Caregiver Burden in Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Comparative Study

Mustafa Yıldız,Yasemin Demir,Ays¸ e Kırcalı,Aysel I ncedere 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.12

Objective There is no study comparing schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in terms of caregiver burden. This study aims to compare the caregiver burden among family members of the patients with schizophrenia and ASD and investigate the predictive factors.Methods A cross-sectional study with the family members living with and/or providing care to their patients was carried out. A sociodemographic form, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Self-Stigma Inventory for Families, and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale were utilized. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the predictive factors for higher burden.Results Caregiver burden in ASD was significantly higher than in schizophrenia. Regression analysis showed that the predictors of high caregiver burden were the need for self-care (OR=3.6), self-destructive behaviors (OR=3.4), self-stigma (OR=1.1), depression (OR=1.1), and level of income (OR=1.0) for all family members. When the diagnosis was removed from the equation, the factors determining the high burden did not change.Conclusion This study suggests that characteristics of the illness are stronger predictors than family members’ characteristics in explaining high caregiver burden for both illnesses. Psychological, social, and economic supports should be provided for families to help alleviate their caregiving burden.

Simultaneous ICP-OES determination of trace metals in water and food samples after their preconcentration on silica gel functionalized with N-(2-aminoethyl)-2,3-dihydroxybenzaldimine

Esra Durduran,Huseyin Altundag,Mustafa Imamoglu,Salih Zeki Yıldız,Mustafa Tuzen 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.27 No.-

Silica gel was functionalized with N-(2-aminoethyl)-2,3-dihydroxybenzaldimine group (AEDHB-SG) andcharacterized by elemental analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. Preconcentration conditions of Cd(II), Cu(II),Ni(II) and Pb(II) were investigated on the AEDHB-SG loaded column using a solid phase extractiontechnique. The effects of parameters such as the pH, sample volume, flow rates, matrix ions wereexamined. Adsorption capacity of AEDHB-SG for Cd(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) was 0.40, 0.56, 0.50 and0.23 mmol g 1. The accuracy of the developed method was confirmed by certified reference materials. Optimized method was applied to water and food samples for the determination of trace metals usingICP-OES.

Properties and Corrosion Resistance of AISI H13 Hot-Work Tool Steel with Borided B4C Powders

Ali Günen,İsmail Hakki Karahan,Mustafa Serdar Karakaş,Bülent Kurt,Yusuf Kanca,Vedat Veli Çay,Murat Yıldız 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.9

In this study, the surface of AISI H13 steel was borided with powder blends of B4Cand NaBF4using the powder-pack methodat 800, 900 and 1000 °C for 2, 4 and 6 h. The structural and mechanical characteristics of the boride layers formed on thesurface were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, 2Dsurface profilometry, microhardness and electrochemical corrosion (3.5 wt% NaCl) tests. The boride layer exhibited a singlephase structure (Fe2B) in samples coated at 800 °C and a dual-phase structure (FeB + Fe2B) at higher boriding temperatures(900 and 1000 °C). The boride layers were compact and crack-free in all boriding conditions. Depending on boridingparameters, the thickness, hardness and average surface roughness (Ra) of the coatings were found to range between 5.81and 102.46 μm, 1635–1915 HV and 0.315–0.650 μm, respectively. The borided AISI H13 steel displayed up to 33.5 timesand 2.4 times higher corrosion resistance than untreated AISI H13 steel and martensitic AISI 431 steel, respectively. Thissuggests potential use of borided AISI H13 steel in the steam turbines and marine applications as an alternative to the morecostly martensitic and duplex stainless steel grades. The corrosion resistance depended on the phase structure (single- ordual-layer), density, thickness and surface roughness of the boride coatings.

Apelin Levels In Isolated Coronary Artery Ectasia

Mehmet Zihni Bilik,İbrahim Kaplan,Abdulkadir Yıldız,Mehmet Ata Akıl,Halit Acet,Murat Yüksel,Nihat Polat,Mesut Aydın,Mustafa Oylumlu,Faruk Ertaș,Hasan Kaya,Sait Alan 대한심장학회 2015 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.45 No.5

Background and Objectives: The etiopathogenesis of coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is not known completely. In most of the cases, CAE is associated with atherosclerosis; however, isolated CAE has a nonatherosclerotic mechanism. The association between atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and apelin has been examined in previous studies. However, the role of plasma apelin in isolated coronary artery ectasia has not been studied. In this study, we investigated the relationship between plasma apelin levels and isolated coronary artery ectasia. Subjects and Methods: The study population included a total of 54 patients. Twenty-six patients had isolated CAE (53.6±8.1 years); 28 patients with normal coronary arteries (51.6±8.8 years) and with similar risk factors and demographic characteristics served as the control group. Apelin levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. Results: Apelin level in the CAE group was significantly lower (apelin=0.181±0.159 ng/mL) than that in the control group (apelin=0.646±0.578 ng/mL) (p=0.033). Glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: In this study, we showed that patients with isolated CAE have decreased plasma apelin levels compared with the control group. Based on the data, a relationship between plasma apelin and isolated CAE was determined.

The Factors Affecting the Relationship between Remission Status and Employment in Chronic Schizophrenia Patients

Burcu Rahs¸ an Erim,Hamid Boztas¸,Mustafa Yıldız,Ersin Uygun 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.11

Objective Symptomatic remission have substantial effects in long-term schizophrenia outcome, but exact determinants of the employment. In this study, the relationship between employment and symptomatic remission in chronic schizophrenia patients and other factors related to employment were investigated. Methods 100 patients interviewed were evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Functional Recovery Scale in Schizophrenia (FROGS), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Quality of Life Scale (QoL) and Subjective Recovery Assessment Scale (SubRAS). Sociodemographic variables, clinical features, antipsychotic dose and past working history obtained from patient interviews were investigated. Results The patients of 40% who participate in the study were symptomatic remission, but only 53.5% of these patients weren’t employed. Young age, especially, -regardless of the onset of illness- working a job in the past, low and moderate use CPED (equivalent doses according to chlorpromazine), shorter disease duration, symptomatic remission was found to be closely related to employment. While QoL, FROGS, GAF, and SubRAS total scores of employment group were higher than the unemployment group, PANSS total scores in the unemployment group were higher than that of the employment group. There was a high correlation between the scales and employment status. Conclusion Employment status was closely related with the remission status. This study supports that symptomatic remission alone is not decisive for employment. It was found that younger age, past working history (before or after the disease), low and intermediate CPED antipsychotic use and shorter duration of disease were closely related to employment with symptomatic remission.

A novel method for high-frequency transgenic shoot regeneration via Agrobacterium tumefaciens in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Ramazan Beyaz,E. Selcen Darçın,Murat Aycan,Mustafa Kayan,Mustafa Yıldız 한국식물생명공학회 2016 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.43 No.2

In this study, routinely used transformation method, which includes transferring explants onto co-cultivation medium after inoculating them with bacterial solution for a while, was compared with 3 different inoculation methods. In every 3 methods, hypocotyl explants excised from 7-day-old sterile flax seedlings having cotyledon leaves and no root system dried under air flow in sterile cabin for 35 min were inoculated with different volumes of bacterial solution at different inoculation periods. GV2260 line of Agrobacterium tumefaciens having ‘pBIN 19’ plasmid containing npt II (neomycin phosphotransferase II) gene and GUS reporter gene was used in transformation studies. After inoculation, hypocotyl segments of seedlings (0.5 cm in length) - were excised and left to co-cultivation for 2 days. Then, explants were transferred to regeneration medium supplemented with different antibiotics. The presence of npt-II and GUS genes in transformants was confirmed by PCR and GUS analysis. The highest results in all characters examined in all cultivars were obtained from the 2 inoculation method in which hypocotyls excised from seedlings inoculated with 500 μl of bacterial solution after drying in sterile cabin for 35 min were used.