A selective review of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers in schizophrenia is provided from the central nervous system to phenotypes, functional brain systems, chromosomal loci with potential genetic markers to the peripheral systems. Results. A number of biological measures have been proposed to be correlated with schizophrenia. At present, not a single biological trait in schizophrenia is available which achieves sufficient specificity, selectivity and is based on causal pathology and predictive validity to be recommended as diagnostic marker. Conclusions. With the emergence of new technologies and rigorous phenotypic subclassification the identification of genetic bases and assessment of dynamic disease related alterations will hopefully come to a new stage in the complex field of psychiatric research.</P>
Hedströ,m, Peter,Han, Tong-Seok,Lienert, Ulrich,Almer, Jonathan,Odé,n, Magnus Elsevier 2010 Acta materialia Vol.58 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The lattice strain tensor evolution for single bulk grains of austenite and ferrite in a duplex stainless steel during tensile loading to 0.02 applied strain has been investigated using in situ high-energy X-ray measurements and finite-element modeling. Single-grain X-ray diffraction lattice strain data for the eight austenite and seven ferrite grains measured show a large variation of residual lattice strains, which evolves upon deformation to the point where some grains with comparable crystallographic orientations have lattice strains different by 1.5×10<SUP>−3</SUP>, corresponding to a stress of ∼300MPa. The finite-element simulations of the 15 measured grains in three different spatial arrangements confirmed the complex deformation constraint and importance of local grain environment.</P>
Sirunyan, A. M.,Tumasyan, A.,Adam, W.,Asilar, E.,Bergauer, T.,Brandstetter, J.,Brondolin, E.,Dragicevic, M.,Erö,, J.,Flechl, M.,Friedl, M.,Frü,hwirth, R.,Ghete, V. M.,Hartl, C.,Hö,rmann, N Springer-Verlag 2017 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2017 No.7
<P>A search is performed for third-generation scalar leptoquarks and heavy right-handed neutrinos in events containing one electron or muon, one hadronically decaying tau lepton, and at least two jets, using a root s = 13 TeV pp collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 12: 9 fb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016. The number of observed events is found to be in agreement with the standard model prediction. A limit is set at 95% confidence level on the product of the leptoquark pair production cross section and beta(2), where beta is the branching fraction of leptoquark decay to a tau lepton and a bottom quark. Assuming beta = 1, third-generation leptoquarks with masses below 850 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. An additional search based on the same event topology involves heavy right-handed neutrinos, N-R, and right-handed W bosons, W-R, arising in a left-right symmetric extension of the standard model. In this search, W-R bosons are assumed to decay to a tau lepton and N-R followed by the decay of the N-R to a tau lepton and an off-shell W-R boson. Assuming the mass of the right-handed neutrino to be half of the mass of the right-handed W boson, W-R boson masses below 2.9 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. These results improve on the limits from previous searches for third-generation leptoquarks and heavy right-handed neutrinos with tau leptons in the final state.</P>
Nemestó,thy, Ná,ndor,Bakonyi, Pé,ter,Szentgyö,rgyi, Eszter,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Nguyen, Dinh Duc,Chang, Soon Woong,Kim, Sang-Hyoun,Bé,lafi-Bakó,, Katalin Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.185 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, the enrichment of methane by membrane technology was studied by employing (i) a model as well as (ii) a real biogas mixture produced on a laboratory-scale. Thereafter, the endurance of the process was tested at an existing biogas plant. The commercial gas separation module under investigation contained hollow fiber membranes with a polyimide selective layer. During the measurements, the effect of critical factors (including the permeate-to-feed pressure ratio and the splitting factor) was sought in terms of the (i) CH<SUB>4</SUB> content on the retentate-side and (ii) CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery, which are important measures of biogas upgrading efficiency. The results indicated that a retentate with 93.8 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB> – almost biomethane (>95 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB>) quality – could be obtained using the model gas (consisting of 80 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB> and 20 vol% of CO<SUB>2</SUB>) along with 77.4% CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery in the single-stage permeation system. However, in the case of the real biogas mixture, ascribed primarily to inappropriate N<SUB>2</SUB>/CH<SUB>4</SUB> separation, the peak methane concentration noted was only 80.7 vol% with a corresponding 76% CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery. Besides, longer-term experiments revealed the adequate time-stability of membrane purification, suggesting such a process is feasible under industrial conditions for the improvement of biogas quality.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Membrane gas separation was applied for biogas enrichment. </LI> <LI> Polyimide membrane was investigated to deliver biomethane. </LI> <LI> Significant variables affecting membrane performance were evaluated. </LI> <LI> Process efficiency was dependent on gas composition (model vs. real biogas). </LI> <LI> The gas permeation was steady in longer-terms using real biogas mixture. </LI> </UL> </P>
Collective Force Regulation in Anti-parallel Microtubule Gliding by Dimeric Kif15 Kinesin Motors
Reinemann, Dana N.,Sturgill, Emma G.,Das, Dibyendu Kumar,Degen, Miriam Steiner,Vö,rö,s, Zsuzsanna,Hwang, Wonmuk,Ohi, Ryoma,Lang, Matthew J. Elsevier 2017 Current biology Vol.27 No.18
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>During cell division, the mitotic kinesin-5 Eg5 generates most of the force required to separate centrosomes during spindle assembly. However, Kif15, another mitotic kinesin, can replace Eg5 function, permitting mammalian cells to acquire resistance to Eg5 poisons. Unlike Eg5, the mechanism by which Kif15 generates centrosome separation forces is unknown. Here we investigated the mechanical properties and force generation capacity of Kif15 at the single-molecule level using optical tweezers. We found that the non-motor microtubule-binding tail domain interacts with the microtubule’s E-hook tail with a rupture force higher than the stall force of the motor. This allows Kif15 dimers to productively and efficiently generate forces that could potentially slide microtubules apart. Using an in vitro optical trapping and fluorescence assay, we found that Kif15 slides anti-parallel microtubules apart with gradual force buildup while parallel microtubule bundles remain stationary with a small amount of antagonizing force generated. A stochastic simulation shows the essential role of Kif15’s tail domain for load storage within the Kif15-microtubule system. These results suggest a mechanism for how Kif15 rescues bipolar spindle assembly.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Kif15 transports microtubules in bundles through motor and non-motor coordination </LI> <LI> Kif15’s non-motor microtubule-binding site (Coil-1) is stronger than stall force </LI> <LI> Kif15 generates force in anti-parallel bundles and has a force-feedback mechanism </LI> <LI> Coil-1 tethering is needed for the force ramp and plateau in anti-parallel bundles </LI> </UL> </P>
Proton-hole and core-excited states in the semi-magic nucleus 131In82
Taprogge, J.,Jungclaus, A.,Grawe, H.,Borzov, I. N.,Nishimura, S.,Doornenbal, P.,Lorusso, G.,Simpson, G. S.,Sö,derströ,m, P. -A.,Sumikama, T.,Xu, Z. Y.,Baba, H.,Browne, F.,Fukuda, N.,Gernhä Springer-Verlag 2016 The european physical journal. A, Hadrons and nucl Vol.52 No.11
<P>The decay of the N = 83 nucleus Cd-131 has been studied at the RIBF facility at the RIKEN Nishina Center. The main purpose of the study was to identify the position of the and proton-hole states and the energies of core-excited configurations in the semi-magic nucleus In-131. From the radiation emitted following the decay, a level scheme of In-131 was established and the feeding to each excited state determined. Similarities between the single-particle transitions observed in the decays of the N = 83 isotones In-132 and Cd-131 are discussed. Finally the excitation energies of several core-excited configurations in In-131 are compared to QRPA and shell-model calculations.</P>
Chatrchyan, S.,Khachatryan, V.,Sirunyan, A. M.,Adam, W.,Bergauer, T.,Dragicevic, M.,Erö,, J.,Fabjan, C.,Friedl, M.,Frü,hwirth, R.,Ghete, V. M.,Hartl, C.,Hö,rmann, N.,Hrubec, J.,Jeitler, M. Institute of Physics Pub 2015 The journal of high energy physics Vol.2015 No.3
<P>The production of Z bosons is studied in the dimuon and dielectron decay channels in PbPb and pp collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76TeV, using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The PbPb data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of about 166 mu b(-1), while the pp data sample collected in 2013 at the same nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy has an integrated luminosity of 5.4 pb(-1). The Z boson yield is measured as a function of rapidity, transverse momentum, and collision centrality. The ratio of PbPb to pp yields, scaled by the number of inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions, is found to be 1.06 +/- 0.05 (stat) +/- 0.08 (syst) in the dimuon channel and 1.02 +/- 0.08 (stat) +/- 0.15 (syst) in the dielectron channel, for centrality-integrated Z boson production. This binary collision scaling is seen to hold in the entire kinematic region studied, as expected for a colourless probe that is unaffected by the hot and dense QCD medium produced in heavy ion collisions.</P>
Khachatryan, V.,Sirunyan, A. M.,Tumasyan, A.,Adam, W.,Bergauer, T.,Dragicevic, M.,Erö,, J.,Friedl, M.,Frü,hwirth, R.,Ghete, V. M.,Hartl, C.,Hö,rmann, N.,Hrubec, J.,Jeitler, M.,Kiesenhofer, American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.92 No.11
<P>The per-event yield of the highest transverse momentum charged particle and charged-particle jet, integrated above a given p(T)(min) threshold starting at p(T)(min) = 0.8 and 1 GeV, respectively, is studied in pp collisions at root s = 8 TeV. The particles and the jets are measured in the pseudorapidity ranges vertical bar n vertical bar < 2.4 and 1.9, respectively. The data are sensitive to the momentum scale at which parton densities saturate in the proton, to multiple partonic interactions, and to other key aspects of the transition between the soft and hard QCD regimes in hadronic collisions.</P>
Chatrchyan, S.,Khachatryan, V.,Sirunyan, A. M.,Tumasyan, A.,Adam, W.,Bergauer, T.,Dragicevic, M.,Erö,, J.,Fabjan, C.,Friedl, M.,Frü,hwirth, R.,Ghete, V. M.,Hö,rmann, N.,Hrubec, J.,Jeitler, Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2013 The European physical journal. C, Particles and fi Vol.73 No.12
<P>Characteristics of multi-particle production in proton-proton collisions at [FORMULA OMISSION] are studied as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity, <I>N</I><SUB>ch</SUB>. The produced particles are separated into two classes: those belonging to jets and those belonging to the underlying event. Charged particles are measured with pseudorapidity |<I>η</I>|<2.4 and transverse momentum <I>p</I><SUB>T</SUB>>0.25 GeV/<I>c</I>. Jets are reconstructed from charged-particles only and required to have <I>p</I><SUB>T</SUB>>5 GeV/<I>c</I>. The distributions of jet <I>p</I><SUB>T</SUB>, average <I>p</I><SUB>T</SUB> of charged particles belonging to the underlying event or to jets, jet rates, and jet shapes are presented as functions of <I>N</I><SUB>ch</SUB> and compared to the predictions of the <SMALL>PYTHIA</SMALL> and <SMALL>HERWIG</SMALL> event generators. Predictions without multi-parton interactions fail completely to describe the <I>N</I><SUB>ch</SUB>-dependence observed in the data. For increasing <I>N</I><SUB>ch</SUB>, <SMALL>PYTHIA</SMALL> systematically predicts higher jet rates and harder <I>p</I><SUB>T</SUB> spectra than seen in the data, whereas <SMALL>HERWIG</SMALL> shows the opposite trends. At the highest multiplicity, the data–model agreement is worse for most observables, indicating the need for further tuning and/or new model ingredients.</P>
Taprogge, J.,Jungclaus, A.,Grawe, H.,Nishimura, S.,Xu, Z.Y.,Doornenbal, P.,Lorusso, G.,Ná,cher, E.,Simpson, G.S.,Sö,derströ,m, P.-A.,Sumikama, T.,Baba, H.,Browne, F.,Fukuda, N.,Gernh&aum North-Holland Pub. Co 2014 Physics letters. Section B Vol.738 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The decay of an isomeric state in the neutron-rich nucleus <SUP>129</SUP>Cd has been observed via the detection of internal conversion and Compton electrons providing first experimental information on excited states in this nucleus. The isomer was populated in the projectile fission of a <SUP>238</SUP>U beam at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN. From the measured yields of <I>γ</I>-rays and internal conversion electrons, a multipolarity of <I>E</I>3 was tentatively assigned to the isomeric transition. A half-life of <SUB> T 1 / 2 </SUB> = 3.6 ( 2 ) ms was determined for the new state which was assigned a spin of ( 21 / <SUP> 2 + </SUP> ) , based on a comparison to shell model calculations performed using state-of-the-art realistic effective interactions.</P>