가미소염탕(加味消炎湯)이 Monosodium Iodoacetate로 유발된 흰쥐의 골관절염에 미치는 영향

김용문 ( Yong Mun Kim ),정수현 ( Su Hyeon Jeong ),김순중 ( Soon Joong Kim ),서일복 ( Il Bok Seo ) 한방재활의학과학회 2008 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Objectives : This study was to investigate the effects of Gamisoyeoum-tang(Jiaweixiaoyan-tang) on the monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. Methods : Monosodium iodoacetate induced arthritic rats were divided into control and treated group. Control group was taken distilled water for 20 days. Treated group was taken extracts of Gamisoyeoum-tang(Jiaweixiaoyan-tang) by orally for same duration. Normal group was injected with normal saline and was taken distilled water. Body weights were measured at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 days after injection. At the end of experiment, gross and histopathological examination on the articular cartilages of the knee joints were performed. Contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in synovial fluids and proteoglycan contents of articular cartilages were analysed. COX-2 and iNOS immunohistochemical examination on the knee joints were performed. Results : 1. Body weights of the treated group were significantly increased compared with control group at 20 days after injection. 2. Grossly, the severity of osteoarthritis in the treated group were alleviated compared with control group. 3. PG contents in articular cartilages of the treated group were significantly increased compared with control group. 4. Histopathologically, degenerative and necrotic lesion of articular cartilages in the treated group were alleviated compared with those of the control group. 5. IL-1β contents in synovial fluids of the treated group were significantly decreased compared with control group. 6. Positive reactions of COX-2 in chondrocytes and synovial membranes of the treated group were decreased compared with the control group. Conclusions : On the basis of these results, we concluded that Gamisoyeoum-tang(Jiaweixiaoyan-tang) has anti-arthritic effects on the monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats. And it`s effects were related with reduced secretion of IL-1β and COX-2 from osteoarthritic chondrocytes and synovial membranes.

Triptolide suppresses interleukin-1beta-induced human beta-defensin-2 mRNA expression through inhibition of transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB in A549 cells.

Jang, Byeong-Churl,Lim, Ki-Jo,Choi, In-Hak,Suh, Min-Ho,Park, Jong-Gu,Mun, Kyo-Chul,Bae, Jae-Hoon,Shin, Dong-Hoon,Suh, Seong-Il D.A. Spandidos 2007 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.19 No.5

<P>The immunosuppressive effect of triptolide has been associated with suppression of T-cell activation. However, the immunosuppressive effects of triptolide on innate immunity in the epithelial barrier remain to be elucidated. Human beta-defensin (HBD)-2 is an inducible antimicrobial peptide and plays an important role in the innate immunity. We have previously demonstrated that IL-1beta induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in A549 cells through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) transcriptional factor as well as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), or phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). In this study, we investigated effects of triptolide on IL-1beta-induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in A549 cells. Triptolide inhibited IL-1beta-induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of triptolide did not suppress activation of p38 MAPK, JNK, or PI3K in response to IL-1beta. Triptolide inhibited IL-1beta-induced MAPK phosphatase-1 expression at the transcriptional level and resulted in sustained phosphorylation of JNK or p38 MAPK, explaining the little effect of triptolide on IL-1beta-induced phosphorylation of these kinases. Although triptolide partially suppressed IL-1beta-mediated degradation of IkappaB-alpha and nuclear translocation of p65 NF-kappaB, triptolide potently inhibited NF-kappaB promoter-driven luciferase activity in A549 cells. These results collectively suggest that the inhibitory effect of triptolide on IL-1beta-induced HBD-2 mRNA expression in A549 cells seems to be at least in part mediated through nuclear inhibition of NF-kappaB transcriptional activity, but not inhibition of p38 MAPK, JNK, or PI3K. This inhibition may explain the ability of triptolide to diminish innate immune response.</P>

Regulation of UVB-Induced IL-8 and MCP-1 Production in Skin Keratinocytes by Increasing Vitamin C Uptake via the Redistribution of SVCT-1 from the Cytosol to the Membrane

Kang, Jae Seung,Kim, Ha Na,Jung, Da Jung,Kim, Jee Eun,Mun, Ga Hee,Kim, Yeong Seok,Cho, Daeho,Shin, Dong Hoon,Hwang, Young-Il,Lee, Wang Jae Williams & Wilkins 2007 The Journal of investigative dermatology Vol.127 No.3

It is well known that UVB (290–320 nm) induces inflammation in skin by the transcription and release of cytokines and chemokines from skin keratinocytes. In addition, it is considered that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in UVB-induced inflammatory response in the skin. Therefore, we investigated the effect of vitamin C, a potent antioxidant, on the regulation of UVB-induced skin inflammation via the modulation of chemokines production. Vitamin C uptake into keratinocytes is increased by UVB irradiation in a time- and dose-dependent manner through the translocation of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-1 (SVCT-1), a vitamin C-specific transporter, from the cytosol to the membrane. To evaluate the effect of vitamin C on the chemokine mRNA expression, we performed RNase protection assay. As a result, there was a remarkable change in chemokine mRNA expression, especially IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 expression. In addition, increased IL-8 and MCP-1 mRNA expressions were suppressed by vitamin C treatment. We also confirmed the results of protein levels measured by ELISA. Taken together, vitamin C uptake is increased in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes through the translocation of SVCT-1 and regulates inflammatory response in the skin via the downregulation of IL-8 and MCP-1 production.Journal of Investigative Dermatology (2007) 127, 698–706. doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700572; published online 28 September 2006

골수이식 후 사이토카인과 골교체 생화학적표지자의 변화 및 상관관계

민우성,강무일,한제호,강성구,오기원,이원영,김혜수,문성대,손현식,신완식,김춘추,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.1

Background : Loss of bone mass is usually detected after BMT. The causes of bone loss are related with gonadal dysfunction and immunosuppressants. Cytokines, especially IL-6, play an important role in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, the pathogenetic role of cytokines in post-BMT bone loss is unknown and data on the changes of cytokines in accordance with bone turnover markers are scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of bone turnover markers and cytokines of peripheral blood and bone marrow before and after allogeneic BMT. Methods : This prospective study included two analyses. The first was a study of 46 BMT recipients, examining the relationship between bone turnover markers and cytokines of serum which were measured before and 1, 2, 3, 4 week and 3 months after BMT. The second was a study of 14 BMT patients, measuring bone marrow plasma cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-? at post-BMT 3 week and bone turnover marker at the same time to assess the relationship beween two parameters. Results : Serum ICTP, bone resorption marker, increased progressively until 4 weeks (peak) after BMT and then decreased thereafter. Serum osteocalcin, bone formation marker, decreased progressively until 3 weeks after BMT and then increased thereafter. There was positive correlation between serum ICTP and bone marrow IL-6 levels at the post-BMT 3 week with a statistical significance, but the correlation between bone turnover markers and bone marrow TNF-? or peripheral blood cytokines was not found. Conclusion : Our data suggest that the progressive increase of bone resorption after BMT is related with the increase of bone marrow IL-6, which is a potent stimulator of bone resorption in vivo(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 15:85-96, 2000).

동북아 한문학의 정립과 그 문화적 의미

문일환 慶北大學校 退溪硏究所 2004 退溪學과 韓國文化 Vol.- No.35-1

중국의 한자, 한문이 조선에 전파되기 시작한 것은 명확한 역사기록이 없어 문헌적으로는 입증할 수 없으나 위만조선시대부터는 거래가 있었을 것으로 추정된다. 기원전 108년에 중국의 한무제가 이른바 한사군을 설치하였으니 이 때에 이르러서는 한자, 한문이 상당히 보급·사용되었을 것이라 짐작된다. 삼국시기 한자, 한문의 능란한 구사는 마침내 조선 한문학의 기원을 열어놓게 되었다. 이어 중국문학은 조선 한문학 발전에 보다 직접적인 영향을 주게 되어 각 시대 혹은 시기마다 크고 작은 영향을 받게 되었다. 일본의 경우 한자가 전해진 것은 대개 4세기 초로 예측되나 그것을 문학창작에 이용하게 된 것은 7세기 이후였다. 한자, 한문의 전파는 단순한 언어문자의 전달에 그친 것이 아니라 아직 미개화시기에 처해 있던 기타 동북아지역에 새로운 문명시대를 열어놓았음을 의미한다. 언어의 전파와 함께 중국문화의 영향은 각 지역의 사회, 정치, 경제, 과학기술, 철학사상 등 여러 분야로 확충되었다. 한자, 한문의 보급은 각 지역에서 나름의 방식으로 다양하게 발전하며 한문학의 전통을 확립하게 되었다 한문학의 전통확립은 언어적 차원에서 그치는 것이 아니라 한문화라는 보다 포괄적인 수용과 전통확립을 보여준다. 한문학은 동북아지역에서 한문화의 영향과 더불어 각 단계를 거치면서 발전을 거듭해 왔다. 그 중 가장 핵심을 이루고 있는 것은 불교문화와 유교, 유학문화라 하겠다. 이 역시 동북아지역문화의 핵심이며 그 근간이라 할 수 있다. 불교가 각 지역의 정신문화와 물질문화 등에 결정적 역할을 하였다면 정치, 문화, 교육 등 영역에서 보다 주도적인 역할을 한 것은 유학이라 본다. 이어 유학은 동북아지역문화의 주류를 이루게 되었으며 드디어 이른바 '동북아유교문화권'을 형성하게 되었다. 유학이 사회발전, 동북아지역 제 민족정신, 학술문화의 발전 등에 긍정적 역할을 미쳤지만 유학의 부정적 측면에 대해서도 간과해서는 안 될 것이다. Chinese Characters were imported since Wiman Choso^n period around A.D.108. During Three Kingdom period, Korean were likely to concerned with Chinese literature. The Chinese Characters not only brought linguistic changes in Korean language system but also influence on many fields like the society, politics, and philosophy. As this imported Chinese Characters were combined into the indigenous cultures since then, it also had its own tradition in Korea. On the other hand, the Chinese Literature encouraged the cultural base of Buddhism and Confucianism. While Buddhism inspired many changes in the philosophy and mentality, Confucianism functioned primarily on practical fields such as politics, education, and culture.

農村經濟의 近代化 方案 및 改善策

文日盛 全北大學校 商科大學 聯合學會 1967 經商學報 Vol.4 No.-

이미지 검색을 위한 관심영역의 요소추출과 데이터 변환 연구

강문주,양동일,김덕은,최형진 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2006 정보통신논문지 Vol.10 No.-

In this paper we designed the content-based image system. It discovers the characteristic value of color area for the existing image, when any user establishes the special interesting region for the question images. And we designed the system to be able to search the similar image of the interesting region, compared with the table that saved the characteristic value of moment which is unchangeable for the size and the rotation of form. In this paper, we suggest the image search model based on neural network. This is able to seek for the aimed image through the feedback to search the nonlinear relations by the method of searching content-based image using SOM neural network. We make use of the Precision and the Recall that are used for the system evaluation using the similar matching method in general. As a result of the evaluation of the content-based image system, we can reduce the time and memory to find out the feature value of the image that is meaningless in the general images.

Nickel-Titanium file과 Stainless steel file을 이용한 근관형성시 컴퓨터 단층촬영사진상의 근관형태 변화에 관한 연구

소문섭,임미경,이건일,이용근,이수종 大韓齒科保存學會 1997 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.22 No.2

The goals of root canal instrumentation are complete debridement of pulp tissue, removal of microbes and affected dentin, and proper cleaning and shaping of the root canal space before obturation. Instrumentation with stainless steel files has been shown to produce undesirable results in canals, regardless of the improved technique or modified file type used. Nickel-Titanium(Ni-Ti) alloy has been shown to be exceptionally elastic, having a lower bending moment and lower permanent set after torsion, compared with similar guage stainless steel. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change of root canal prepared by Ni-Ti rotary and stainless steel instruments. Thirty-four single rooted teeth of similar shape and canal size were divided into three groups. The teeth were canned by computed tomography before instrumentation. In group 1, canals were instrumented using a step-back technique with K-file. In group 2, canals were prepared with K-flex file using the same technique as group 1. Group 3 was prepared with nickel-titanium(Ni-Ti) rotary instrument using a manufacture's instruction. Instrumented teeth were again scanned using computed tomography, and reformated images of the uninstrumented canals were compared with images of the instrumented canals. K-flex file and Ni-Ti file caused significantly less canal transportation than K-file in the 8mm root canal section from the apex(p<0.05). K-flex file and Ni-Ti file produced more centered canal preparation than K-file in the 2mm section(p<0.05). Ni-Ti file maintained more precisely the center of the canal than K-flex file in the 10mm section(p<0.05). There was no difference in the removed volume of canals among each groups.

敎育入門과 立志論 : Making a Resolution Theory

김일문 한국아동교육학회 2004 아동교육 Vol.13 No.2

본고에서는 현실 한국교육의 상황에서 올바른 우리의 교육적 지표를 탐색하기 위하여 인간교육에 관심을 가졌던 선현 들, 특히 율곡의 立志論을 중심으로 고찰하고자 하였다. 아울러 입지의 개념, 중요성, 교육적 의의를 밝히면서 오늘날 우리교육에 미칠 영향과 그 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 이 논문에서 논한 학자들은 유학사상에 근거를 두고 있어, 유교의 경전이 가르치는 교육은 도덕적 가치의 중요성을 말하고 있어, 오늘날의 학문이 지식위주라면 유교는 정신의 함양이다. 유교경전에 의하면 存養이 바로 후천적 교화의 요법이요, 그것은 습(習)이라고 한다. ??谷은 도덕적 수양에 있어서 확고한 의지와 가치관 정립이 요청되며 청소년들에게 학문수도의 자각적 태도의 확립으로 聖人自期를 위한 立志의 중요성을 강조하고 있으며, 참(誠)되면 志가 저절로 서는 법이라 하여, 立志가 확고해지는 길은 오직 나 스스로의 誠을 기르는 것으로 보았다. 오늘날 우리교육의 문제점을 바로 학습자의 立志의 상실에 있다고 볼 수 있다. 이와 같이 立志論은 오늘날의 우리교육에 시사하는 바가 크며, 교육은 본래가 평생교육으로 청소년에 있어서 영원한 성장자가 되도록 인도하며, 자아실현에 기여할 수 있도록 교육관의 확립에 주요한 시사를 하였다. This thesis aims to identify the educational meaning of Ipji by studying the importance of Ipji at the beginning phase of education. In order to achieve this aim, the concept of Ipji, the importance of Ipji to the beginners, and its suggestion to today's education are studied. Ipji to the beginners includes idea and goal of education, becomes motives for accomplishment, and effects their social lives throughout their whole lives. Therefore, Ipji is absolutely required to today's adolescents in order to soundly execute their will by developing stability of mind and upright view of life. The deficiency of Ipji can be discussed as one of today's educational problems, and the aim of Ipji is to present a "new path" that adolescents education has to pursue. Overall, this study emphasizes that Ipji, including assurance in the goal, establishment of sense of value, formation of independent mind and development of intellectual personality, has great significance to the adolescent education as a process of self-awakening.

요통과 골반통에 대한 기공촉수(氣孔觸手)요법의 효과

허일웅,인문종 명지대학교 예체능연구소 2003 藝體能論集 Vol.14 No.-

This study is to know the changes after using kigong touching therapy on lumbago. Patients with lumbago who lived in Incheon were the research subjects; After using massaging and kigong touching therapy I developed the following results, based on X-ray specialist's written opinion, patient's written opinion and the test, as comparison and analysis with the result after 2weeks and 4weeks from the testing 1 After applying kigong touching therapy, patients with lumbago alleviate their sufferings, and functional inconvenience on their body grow smaller. But dislocated bone structure is not became on righteousness location perpectly throught reading X-ray. 2. After applying the kigong touching therapy, sacrum derangement patients's suffering is disappeared, and functional inconvenience on their body grow smaller. And the resulting throught X-ray show that median derailment coccyx is decreased. 3. After applying the kigong touching therapy, the over trusted coccyx patients's suffering grow smaller. But dislocated bone structure is not became on righteousness location perpectly throught reading X-ray.