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Naik, Haladhara,Kim, Guinyun,Kim, Kwangsoo,Zaman, Muhammad,Shahid, Muhammad,Kang, Yeong-Rok,Woo Lee, Man,Shin, Sung-Gyun,Cho, Moo-Hyun Springer-Verlag 2016 European Physical Journal A Vol.52 No.11
<P>The flux-weighted average cross-sections of the Pb-nat(gamma, xn)Pb198-204 reaction for the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 50-70 MeV were determined by activation and off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique, using the 100 MeV electron linac at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Korea. The relative cross-sections of the Pb-208(gamma, xn)Pb202-204 and Bi-209(gamma, xn)Bi203-206 reactions from our earlier work were updated to absolute values and compared with the present data. The photo-neutron cross-sections of Pb-nat, Pb-208, and Bi-209 were also calculated, as a function of the photon energy using the TALYS 1.6 code. The flux-weighted average cross-sections were obtained from the theoretical values of the TALYS 1.6 code, based on mono-energetic photons, and compared with the present experimental data. The values were found to be in good agreement with the present data for the Bi-209(gamma, xn)Bi203-206, Pb-208(gamma, xn)Pb202-204, and Pb-nat(gamma, xn)Pb198-202 reactions. However, the present data for the Pb-nat(gamma, xn)Pb-203,Pb-204 reactions were higher than the flux-weighted values obtained using the TALYS 1.6 code.</P>
Haladhara NAIK,Guinyun KIM,Annareddy Venkat Ramann REDDY,Devesh RAJ,Duc Khue PHAM,In Soo KO,Kwangsoo KIM,Moo-Hyun CHO,Srinivasan GANESAN,남궁원,Young Do OH 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.3
The post-neutron-emission mass yield distribution and the photo-neutron cross-section σ (γ,3n)) of 209Bi with 65-MeV bremsstrahlung have been determined using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique in the test electron linac at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. The post-neutron mass yield distribution in 65-MeV bremsstrahlung induced fission of 209Bi is symmetric with average mass around 103 and a FWHM of 22 mass units, which is higher than the literature value of 19 mass units in the energy range of 28 -- 40 MeV. The increasing trend of the FWHM of the post-neutron mass yield distribution with increasing breamsstrahlung energy has been explained from the point of view of the increase in the multi-chance fission probabilities with increasing excitation energy. The (γ,3n) reaction cross-section is determined for the first time. It was also calculated using the TALYS code and was found to be in good agreement with the experimental value. The post-neutron-emission mass yield distribution and the photo-neutron cross-section σ (γ,3n)) of 209Bi with 65-MeV bremsstrahlung have been determined using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique in the test electron linac at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. The post-neutron mass yield distribution in 65-MeV bremsstrahlung induced fission of 209Bi is symmetric with average mass around 103 and a FWHM of 22 mass units, which is higher than the literature value of 19 mass units in the energy range of 28 -- 40 MeV. The increasing trend of the FWHM of the post-neutron mass yield distribution with increasing breamsstrahlung energy has been explained from the point of view of the increase in the multi-chance fission probabilities with increasing excitation energy. The (γ,3n) reaction cross-section is determined for the first time. It was also calculated using the TALYS code and was found to be in good agreement with the experimental value.
Independent isomeric yield ratios of 95m,gNb in the natMo(γ, pxn) and natZr(p, xn) reactions
Naik, Haladhara,Kim, Guinyun,Kim, Kwangsoo,Zaman, Muhammad,Yang, Sung-Chul,Sahid, Muhammad,Lee, Manwoo,Shin, Sung-Gyun,Goswami, Ashok,Cho, Moo-Hyun Springer-Verlag 2014 JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Vol.300 No.3
Independent isomeric-yield ratio of 89m,gNb from 93Nb(γ, 4n), natZr(p, xn), and 89Y(α, 4n) reactions
Naik, Haladhara,Goswami, Ashok,Kim, Guinyun,Kim, Kwangsoo,Yang, Sung-Chul,Sahid, Muhammad,Zaman, Muhammad,Lee, Manwoo,Shin, Sung-Gyun,Cho, Moo-Hyun Springer-Verlag 2014 Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry Vol.299 No.3
김귀년,Haladhara NAIK,Ashok GOSWAMI,V. T. NIMJE,K. C. MITTAL 한국물리학회 2015 새물리 Vol.65 No.11
We determined the yields of fission products in the photon-induced fission for 232Th and 238U with an end-point energy of 10 MeV at the electron linac of the Electron Beam Center in Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India, and those for natPb, 209Bi, and 232Th with 45-80 MeV and 2.5 GeV at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory in Pohang, Korea. The peak-to-valley (P/V) ratio, average light mass (<AL >), and average heavy mass (<AH >) at different excitation energies were obtained from the mass yield data of this work and literature data. The values of P/V, <AL >, and <AH > for 232Th(γ, f) and 238U(γ, f) are compared with similar data for 232Th(n, f), and 238U(n, f) to examine the role of the excitation energy in nuclear structure effects. Similarly, the present data for natPb(n, f) and 209Bi(n, f) were compared with the literature data at other bremsstrahlung energies to examine the effect of the excitation energy on the average mass (<A>) and the P/V ratio.
Tatari, Mansoureh,Naik, Haladhara,Kim, Guinyun,Kim, Kwangsoo,Shin, Sung-Gyun,Cho, Moo–,Hyun R OLDENBOURG VERLAG GMBH 2017 RADIOCHIMICA ACTA Vol.105 No.10
<P>The flux-weighted average cross sections of the Y-89(gamma,xn; x = 1- 4)Y-89 x reactions and the isomeric yield ratios of the Y-87m,Y-g, Y-86m,Y-g, and (85m,)gY radionuclides produced in these reactions with the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 65, 70 and 75 MeV have been determined by an activation and off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique using the 100 MeV electron linac in Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Korea. The theoretical Y-89(gamma, xn; x = 1-4)Y89-x reactioncross sections for mono- energetic photonshave been calculated using the computer code TALYS 1.6. Then the flux- weighted theoretical values were obtaind to compare with the present data. The flux- weighted experimental and theoretical (89Y)(gamma,xn; x =1-4)Y89-x reaction cross sections increase very fast from the threshold values to a certain bremsstrahlung energy, wherethe other reaction channels open up. Thereafter it remains constant a while and then slowly decreases with the increase of cross sections for other reactions. Similarly, the isomeric yield ratios of Y-87m,Y-g, Y-86m,Y-g and Y-85m,Y- in the Y-89(gamma,xn; x =2-4)Y89-x reactions from the present work and literature data show an increasing trend from their respective threshold values to a certain bremsstrahlung energy. After a certain point ofenergy, the isomeric yield ratios increase slowly with the bremsstrahlung energy. These observations indicate therole of excitation energy and its partitioning in different reaction channels.</P>
Tatari, Mansoureh,Kim, Guinyun,Naik, Haladhara,Kim, Kawngsoo,Yang, Sung Chul,Zaman, Muhammad,Shin, Sung Gyun,Kye, Yong-Uk,Cho, Moo-Hyun Elsevier 2015 Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Vol.344 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The isomeric yield ratios of <SUP>86m,g</SUP>Y, <SUP>87m,g</SUP>Y, and <SUP>89m,g</SUP>Zr produced in the reactions of <SUP>89</SUP>Y and <SUP>nat</SUP>Zr with end-point bremsstrahlung energies of 45 and 55MeV have been determined by activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique using the 100MeV electron linac at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Korea. The present data along with literature data show that the isomeric yield ratios of <SUP>86m,g</SUP>Y and <SUP>87m,g</SUP>Y in the <SUP>89</SUP>Y(γ,xn) and <SUP>nat</SUP>Zr(γ,x) reactions and those of <SUP>89m,g</SUP>Zr in the <SUP>nat</SUP>Zr(γ,x) reaction increase with the end-point bremsstrahlung energy, which indicates the effect of excitation energy. However, the increase trend of the isomeric yield ratios of <SUP>87m,g</SUP>Y in the <SUP>89</SUP>Y(γ,xn) reaction and <SUP>89m,g</SUP>Zr in the <SUP>nat</SUP>Zr(γ,x) reaction are very fast from the threshold value to 30MeV due to the giant dipole resonance effect. After certain point of excitation energy, the isomeric yield ratios increase slowly with the end-point bremsstrahlung energy due to the partition of energy in different reaction channels. It was also observed that in both the reactions, the isomeric yield ratios of <SUP>87m,g</SUP>Y are always higher than those of <SUP>86m,g</SUP>Y. This is because of more number of particle emission and thus the disposition of more excitation energy needed for the formation of <SUP>86m,g</SUP>Y compared to <SUP>87m,g</SUP>Y.</P>