Composite PD and Fuzzy Logic Approach for Vibration of Elastic Joint Manipulator

Mohd Ashraf Ahmad,Raja Mohd Taufika Raja Ismail,Mohd Syakirin Ramli,Mohd Anwar Zawawi,Mohd Helmi Suid 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

The increased complexity of the dynamics of robots manipulator considering joint elasticity makes conventional model-based control strategies complex and difficult to synthesize. This paper presents investigations into the development of composite collocated proportional-derivative (PD) and Fuzzy Logic Control for trajectory tracking and vibration control of a flexible joint manipulator respectively. To study the effectiveness of the controllers, a collocated PD Controller is developed for tip angular position control of a flexible joint manipulator. This is then extended to incorporate a non-collocated Fuzzy Logic Controller for vibration reduction of the flexible joint system. Simulation results of the response of the flexible joint manipulator with the controllers are presented in time and frequency domains. The performances of the composite control schemes are examined in terms of input tracking capability, level of vibration reduction and time response specifications. Finally, a comparative assessment of the control techniques is presented and discussed.

The Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Transfer Learning Approach

Farhan Nabil Mohd Noor,Anwar P.P. Abdul Majeed,Mohd Azraai Mod Razman,Ismail Mohd Khairuddin,Wan Hasbullah Mohd Isa 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus that occurs to the eye. It damages the blood vessels, which cause the leaking of the blood and other fluids due to the elevated blood glucose level. Diabetic Retinopathy is a quiet ailment that patients may not discover until abnormalities in the retina have progressed to the point that medication is difficult or impossible. It can also result in patients losing their sight completely. However, an automated screening machine may help overcome this problem by helping the ophthalmologist diagnose diabetic retinopathy patients as soon as possible. Hence, this research investigates the effectiveness of automatic screening machine by employing the Transfer Learning model such as VGG16 to extract the features and fed them to the Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN) and Random Forest (RF) for the classification. It was shown that the VGG16-SVM pipeline displayed the most promising performance on the classification of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Understanding Dieting and Previous Weight Loss Attempts among Overweight and Obese Participants: Insights into My Body Is Fit and Fabulous at Work Program

Tengku Alina Tengku Ismail,Rohana Abdul Jalil,Wan Rosli Wan Ishak,Noor Fadzlina Hamid,Wan Suriati Wan Nik,Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed,Nor Haslina Mohd,Wan Nor Arifin,Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed,Mohd Ismail I 대한가정의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.39 No.1

Background: A qualitative study providing an in-depth exploration of people’s view and the increasing burden of overweight and obesity is required. This study aimed to explore the understanding of dieting and previous experi-ences on weight loss attempts among overweight and obese government employees in Kelantan, Malaysia, prior to recruitment into the intervention program.Methods: Thirteen focus group discussions involving 129 participants from a weight-loss intervention program were conducted within the first 1 month of recruitment. These discussions were moderated by two trained re-searchers in the Malay language and assisted by an interview guide. They were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. A thematic analysis was performed, and codes and themes from each discussion were constructed.Results: The participants understood dieting with various meanings, including skipping meals and removing rice from daily diets. They applied numerous methods to lose weight and achieved various outcomes. Health and ap-pearance, social support, and compliance with current trends were the factors motivating these participants to lose weight. Their determination to lose weight was limited by lack of self-control and motivation, experiences of un-pleasant effects, influence on weight, and environmental and health factors.Conclusion: Real-life weight loss experiences and perceptions provided relevant insights into current weight loss management strategies. Some of these issues and misunderstandings should be emphasized in weight loss strate-gies during health promotion.

The Diagnosis of COVID-19 by Means of Transfer Learning through X-ray Images

Amiir Haamzah Mohamed Ismail,Mohd Azraai Mohd Razman,Ismail Mohd Khairuddin,Rabiu Muazu Musa,Anwar P.P. Abdul Majeed 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Radiography is used in medical treatment as a method to diagnose the internal organs of the human body from diseases. However, the advancement in machine learning technologies have paved way to new possibilities of diagnosing diseases from chest X-ray images. One such diseases that are able to be detected by using X-ray is the COVID-19 coronavirus. This research investigates the diagnosis of COVID-19 through X-ray images by using transfer learning and fine-tuning of the fully connected layer. Hyperparameters such as dropout, p, number of neurons, and activation functions are investigated on which combinations of these hyperparameters will yield the highest classification accuracy model. VGG19 learning model created by the Visual Geometry Group is used for extraction of features from the patient’s chest X-ray images. To evaluate the combination of various pipelines, the loss and accuracy graphs are used to find the pipeline which performs the best in classification task. The findings in this research will open new possibilities in screening method for COVID-19.

Evaluation of the antigen relatedness and efficacy of a single vaccination with different infectious bronchitis virus strains against a challenge with Malaysian variant and QX-like IBV strains

Ismail, Mohd Iswadi,Tan, Sheau Wei,Hair-Bejo, Mohd,Omar, Abdul Rahman The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2

Background: The predominant infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains detected in chickens in Malaysia are the Malaysian variant (MV) and QX-like, which are associated with respiratory distress, nephropathy, and high mortality. On the other hand, the antigenic relatedness and efficacy of IBV vaccines against these 2 field IBV strains are not well characterized. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the antigen relatedness and efficacy of different IB vaccine strains against a challenge with MV and QX-like strains. Methods: The antigen relatedness and the ability of different IB vaccine strains in conferring protection against MV and QX-like were assessed based on the clinical signs, macroscopic lesions, and ciliary activity. Results: The MV strain IBS037A/2014 showed minor antigenic subtype differences with the vaccine virus Mass H120 and 4/91 strains but showed major antigenic subtype differences with the K2 strain. The Malaysian QX-like strain IBS130/2015 showed major antigenic subtype differences with the MV strain IBS037A/2014 and the vaccine strains except for K2. Chickens vaccinated once with Mass (H120) or with non-Mass (4/91 and K2) developed antibody responses with the highest antibody titer detected in the groups vaccinated with H120 and 4/91. The mean ciliary activities of the vaccinated chickens were between 56 to 59% and 48 to 52% in chickens challenged with IBS037A/2014 and IBS130/2015, respectively. The vaccinated and challenged birds showed mild to severe lesions in the lungs and kidneys. Conclusions: Despite the minor antigenic subtype differences, a single inoculation with Mass or non-Mass vaccines could not protect against the MV IBS037A/2014 and QX-like IBS130/2015.

Direct Micro-joining of Flexible Printed Circuit and Metal Electrode by Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser

Mohd Idris Shah Ismail,Yasuhiro Okamoto,Akira Okada,Yoshiyuki Uno,Kentaro Ueoka 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Laser micro-welding has proven to be a very successful tool for micro-joining in the electrical and electronic industries,where the miniaturization, the high strength and the high heat resistance are constantly requested. Recently, a flexible printed circuit (FPC) is expected as a new connection technology between electrical conductors according to the improvements of reliability and controllability with the diversification of the design concept. In this technology, it is required to weld a several tens μm thickness of FPC and a several hundreds μm thickness of metal electrode. This material combination accompanies the difficulty to control the welding phenomenon due to the differences of thermal property and heat capacity. As a good alternative, laser micro-welding has advantages of non-contact tool, low heat distortion and consistent weld integrity. In this study, the overlap welding of thin copper circuit on a polyimide film and a thick brass electrode was experimentally and numerically investigated by using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. In addition, the shearing stress of overlap welding was evaluated with and without the control of pulse waveform, which can provide a well-directed controlling of the heat input with high energy density. The results showed that a porosity was observed as the major weld defect in the welding process without a pulse control. However, the appropriate controlled laser pulse configuration of micro-welding could remove the weld defects in the molten zone, improve the weld penetration stability and increase the weld strength. The potential benefits of controlled pulse waveform were discussed for the direct laser micro-welding process. It is clarified that the direct laser micro-welding of a thin copper circuit on a polyimide film and a thick brass electrode could be successfully achieved by appropriate controlled pulse waveform and heat input.

Finding the next ‘wave’ in internationalisation of higher education: focus on Malaysia

Mohd Ismail Abd Aziz,Doria Abdullah 서울대학교 교육연구소 2014 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.15 No.3

This article presents a case study of Malaysia’s inroad in internationalising its higher education system for the past three decades and proposes recommendations and the way forward in internationalisation. Internationalisation is one of the critical agenda in Malaysia’s higher education transformation with an end target of becoming an international hub of higher education excellence by 2020. The country is no stranger in internationalisation as efforts in student mobility, academic programmes and international collaboration have started since the 1980s and 1990s. As with other higher education systems globally, it was the private sector that initiated and sustained efforts in internationalisation of Malaysian higher education. With the growth in international student enrolment, the country has established itself as a student hub; however, greater focus and clarity in direction should be set forward in accelerating Malaysia’s progress in internationalisation, with research and development as a potential catalyst. The article also questions Malaysia’s current standing with regard to internationalisation and the need in facilitating higher education institutions to build their capacity in internationalisation, highlighting the important roles of individual institutions at both public and private sector that drive the country’s internationalisation agenda.

Effect of nozzle rotation angles and sizes on thermal characteristic of swirl anti-icing

Mohd Azmi Ismail,Jian Wang 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.9

The Federal Aviation Administration requires all aircraft manufacturers to adhere to maximum noise level standards. Thus, a bias acoustic liner is introduced, to intensify the noise equipment system, as well as prevent ice accumulation on the nacelle D-chamber. The hotspot phenomenon, by the Piccolo tube anti-icing system, could damage the bias acoustic liner. Therefore, a swirl anti-icing system is further investigated, to reduce the hotspot effect on the bias acoustic liner. The present work investigates the effect of nozzle rotation angles at various mass-flow-rates of hot-air supplied on the nacelle lip-skin temperature distribution, in order to enhance the swirl antiicing system's performance. The effect of the nozzle ratio area on the swirl anti-icing system's performance to be discussed in the present work. The simulation results show that the hotspot temperature decreases by 26 % and the cold spot temperature increases by 18 %, as the nozzle to be rotated from 0 o to 13 o towards the inner skin. However, the nozzle ratio area shows a negative effect on the swirl antiicing performance, where the hotspot temperature increases by 6.7 % and the cold spot temperature decreases by 30.2 % with the ratio nozzle area increasing from 0.1083 to 0.8354. According to swirl anti-icing empirical values, the average Nusselt number is directly proportional to the average Reynolds number. In conclusion, the temperature distribution on the nacelle lip-skin and the swirl anti-icing system's performance improves as the angle of nozzle direction increases, rotating towards the inner skin. Swirl anti-icing does not generate hotspot on the inner skin, thus making it suitable for use in a bias acoustic liner system.

Intestinal obstruction: predictor of poor prognosis in colorectal carcinoma?

Mohd Azri Mohd Suan,Wei Leong Tan,Shahrul Aiman Soelar,Ibtisam Ismail,Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan 한국역학회 2015 Epidemiology and Health Vol.37 No.-

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between intestinal obstruction and the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: Data pertaining to 4,501 colorectal carcinoma patients were extracted from the national colorec-tal registry and analysed. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The log-rank test was used to compare the survival rate between patients with intestinal obstruction and those without intesti-nal obstruction. The p-values< 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Simple Cox proportion-al hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the crude hazard ratio of mortality from colorectal cancer. RESULTS: Intestinal obstruction was reported in more than 13% of patients. The 3-year survival rate after treat-ment was 48.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43.9 to 52.8) for patients with intestinal obstruction (n= 593) and 54.9% (95% CI, 53.1 to 56.6) for patients without intestinal obstruction (n= 3,908). The 5-year survival rate for patients with intestinal obstruction was 37.3% (95% CI, 31.9 to 42.8), which was lower than that of patients without intestinal obstruction (45.6%; 95% CI, 43.5 to 47.7). After adjusting the hazard ratio for oth-er prognostic variables, intestinal obstruction had a statistically significant negative correlation with the surviv-al rate of colorectal cancer patients, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.22 (p= 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intestinal obstruction is associated with a lower survival rate among colorectal cancer patients.

Evaluation of Macular and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus without Retinopathy

Ismail Mohd-Ilham,Evelyn Li Min Tai,Hussain Suhaimi,Ismail Shatriah 대한안과학회 2021 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.35 No.4

Purpose: There are limited data from Asian countries regarding retinal thickness in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to compare the macular and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters between diabetic children without retinopathy and non-diabetic healthy children. We also evaluated the factors associated with RNFL thickness in children with T1DM. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among children with T1DM and healthy children aged 7 to 17 years old in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from 2017 to 2019. Children with retinal disease or glaucoma were excluded. Macular and RNFL thicknesses were measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Demographic information, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, body mass index, visual acuity, and retinal examination findings were documented. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels, renal function, and blood lipid levels were also collected. Results: Forty-one children with T1DM and 80 age- and sex-matched children were enrolled. Both sexes were affected. Mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 3.66 years. The mean glycated hemoglobin levels in the T1DM group was 9.99%. The mean macular and RNFL thicknesses in children with T1DM were 277.56 (15.82) µm and 98.85 (12.05) µm, respectively. Children with T1DM had a significantly thinner average macula, superior outer macula, nasal outer macula, mean RNFL, and inferior RNFL thickness compared to controls (p < 0.05). There was a significant association between nephropathy and the mean RNFL thickness. Conclusions: Children with T1DM had significantly decreased mean macular and RNFL thicknesses. Nephropathy is associated with an increased RNFL thickness.