MicroRNA-183 Family in Inner Ear: Hair Cell Development and Deafness

Mohammad Reza Mahmoodian sani,Morteza Hashemzadeh Chaleshtori,Massoud Saidijam,Mohammad-Saeid Jami,Payam Ghasemi-Dehkordi 대한청각학회 2016 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.20 No.3

miRNAs are essential factors of an extensively conserved post-transcriptional process controlling gene expression at mRNA level. Varoius biological processes such as growth and differentiation are regulated by miRNAs. Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched using the Endnote software for the publications about the role miRNA-183 family in inner ear: hair cell development and deafness published from 2000 to 2016. A triplet of these miRNAs particularly the miR-183 family is highly expressed in vertebrate hair cells, as with some of the peripheral neurosensory cells. Point mutations in one member of this family, miR-96, underlie DFNA50 autosomal deafness in humans and lead to abnormal hair cell development and survival in mice. In zebrafish, overexpression of the miR-183 family induces extra and ectopic hair cells, while knockdown decreases the number of hair cell. The miR-183 family (miR-183, miR-96 and miR-182) is expressed abundantly in some types of sensory cell in the eye, nose and inner ear. In the inner ear, mechanosensory hair cells have a robust expression level. Despite much similarity of these miRs sequences, small differences lead to distinct targeting of messenger RNAs targets. In the near future, miRNAs are likely to be explored as potential therapeutic agents to repair or regenerate hair cells, cell reprogramming and regenerative medicine applications in animal models because they can simultaneously down-regulate dozens or even hundreds of transcripts.

In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Wound Healing Effects of Achillea millefolium Essential Oil in Rat

Ghasemi Mohammad Reza,Ranjbar Akram,Tamri Pari,Pourmoslemi Shabnam,Nourian Alireza,Dastan Dara 대한약침학회 2023 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: In this study we aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity and wound healing properties of Achillea millefolium essential oil (AMEO) in full-thickness wound model in rat. The antibacterial activity of AMEO was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the broth dilution method. Methods: The 2 cm × 2 cm full-thickness excisional wounds were created on the back of animals. Topical therapy was applied twice a day using 1%, 2%, and 3% w/w AMEO ointments, and the measurement of the wounds area was carried out every 3 days, after that the wound closure percentage was calculated in these days. Hydroxyproline content and histopathological evaluation of wound tissue samples were carried out on day 7 and 14 post wounding. Eucerin was used for the treatment of vehicle control group and negative control group received no treatment. Results: Our results revealed the bacteriostatic activity of AMEO against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Wound healing activity evaluation of AMEO showed the significant increase (p < 0.05) in the wound closure percentages in rats treated with AMEO 1% and 2% comparing to those of non-treatment group. In addition, hydroxyproline contents of tissue significantly (p < 0.01) increased in AMEO 1% and 2% comparing to non-treatment group. Histopathological evaluations of wound tissue samples on day 7 and 14 demonstrated higher accumulation of collagen fibers, reduction of edema and inflammation and also formation of tissue appendages in 1% and 2% AMEO treated groups in comparison with non-treatment group. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that AMEO has the potential to be used as a safe and effective wound healing agent.

Strong Law of Large Numbers for Fuzzy Random Variables in Fuzzy Metric Space

Reza Ghasemi,Mohammad Reza Rabiei,Ahmad Nezakati 한국지능시스템학회 2020 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.20 No.4

Despite uncertainty in fuzzy random variables, crisp metrics have always been used. In this study, we attempt to introduce the concept of fuzzy metric space and fuzzy normed space for fuzzy sets and some of its properties, and we investigate the strong law of large numbers. The embedded theorem for fuzzy compact sets in fuzzy normed space and the generalized Hukuhara difference are the most important tools used to prove this theorem. In addition, as a result and application, we use the strong law of large numbers for fuzzy random variables in the fuzzy metric space for the bootstrap mean.

Strategies for sustaining and enhancing nursing students’ engagement in academic and clinical settings: a narrative review

Mohammad Reza Ghasemi,Hossein Karimi Moonaghi,Abbas Heydari 한국의학교육학회 2020 Korean journal of medical education Vol.32 No.2

Students’ engagement in academic-related learning activities is one of the important determinants of students’ success. Identifying the best teaching strategies to sustain and promote nursing students’ engagement in academic and clinical settings has always been a challenge for nurse educators. Hence, it is essential to provide a set of strategies for maintaining and enhancing the academic engagement of nursing students. The purpose of this review was to explore and summarize the strategies that nurse educators use to sustain and promote nursing students’ engagement in academic and clinical settings. A narrative literature review was conducted. CINAHL (nursing content), ProQuest, Medline, the Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched. Of 1,185 retrieved articles, 32 teaching strategies were identified and extracted from the nursing literature. We used thematic analysis approach to organize these strategies into five main categories as follows: technology-based strategies (15 articles), collaborative strategies (10 articles), simulation-based strategies (two articles), research-based strategies (two articles), and miscellanea learning strategies (three articles). As a general comment, these strategies have the potential to promote nursing students’ engagement. Among the strategies discussed in this review, the use of technology, particularly the response system and online learning, was more common among nursing educators, which is in line with today’s advances in smart technologies. The collection presented in this review can be used as a starting point for future research to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the academic engagement of nursing students. Nevertheless, due to the lack of experimental studies, the optimal strategies remain to be elucidated through future high-quality experimental study.

The effect of carbon fiber length on the microstructure, selected mechanical, wear, and thermal conductivity of Cf/SiC composite fabricated via spark plasma sintering (SPS) method

Ghasemi Arman,Ramazani Mazaher,Bakhshi Saeed Reza,Al-Khafaji Ali Hussein Demin,Zahabi Saeed,Loghman Estarki Mohammad Reza,Zamani Abbas 한국세라믹학회 2023 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.60 No.4

This research aims to fabricate and develop a composite brake disc made of carbon/silicon carbide. For this purpose, the first silicon carbide nanoparticles were ultrasonicated with alumina sintering aid and carbon fi ber (between 10 and 20%) with different lengths of 3 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm. Next, the fi nal Cf/SiC composite bulk was made-up via the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method. After that, the effect of different lengths of carbon fiber was explored on the porosity, coefficient of friction, fracture toughness, thermal conductivity, and microhardness of samples. The results showed that the density of sintered samples with a carbon fiber length of 10 mm was higher than that of samples with fiber lengths of 3 and 15 mm. Also, the hardness (25.79 GPa) and fracture toughness (5.72 MPa.m 1/2) of this sample were higher than those of the samples sintered with carbon fiber lengths of 3 and 15 mm. Further, this sample with the maximum density showed a coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.43. Since for aeroplane brake discs, the COF should be between 0.3 and 0.4, and the porosity of sam- ples should range within 3–5%, the samples sintered with the carbon fiber length of 10 mm had the nearby features to the preferred air brake disc indices.

Numerical and analytical study of aeroelastic characteristics of wind turbine composite blades

Ghasemi, Ahmad Reza,Jahanshir, Arezu,Tarighat, Mohammad Hassan Techno-Press 2014 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.18 No.2

Aeroelasticity is the main source of instability in structures which are subjected to aerodynamic forces. One of the major reasons of instability is the coupling of bending and torsional vibration of the flexible bodies, which is known as flutter. The presented investigation aims to study the aeroelastic stability of composite blades of wind turbine. Geometry, layup, and loading of the turbine blades made of laminated composites were calculated and evaluated. To study the flutter phenomenon of the blades, two numerical and analytical methods were selected. The finite element method (FEM), and JAR-23 standard were used to perform the numerical studies. In the analytical method, two degree freedom flutter and Lagrange's equations were employed to study the flutter phenomena analytically and estimate the flutter speed.

Synthesizing efficacious genistein in conjugation with superparamagnetic Fe3O4 decorated with bio-compatible carboxymethylated chitosan against acute leukemia lymphoma

Rachel Ghasemi Goorbandi,Mohammad Reza Mohammadi,Kianoosh Malekzadeh 한국생체재료학회 2020 생체재료학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Background: Genistein (C15H10O5) is a soy isoflavone with anti-cancer properties such as inhibition of cell growth, proliferation and tumor invasion, but effective dosage against hematopoietic malignant cells was not in non-toxic range. This property cause to impede its usage as chemotherapeutic agent. Therefore, this hypothesis raised that synthesizing biocompatible nanoparticle could assist to prevail this struggle. Methods: Genistein covalently attached on Fe3O4 nanoparticles decorated with carboxymethylated chitosan to fabricate Fe3O4-CMC-genistein in alkaline circumstance. This obtained nanoparticles were evaluated by TEM, DLS, FTIR, XRD and VSM and its anti-cancer effect by growth rate and MTT assays as well as flow cytometer on ALL cancer cell lines. Results: Different evaluations indicated that the drug delivery vehicle had a mean diameter size around 12ƞm with well bounded components. This system presented high degree of magnetization and superparamagnetic properties as well as good water solubility. In comparison with pure genistein, significant growth inhibition on hematopoietic cancer cells in lower dose of genistein nano-conjugated onto Fe3O4-CMC. It increased long lasting effect of genistein in cancer cells also. Conclusion: This delivery system for genistein could be remarkably promised and futuristic as biocompatible chemotherapeutic agent against hematopoietic malignant cells.

Preparation and characterization of novel Ionic liquid/Pebax membranes for efficient CO2/light gases separation

Ehsan Ghasemi Estahbanati,Mohammad Reza Omidkhah,Abtin Ebadi Amooghin 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.51 No.-

In this study, the goal is to incorporate superior features of the Pebax 1657 copolymer, such as highmechanical resistance and exceptional gas permeability especially for polar gases, with the affinity of the1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]) ionic liquid to CO2 gas, which results inincreasing the permselectivity of the membranes for CO2/light gases separation. Generally, the CO2solubility in ILs increases with pressure increment, and temperature decrement. Therefore, gaspermeation results of prepared membranes were obtained at temperature of 35 C and feed pressurerange 2–10 bar. SEM, ATR and DSC analysis were carried out on different compositions of membranes andthe results showed that adding the IL to the polymer make membranes more amorphous and lesscrystalline which lead to increase permeability for all tested gases. In addition, due to the high affinity ofCO2 in both polymer and IL, both CO2 permeability and selectivity increased simultaneously withincreasing IL content. This is confirmed by gas permeation results, where at 35 C and 10 bar, the CO2permeability increased from 110 Barrer for neat Pebax to 190 Barrer in the blended membrane containing50 wt.% IL (about 73%). The related CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivities were increased from 20.8 to 24.4(about 17%) and from 78.6 to 105.6 (about 34%), respectively. Thus, these types of membranes arepromising to be utilized in gas separation processes in industries for CO2 separation in order to postponethe global warming, which is nowadays the biggest threat to the universe.

Numerical and analytical study of aeroelastic characteristics of wind turbine composite blades

Ahmad Reza Ghasemi,Arezu Jahanshir,Mohammad Hassan Tarighat 한국풍공학회 2014 한국풍공학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Aeroelasticity is the main source of instability in structures which are subjected to aerodynamic forces. One of the major reasons of instability is the coupling of bending and torsional vibration of the flexible bodies, which is known as flutter. The presented investigation aims to study the aeroelastic stability of composite blades of wind turbine. Geometry, layup, and loading of the turbine blades made of laminated composites were calculated and evaluated. To study the flutter phenomenon of the blades, two numerical and analytical methods were selected. The finite element method (FEM), and JAR-23 standard were used to perform the numerical studies. In the analytical method, two degree freedom flutter and Lagrange\'s equations were employed to study the flutter phenomena analytically and estimate the flutter speed.

Optimization of structural and mechanical engineering problems using the enriched ViS-BLAST method

Babak Dizangian,Mohammad Reza Ghasemi 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.77 No.5

In this paper, an enhanced Violation-based Sensitivity analysis and Border-Line Adaptive Sliding Technique (ViS-BLAST) will be utilized for optimization of some well-known structural and mechanical engineering problems. ViS-BLAST has already been introduced by the authors for solving truss optimization problems. For those problems, this method showed a satisfactory enactment both in speed and efficiency. The Enriched ViS-BLAST or EVB is introduced to be vastly applicable to any solvable constrained optimization problem without any specific initialization. It uses one-directional step-wise searching technique and mostly limits exploration to the vicinity of FNF border and does not explore the entire design space. It first enters the feasible region very quickly and keeps the feasibility of solutions. For doing this important, EVB groups variables for specifying the desired searching directions in order to moving toward best solutions out or inside feasible domains. EVB was employed for solving seven numerical engineering design problems. Results show that for problems with tiny or even complex feasible regions with a larger number of highly non-linear constraints, EVB has a better performance compared to some records in the literature. This dominance was evaluated in terms of the feasibility of solutions, the quality of optimum objective values found and the total number of function evaluations performed.