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Kamran, Muhammad,Javed, Nazir,Ullah, Ihsan,Nazir, Shahid,Jamil, Shakra,Iqbal, Muhammad Zafar,Abbas, Huma,Khan, Sajid Aleem,Haq, Muhammad Ehetisham ul The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.1
A great variable response was observed when PP-3 and PP-J encumbered with 116 populations of root knot nematode (RKN) at two different temperatures ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) and concentrations ($10^4$ and $10^5$ spores/ml). The PCR reaction amplified intergenic region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene (COII) and large subunit of rRNA gene (lrRNA) of the mitochondrial genome of different RKN species. The primer C2F3 and 1108 identified M. incognita with the highest frequency (52.6%) followed by M. javanica (36.8%) and M. arenaria (10.5%). The sizes of PCR products were 1.7 kb for M. incognita and M. javanica populations while populations of M. arenaria produced 1.1 kb fragment. The digestion with Hinf I yielded three different fragment length patterns on 1.5 % agarose gel. From current research it is concluded that intra-Meloidogyne genetic variability exist in RKN populations which have better encumbrance with P. penetrans.
Effects of plant-derived smoke on the growth dynamics of Barnyard Grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)
Kamran, Muhammad,Khan, Abdul Latif,Waqas, Muhammad,Imran, Qari Muhammad,Hamayun, Muhammad,Kang, Sang-Mo,Kim, Yoon-Ha,Kim, Min-Ji,Lee, In-Jung Taylor Francis 2014 Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica. Section B, So Vol.64 No.2
Muhammad Kamran,Nazir Javed,Ihsan Ullah,Shahid Nazir,Shakra Jamil,Muhammad Zafar Iqbal,Huma Abbas,Sajid Aleem Khan,Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.1
A great variable response was observed when PP-3 and PP-J encumbered with 116 populations of root knot nematode (RKN) at two different temperatures (25 ± 2°C and 30 ± 2°C) and concentrations (104 and 105 spores/ml). The PCR reaction amplified intergenic region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene (COII) and large subunit of rRNA gene (lrRNA) of the mitochondrial genome of different RKN species. The primer C2F3 and 1108 identified M. incognita with the highest frequency (52.6%) followed by M. javanica (36.8%) and M. arenaria (10.5%). The sizes of PCR products were 1.7 kb for M. incognita and M. javanica populations while populations of M. arenaria produced 1.1 kb fragment. The digestion with Hinf I yielded three different fragment length patterns on 1.5 % agarose gel. From current research it is concluded that intra-Meloidogyne genetic variability exist in RKN populations which have better encumbrance with P. penetrans.
Saira Sattar,Muhammad Imran,Zarina Mushtaq,Muhammad Haseeb Ahmad,Muhammad Sajid Arshad,Melvin Holmes,Joanne Maycock,Muhammad Faisal Nisar,Muhammad Kamran Khan 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.10
The peach functional beverages pasteurized for10 min at 90 C, microwaved for 1.5 min at 850 W ofpower and sonicated for 90 min at 20 kHz of frequencywere selected to keep in storage for up to 30 days inrefrigerator to examine the changes happened to theirphysicochemical characteristics and functional components. It was observed that the pH and the cloud values ofall processed juice samples reduces with the storage time,whereas, the total soluble solids almost remain consistentparticularly in microwave and ultrasound treated samples. While storage period causes the decrement in total phenoliccontent (TPC) and total flavonoid content of treated beveragesamples, but ultrasound processing showed greaterretention of TPC value up to 5.7% more than other techniquesduring storage. The similar trend was observed forantioxidant activity where the ultrasound treatment showedimproved free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and2,20-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)scavenging activities except ferric ion reducing antioxidantpower after 30 days of storage.
Optimal hemodynamic response model for functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Kamran, Muhammad A.,Jeong, Myung Yung,Mannan, Malik M. N. Frontiers Media S.A. 2015 Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Vol.9 No.-
<P>Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging non-invasive brain imaging technique and measures brain activities by means of near-infrared light of 650–950 nm wavelengths. The cortical hemodynamic response (HR) differs in attributes at different brain regions and on repetition of trials, even if the experimental paradigm is kept exactly the same. Therefore, an HR model that can estimate such variations in the response is the objective of this research. The canonical hemodynamic response function (cHRF) is modeled by two Gamma functions with six unknown parameters (four of them to model the shape and other two to scale and baseline respectively). The HRF model is supposed to be a linear combination of HRF, baseline, and physiological noises (amplitudes and frequencies of physiological noises are supposed to be unknown). An objective function is developed as a square of the residuals with constraints on 12 free parameters. The formulated problem is solved by using an iterative optimization algorithm to estimate the unknown parameters in the model. Inter-subject variations in HRF and physiological noises have been estimated for better cortical functional maps. The accuracy of the algorithm has been verified using 10 real and 15 simulated data sets. Ten healthy subjects participated in the experiment and their HRF for finger-tapping tasks have been estimated and analyzed. The statistical significance of the estimated activity strength parameters has been verified by employing statistical analysis (i.e., <I>t</I>-value > <I>t</I><SUB>critical</SUB> and <I>p</I>-value < 0.05).</P>
Initial-Dip Existence and Estimation in Relation to DPF and Data Drift
Kamran, Muhammad A.,Naeem Mannan, Malik M.,Jeong, Myung-Yung Frontiers Media S.A. 2018 Frontiers in neuroinformatics Vol.12 No.-
<P>Early de-oxygenation (initial dip) is an indicator of the primal cortical activity source in functional neuro-imaging. In this study, initial dip's existence and its estimation in relation to the differential pathlength factor (DPF) and data drift were investigated in detail. An efficient algorithm for estimation of drift in fNIRS data is proposed. The results favor the shifting of the fNIRS signal to a transformed coordinate system to infer correct information. Additionally, in this study, the effect of the DPF on initial dip was comprehensively analyzed. Four different cases of initial dip existence were treated, and the resultant characteristics of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) for DPF variation corresponding to particular near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths were summarized. A unique neuro-activation model and its iterative optimization solution that can estimate drift in fNIRS data and determine the best possible fit of HRF with free parameters were developed and herein proposed. The results were verified on simulated data sets. The algorithm is applied to free available datasets in addition to six healthy subjects those were experimented using fNIRS and observations and analysis regarding shape of HRF were summarized as well. A comparison with standard GLM is also discussed and effects of activity strength parameters have also been analyzed.</P>