Therapeutic Potential of Natural Product-Based Oral Nanomedicines for Stroke Prevention

Tatsushi Mutoh,Tomoko Mutoh,Yasuyuki Taki,Tatsuya Ishikawa 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.6

Cerebral stroke is the leading cause of death and permanent disability in elderly persons. The impaired glucose and oxygen transport to the brain during ischemia causes bioenergetic failure, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, bloodbrain barrier dysfunction, and eventually cell death. However, the development of effective therapies against stroke has been hampered by insufficient oral absorption of pharmaceuticals and subsequent delivery to the brain. Nanotechnology has emerged as a new method of treating cerebral diseases, with the potential to fundamentally change currently available therapeutic approaches using compounds with low bioavailability. This perspective review provides an overview of the therapeutic potential of oral nanomedicines for stroke, focusing on novel natural product-loaded delivery system with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Cyclooxygenase 2 in Gastric Carcinoma Is Expressed in Doublecortin- and CaM Kinase-Like-1-Positive Tuft Cells

( Hiroyuki Mutoh ),( Miho Sashikawa ),( Hirotsugu Sakamoto ),( Tomoko Tateno ) 대한소화기학회 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.5

Background/Aims: Doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 (DCAMKL1) is a marker of stem cells expressed predominantly in the crypt base in the intestine. However, DCAMKL1- positive cells have been shown to be differentiated tuft cells rather than quiescent progenitors. Tuft cells are the only epithelial cells that express cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in the normal intestinal epithelium. We previously generated Cdx2- transgenic mice as model mice for intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma. In the current study, we investigated the association between COX-2 and DCAMKL1 in gastric carcinoma. Methods: We examined the association between COX- 2 and DCAMKL1 expression in gastric carcinomas in clinical samples (early gastric well-differentiated adenocarcinoma) and Cdx2-transgenic mice; and the DCAMKL1-transgenic mouse stomach using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The COX- 2-expressing cells were scattered, not diffusely expressed, in gastric carcinomas from humans and Cdx2-transgenic mice. DCAMKL1-positive cells were also scattered in the gastric carcinomas, indicating that tuft cells could still be present in gastric carcinoma. COX-2 was expressed in DCAMKL1- positive tuft cells in Cdx2- and DCAMKL1-transgenic mouse stomachs, whereas the Sox9 transcription factor was ubiquitously expressed in gastric carcinomas, including COX-2- positive cells. Conclusions: COX-2 is expressed in DCAMKL1- expressing quiescent tuft cells in gastric carcinoma. (Gut Liver 2014;8:508-518)

New Methods to Suppress EMI Noises in the Motor Drive System

Nobuyoshi Mutoh,Mitsukatsu Ogata,Kayhan Gulez,Fumio Harashima 전력전자학회 2001 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2001 No.10

New methods are studied that can suppress EMI noises, especially common mode currents produced in the motor drive system One is a packaging technique that forms power converters using a four-layer printed power circuit board The other is a method based on the generation mechanism of common mode currents which was developed from experimental analyses It is proved by experiments that the former can effectively control common mode currents, including radiated emissions, and the latter can suppress them without any compensators between the inverter and the motor.<br/>

SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN A SMALL HERD OF JAPANESE BLACK CATTLE IN A DRY-LOT

Nakanishi, Y.,Mutoh, Y.,Umetsu, R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.1

Behaviour of 7 horned Japanese Black Cattle (3-9 years old) kept in a $450m^2$ dry-lot under loose housing condition was observed in the daytime (0930-1730 h) during 3 consecutive days. Eating and lying behaviour of cattle and the positions of all animals when lying together were recorded at 10-min intervals. Agonistic encounters and social licking interactions in the herd were also recorded. The cattle established a social hierarchy which was near linear. An irregularity in the diurnal rhythm of lying behaviour was found on the 3rd day, which appeared to be caused by oestrus behaviour of a herdmate. Eating frequency showed greater variation among individuals than lying frequency, and the most dominant animal ate most frequently in the herd. The spatial pattern of the herd when lying indicated a relatively loose dispersion in the lot. Higher ranking cattle tended to lie down more frequently near the hay rack in the lot, so that lower ranking animals had more difficult access to feed. Cattle with more social licking interactions had a tendency to lie down near each other irrespective of proximity of social order, therefore it was suggested that social preference among particular individuals occurred in the herd.

Wnt5a plays a crucial role in determining tooth size during murine tooth development.

Cai, Jinglei,Mutoh, Noriko,Shin, Jeong-Oh,Tani-Ishii, Nobuyuki,Ohshima, Hayato,Cho, Sung-Won,Jung, Han-Sung Springer 2011 Cell and tissue research Vol.345 No.3

<P>We have previously demonstrated that tooth size is determined by dental mesenchymal factors. Exogenous bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)4, Noggin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)3 and FGF10 have no effect on tooth size, despite the expressions of Bmp2, Bmp4, Fgf3, Fgf10 and Lef1 in the dental mesenchyme. Among the wingless (Wnt) genes that are differentially expressed during tooth development, only Wnt5a is expressed in the dental mesenchyme. The aims of the present study were to clarify the expression pattern of Wnt5a in developing tooth germs and the role of Wnt5a in the regulation of tooth size by treatment with exogenous WNT5A with/without an apoptosis inhibitor on in vitro tooth germs combined with transplantation into kidney capsules. Wnt5a was intensely expressed in both the dental epithelium and mesenchyme during embryonic days 14-17, overlapping partly with the expressions of both Shh and Bmp4. Moreover, WNT5A retarded the development of tooth germs by markedly inducing cell death in the non-dental epithelium and mesenchyme but not widely in the dental region, where the epithelial-mesenchymal gene interactions among Wnt5a, Fgf10, Bmp4 and Shh might partly rescue the cells from death in the WNT5A-treated tooth germ. Together, these results indicate that WNT5A-induced cell death inhibited the overall development of the tooth germ, resulting in smaller teeth with blunter cusps after tooth-germ transplantation. Thus, it is suggested that Wnt5a is involved in regulating cell death in non-dental regions, while in the dental region it acts as a regulator of other genes that rescue tooth germs from cell death.</P>

FPGA Design of Audio Signal Level Compressor

Shugang Wei,Takuya Mutoh 대한전자공학회 2004 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2004 No.7

ORiginal Article : SOX9 Is Highly Expressed in Nonampullary Duodenal Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma in Humans

( Hirotsugu Sakamoto ),( Hiroyuki Mutoh ),( Yoshimasa Miura ),( Miho Sashikawa ),( Hironori Yamamoto ),( Kentaro Sugano ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.5

Background/Aims: SOX9 is a marker for stem cells in the intestine, and overexpression of SOX9 is found in gastric and colon cancer; however, the expression of SOX9 in non-ampullary duodenal adenoma and adenocarcinoma has not yet been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate SOX9 expression in nonampullary duodenal adenoma and adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Methods: We evaluated SOX9 expression in 43 clinical samples (nonam-pullary duodenal adenoma in 22 lesions and nonampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma in 21 lesions) resected under endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection. Results: SOX9 was expressed in part of the base of the normal duodenal mucosa surrounding adenomas and adenocarcinomas. In contrast, SOX9-positive cells were found in more than half of the crypts from the bottom part of the crypt in all of the 43 samples. Moreover, in 15 adenoma samples (68.2%) and 19 carcinoma samples (90.5%), SOX9 was expressed in more than three-quarters of the crypts from the bottom part of the crypt. Conclusions: SOX9 is over-expressed in nonampullary duodenal adenoma and adeno-carcinoma in humans. (Gut Liver 2013;7:513-518)

Breed Discrimination Using DNA Markers Derived from AFLP in Japanese Beef Cattle

Sasazaki, S.,Imada, T.,Mutoh, H.,Yoshizawa, K.,Mannen, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.8

In the meat industry, correct breed information in food labeling is required to assure meat quality. Genetic markers provide corroborating evidence to identify breed. This paper describes the development of DNA markers to discriminate between Japanese Black and F1 (Japanese Black${\times}$Holstein) breeds. The amplified fragment length polymorphism method was employed to detect candidate markers absent in Japanese Black but present in Holstein. The 1,754 primer combinations yielded eleven markers that were converted into single nucleotide polymorphism markers for high-throughput genotyping. The allele frequencies in both breeds were investigated for discrimination ability using PCR-RFLP. The probability of identifying F1 was 0.9168 and probability of misjudgment was 0.0066 using four selected markers. The markers could be useful for discriminating between Japanese Black and F1 and would contribute to the prevention of falsified breed labeling of meat.

Secondary buckling analysis of spherical caps

Kato, Shiro,Chiba, Yoshinao,Mutoh, Itaru Techno-Press 1997 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.5 No.6

The aim of this paper is to investigate the secondary buckling behaviour and mode-coupling of spherical caps under uniformly external pressure. The analysis makes use of a rotational finite shell element on the basis of strain-displacement relations according to Koiter's shell theory (Small Finite Deflections). The post-buckling behaviours after a bifurcation point are analyzed precisely by considering multi-mode coupling between several higher order harmonic wave numbers: and on the way of post-buckling path the positive definiteness of incremental stiffness matrix of uncoupled modes is examined step by step. The secondary buckling point that has zero eigen-value of incremental stiffness matrix and the corresponding secondary mode are obtained, moreover, the secondary post-buckling path is traced.

ANALYSIS O RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN A TEST FURNACE USING WIDE-BAND MODEL AND ITS COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENTS

Takamitu Yoshimoto,Tatsuyuki Okamoto,Tetuo Mutoh,Toshimi Takagi 대한기계학회 1996 KSME/JSME THERMAL and FLUID Engineering Conference Vol.3 No.1